Self-Regulatory Organizations; Proposed Rule Changes:
Federal Register Volume 76, Number 192 (Tuesday, October 4, 2011)
Notices
Pages 61435-61438
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office [www.gpo.gov]
FR Doc No: 2011-25509
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Release No. 34-65428; File No. SR-BX-2011-068
Self-Regulatory Organizations; NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc.; Notice of
Filing of Proposed Rule Change To Revise the Methodology for
Determining When to Halt Trading Due to Extraordinary Market Volatility
September 28, 2011.
Pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
(``Act''),\1\ and Rule 19b-4 \2\ thereunder, notice is hereby given that on September 27, 2011, NASDAQ OMX BX, Inc. (``BX'' or
``Exchange'') filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(``SEC'' or ``Commission'') the proposed rule change as described in
Items I, II, and III, below, which Items have been prepared by the
Exchange. The Commission is publishing this notice to solicit comments on the proposed rule change from interested persons.
\1\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\2\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
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Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Terms of Substance of the Proposed Rule Change
The Exchange, pursuant to Section 19(b)(1) of the Act \3\ and Rule 19b-4 thereunder,\4\ proposes to amend Exchange Rule 4121 to revise the methodology for determining when to halt trading in all stocks due to extraordinary market volatility. The proposal is made in conjunction with all national securities exchanges and the Financial Industry
Regulatory Authority (``FINRA'').
\3\ 15 U.S.C. 78s(b)(1).
\4\ 17 CFR 240.19b-4.
The text of the proposed rule change is available on the Exchange's
Web site at http://nasdaqomxbx.cchwallstreet.com, at the principal office of the Exchange, and at the Commission's Public Reference Room.
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Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change
In its filing with the Commission, the Exchange included statements concerning the purpose of and basis for the proposed rule change and discussed any comments it received on the proposed rule change. The text of these statements may be examined at the places specified in
Item IV below. The Exchange has prepared summaries, set forth in sections A, B, and C below, of the most significant aspects of such statements.
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Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement of the Purpose of, and
Statutory Basis for, the Proposed Rule Change 1. Purpose
The Exchange proposes to amend Exchange Rule 4121 to revise the current methodology for determining when to halt trading in all stocks due to extraordinary market volatility. The Exchange is proposing this rule change in consultation with other equity, options, and futures markets, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (``FINRA''), and staffs of the Commission and the Commodity Futures Trading
Commission.
Since May 6, 2010, when the markets experienced excessive volatility in an abbreviated time period, i.e., the ``flash crash,'' the exchanges and FINRA have implemented market-wide measures designed to restore investor confidence by reducing the potential for excessive market volatility. Among the measures adopted include pilot plans for stock-by-stock trading pauses \5\ and related changes to the clearly erroneous execution rules \6\ and more stringent market maker quoting requirements.\7\ In addition, on April 5, 2011, the equities exchanges and FINRA filed a plan pursuant to Rule 608 of Regulation NMS to address extraordinary market volatility (the ``Limit Up-Limit Down
Plan'').\8\ As proposed, the Limit Up-Limit Down Plan is designed to prevent trades in individual NMS stocks from occurring outside specified price bands.
\5\ BX Rule 4120(a)(11).
\6\ BX Rule 11890.
\7\ BX Rule 4613.
\8\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 64547 (May 25, 2011), 76 FR 31647 (June 1, 2011).
The Joint CFTC-SEC Advisory Committee on Emerging Regulatory Issues
(``Committee'') has recommended that, in addition to the initiatives already adopted or proposed, the markets should consider reforming the existing market-wide circuit breakers. Among other things, the
Committee noted that the interrelatedness of today's highly electronic markets warrants the need to review the present operation of the system-wide circuit breakers now in place. Specifically, the Committee recommended that the markets consider replacing the Dow Jones
Industrial Average (``DJIA'') with the S&P 500[reg] Index (``S&P 500''), revising the 10%, 20%, and 30% decline percentages, reducing the length
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of trading halts, and allowing halts to be triggered up to 3:30 p.m.\9\
\9\ See Summary Report of the Committee, ``Recommendations
Regarding Regulatory Responses to the Market Events of May 6, 2010''
(Feb, 18, 2011).
The exchanges and FINRA have taken into consideration the
Committee's recommendations, and with some modifications, have proposed changes to market-wide circuit breakers that the Exchange believes will provide for a more meaningful measure in today's faster, more electronic markets, of when to halt stocks on a market-wide basis as a result of rapid market declines.
Background
The Exchange adopted Rule 4121 in 2008. Rule 4121 provides that upon SEC request the Exchange will halt all domestic trading in both securities listed on Nasdaq and securities traded [sic] the Exchange pursuant to unlisted trading privileges if other major securities markets initiate marketwide trading halts in response to extraordinary market conditions. In effect, the Exchange agreed via Rule 4121 to abide by marketwide halts called for by the SEC in conjunction with other listing markets. The standards governing such halts were adopted in 1988 as part of an effort by the securities and futures markets to implement a coordinated means to address potentially destabilizing market volatility.\10\
\10\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 26198 (Oct. 19, 1988).
The purpose of a marketwide halt, as embodied in Rule 4121, is to enable market participants to establish an equilibrium between buying and selling interest and to ensure that market participants have an opportunity to become aware of and respond to significant price movements. Importantly, the market-wide circuit breakers were not intended to prevent markets from adjusting to new price levels; rather, they provide for a speed bump for extremely rapid market declines.\11\
\11\ Id.
The current standard, set forth in the rules of other exchanges,\12\ provides for Level 1, 2, and 3 declines and specified trading halts following such declines. The values of Levels 1, 2 and 3 are calculated at the beginning of each calendar quarter, using 10%, 20% and 30%, respectively, of the average closing value of the DJIA for the month prior to the beginning of the quarter. Each percentage calculation is rounded to the nearest fifty points to create the
Levels' trigger points. The values then remain in effect until the next quarterly calculation, notwithstanding whether the DJIA has moved and a
Level 1, 2, or 3 decline is no longer equal to an actual 10%, 20%, or 30% decline in the most recent closing value of the DJIA.
\12\ The rule was last amended in 1998, when declines based on specified point drops in the DJIA were replaced with the current methodology of using a percentage decline that is recalculated quarterly. See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 39846 (April 9, 1998), 63 FR 18477 (April 15, 1998) (SR-NYSE-98-06, SR-Amex-98-09,
SR-BSE-98-06, SR-CHX-98-08, SR-NASD-98-27, and SR-Phlx-98-15).
Once a marketwide circuit breaker is in effect, trading in all stocks halt for the time periods specified below:
Level 1 Halt
Anytime before 2 p.m.--one hour; at or after 2 p.m. but before 2:30 p.m.--30 minutes; at or after 2:30 p.m.--trading shall continue, unless there is a Level 2 Halt.
Level 2 Halt
Anytime before 1 p.m.--two hours; at or after 1 p.m. but before 2 p.m.--one hour; at or after 2 p.m.--trading shall halt and not resume for the rest of the day.
Level 3 Halt
At any time--trading shall halt and not resume for the rest of the day.
Unless stocks are halted for the remainder of the trading day, price indications are disseminated during a Rule 80B trading halt for stocks that comprise the DJIA.
Proposed Amendments
As noted above, the Exchange, other equities, options, and futures markets, and FINRA propose to amend the market-wide circuit breakers to take into consideration the recommendations of the Committee, and to provide for more meaningful measures in today's markets of when to halt trading in all stocks. Accordingly, the Exchange proposes to amend Rule 4121 to create the following standards: (i) Replace the DJIA with the
S&P 500; (ii) replace the quarterly calendar recalculation of Rule 80B triggers with daily recalculations: (iii) replace the 10%, 20%, and 30% market decline percentages with 7%, 13%, and 20% market decline percentages; (iv) modify the length of the trading halts associated with each market decline level; and (v) modify the times when a trading halt may be triggered. The Exchange believes that these proposed amendments update the rule to reflect today's high-speed, highly electronic trading market while still ensuring that market participants have an opportunity to become aware of and respond to significant price movements.
First, the Exchange proposes to replace the DJIA with the S&P 500.
The Exchange believes that because the S&P 500 is based on the trading prices of 500 stocks, as compared to the 30 stocks that comprise the
DJIA, the S&P 500 represents a broader base of securities against which to measure whether extraordinary market-wide volatility is occurring.
In addition, as noted by the Committee, using an index that correlates closely with derivative products, such as the E-Mini and SPY, will allow for a better cross-market measure of market volatility.
Second, the Exchange proposes to change the recalculation of the trigger values from once every calendar quarter to daily. The Exchange believes that updating the trigger values daily will better reflect current market conditions. In particular, a daily recalculation will ensure that the percentage drop triggers relate to current market conditions, and are not compared to what may be stale market conditions. As noted in the proposed rule, the daily calculations of the trigger values will be published before the trading day begins.\13\
\13\ The Exchange and other markets will advise via Trader
Update the specific methodology for publishing the daily calculations, as well as the manner by which the markets will halt trading in all stocks should a Rule 4121 trading halt be triggered.
Third, the Exchange proposes to decrease the current Level 1, 2, and 3 declines of 10%, 20%, and 30% to a Level 1 Market Decline of 7%, a Level 2 Market Decline of 13%, and Level 3 Market Decline of 20%. In particular, as demonstrated by the May 6, 2010 flash crash, the current
Level 1 10% decline may be too high a threshold before determining whether to halt trading across all securities. In fact, since adoption, the markets have halted only once, on October 27, 1997.\14\
Accordingly, to reflect the potential that a lower, yet still significant decline may warrant a market-wide trading halt, the
Exchange proposes to lower the market decline percentage thresholds.
\14\ At that time, the triggers were based on absolute declines in the DJIA (350 point decrease for a Level 1 halt and 550 point decrease for a Level 2 halt).
As further proposed, the Exchange would halt trading based on a
Level 1 or Level 2 Market Decline only once per day. For example, if a
Level 1 Market Decline were to occur and trading were halted, following the reopening of trading, the Exchange would not halt the market again unless a Level 2 Market Decline were to occur. Likewise, following the reopening of trading after a Level 2 Market Decline, the Exchange would not halt trading again unless a
Page 61437
Level 3 Market Decline were to occur, at which point, trading in all stocks would be halted until the primary market opens the next trading day.
Fourth, to correspond with the lower percentages associated with triggering a trading halt, the Exchange also proposes to shorten the length of the market-wide trading halts associated with each Level. As proposed, a Level 1 or 2 Market Decline occurring after 9:30 a.m.
Eastern and up to and including 3:25 p.m. Eastern, would result in a trading halt in all stocks for 15 minutes.
The Exchange believes that by reducing the percentage threshold, coupled with the reduced length of a trading halt, the proposed rule would allow for trading halts for serious market declines, while at the same time, would minimize disruption to the market by allowing for trading to continue after the proposed more-abbreviated trading halt.
The Exchange believes that in today's markets, where trading information travels in micro-second speed, a 15-minute trading halt strikes the appropriate balance between the need to halt trading for market participants to assess the market, while at the same time reducing the time that the market is halted.
Finally, because the proposed Level 1 and Level 2 trading halts will now be 15 minutes, the Exchange proposes amending the rule to allow for a Level 1 or 2 Market Decline to trigger a trading halt up to 3:25 p.m. (or, in the case of scheduled early closure, at 12:25 p.m.).
Under the current rule, a trading halt cannot be triggered after 2:30 p.m., and this time corresponds to the need for the markets both to reopen following a 30-minute halt and to engage in a fair and orderly closing process. However, as the markets experienced on May 6, 2010, even if the Level 1 decline had occurred that day, because the market decline occurred after 2:30 p.m., it would not have triggered a halt under the current rule. The Committee recommended that trading halts be triggered up to 3:30 p.m. The Exchange agrees that the proposed amendments must strike the appropriate balance between permitting trading halts as late in the day as feasible without interrupting the closing process.
Accordingly, to accommodate existing rules at other Exchange [sic] concerning closing procedures, including the publication of imbalance information beginning at 3:50 p.m. and the restrictions on entry and cancellation of market on close (``MOC'') and limit on close (``LOC'') orders after 3:45 p.m., the Exchange proposes that the last Level 1 or
Level 2 Market Decline trading halt should begin no later than 3:25 p.m. (or, in the case of scheduled early closure, at 12:25 p.m.). The
Exchange proposes 3:25 p.m. as the cut-off time so that there is time following the 15-minute trading halt for the markets to reopen before the 3:45 cut-off for entry and cancellation of MOC and LOC orders under
Exchange rules.
Under the proposed rule, a Level 3 Market Decline would halt trading for the remainder of the trading day, including any trading that may take place after 4 p.m., Eastern, and would not resume until the next trading day.
In addition to these proposed changes, the Exchange proposes to add to Rule 4121 how the markets will reopen following a 15-minute trading halt. In particular, the Exchange proposes that if the primary market halts trading in all stocks, all markets will halt trading in those stocks until the primary market has resumed trading or notice has been provided by the primary market that trading may resume. As further proposed, if the primary market does not re-open a security within 15 minutes following the end of the trading halt, other markets may resume trading in that security. 2. Statutory Basis
The statutory basis for the proposed rule change is Section 6(b)(5) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the ``Act''),\15\ which requires the rules of an exchange to promote just and equitable principles of trade, to remove impediments to and perfect the mechanism of a free and open market and a national market system and, in general, to protect investors and the public interest. The proposed rule change also is designed to support the principles of Section 11A(a)(1) \16\ of the Act in that it seeks to assure fair competition among brokers and dealers and among exchange markets. The Exchange believes that the proposed rule meets these requirements in that it promotes transparency and uniformity across markets concerning decisions to pause trading in a security when there are significant price movements.
\15\ 15 U.S.C. 78f(b)(5).
\16\ 15 U.S.C. 78k-1(a)(1).
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Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Burden on Competition
The Exchange does not believe that the proposed rule change will impose any burden on competition not necessary or appropriate in furtherance of the purposes of the Act.
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Self-Regulatory Organization's Statement on Comments on the Proposed
Rule Change Received From Members, Participants, or Others
No written comments were either solicited or received.
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Date of Effectiveness of the Proposed Rule Change and Timing for
Commission Action
Within 45 days of the date of publication of this notice in the
Federal Register or within such longer period (i) as the Commission may designate up to 90 days of such date if it finds such longer period to be appropriate and publishes its reasons for so finding or (ii) as to which the Exchange consents, the Commission will:
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By order approve or disapprove such proposed rule change, or
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Institute proceedings to determine whether the proposed rule change should be disapproved.
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Solicitation of Comments
Interested persons are invited to submit written data, views, and arguments concerning the foregoing, including whether the proposed changes to the market-wide circuit breaker regime are consistent with the Act. The Commission specifically requests comment on the following:
As discussed above, the proposed rule change would narrow the percentage market declines that would trigger a market-wide halt in trading. How would the proposed changes interact with the existing single-stock circuit breaker pilot program \17\ or, if approved, the proposed NMS Plan to establish a limit-up/limit-down mechanism for individual securities? \18\
\17\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 64735 (June 23, 2011), 76 FR 38243 (June 29, 2011) (SR-BATS-2011-016; SR-BYX-2011- 011; SR-BX-2011-025; SR-CBOE-2011-049; SR-CHX-2011-09; SR-EDGA-2011- 15; SR-EDGX-2011-14; SR-FINRA-2011-023; SR-ISE-2011-028; SR-NASDAQ- 2011-067; SR-NYSE-2011-21; SR-NYSEAmex-2011-32; SR-NYSEArca-2011-26;
SR-NSX-2011-06; SR-Phlx-2011-64) (approving the ``Phase III Pilot
Program''). The Phase III Pilot Program has been extended through
January 2012. See, e.g., Securities Exchange Act Release 65094
(August 10, 2011), 76 FR 50779 (August 16, 2011) (SR-NASDAQ-2011- 011).
\18\ See Securities Exchange Act Release No. 64547 (May 25, 2011), 76 FR 31647 (June 1, 2011).
To what extent could the concurrent triggering of single stock circuit breakers in many S&P 500 Index stocks lead to difficulties in calculating the index? Would the triggering of many single stock circuit breakers in a general market downturn cause the index calculation to become stale and thereby delay the triggering of the market-wide circuit breaker?
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Should the market-wide circuit breaker be triggered if a sufficient number of single-stock circuit breakers or price limits are triggered, and materially affect calculations of the S&P 500 Index?
Should market centers implement rules that mandate cancellation of pending orders in the event a market-wide circuit breaker is triggered? If so, should such a rule require cancellation of all orders or only certain order types (e.g., limit orders)? Should all trading halts trigger such cancellation policies or should the cancellation policies apply only to a Level 3 Market Decline?
Should some provision be made to end the regular trading session if a market decline suddenly occurs after 3:25 p.m. but does not reach the 20% level?
In the event of a Level 3 Market Decline, should some provision be made for the markets to hold a closing auction?
Should the primary market have a longer period (e.g., 30 minutes) to reopen trading following a Level 2 Market Decline before trading resumes in other venues?
In the event of a Level 3 Market Decline, should the markets wait for the primary market to reopen trading in a particular security on the next trading day before trading in that security resumes?
Comments may be submitted by any of the following methods:
Electronic Comments
Use the Commission's Internet comment form (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml); or
Send an e-mail to rule-comments@sec.gov. Please include
File Number SR-BX-2011-068 on the subject line.
Paper Comments
Send paper comments in triplicate to Elizabeth M. Murphy,
Secretary, Securities and Exchange Commission, 100 F Street, NE.,
Washington, DC 20549-1090.
All submissions should refer to File Number SR-BX-2011-068. This file number should be included on the subject line if e-mail is used. To help the Commission process and review your comments more efficiently, please use only one method. The Commission will post all comments on the Commission's Internet Web site (http://www.sec.gov/rules/sro.shtml). Copies of the submission, all subsequent amendments, all written statements with respect to the proposed rule change that are filed with the Commission, and all written communications relating to the proposed rule change between the Commission and any person, other than those that may be withheld from the public in accordance with the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552, will be available for Web site viewing and printing in the Commission's Public Reference Room, 100 F Street, NE.,
Washington, DC 20549, on official business days between the hours of 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. Copies of such filing also will be available for inspection and copying at the principal office of the Exchange. All comments received will be posted without change; the Commission does not edit personal identifying information from submissions. You should submit only information that you wish to make publicly available. All submissions should refer to File Number SR-BX-2011-068 and should be submitted on or before October 25, 2011.
For the Commission, by the Division of Trading and Markets, pursuant to delegated authority.\19\
\19\ 17 CFR 200.30-3(a)(12).
Elizabeth M. Murphy,
Secretary.
FR Doc. 2011-25509 Filed 10-3-11; 8:45 am
BILLING CODE 8011-01-P
