Airworthiness standards: 300, SR, and SP series airplanes,
[Federal Register: February 8, 2002 (Volume 67, Number 27)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Page 5934-5936]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr08fe02-4]
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 25
[Docket No. NM210, Special Conditions No. 25-196-SC]
Special Conditions: Boeing Model 747-100, -100B, -200B, -200C, - 200F, -300, SR, and SP Series Airplanes; High Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF)
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final special conditions; request for comments.
SUMMARY: These special conditions are issued for Boeing Model 747-100, -100B, -200B, -200C, -200F, -300, SR, and SP series airplanes modified by Electronic Cable Specialists. These airplanes will have novel and unusual design features when compared to the state of technology envisioned in the airworthiness standards for transport category airplanes. The modification incorporates the installation of triple Honeywell Classic Navigator Systems. The applicable airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for the protection of these systems from the effects of high-intensity radiated fields (HIRF). These special conditions contain the additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that provided by the existing airworthiness standards.
DATES: The effective date of these special conditions is January 25, 2002. Comments must be received on or before March 11, 2002.
ADDRESSES: Comments on these special conditions may be mailed in duplicate to: Federal Aviation Administration, Transport Airplane Directorate, Attn: Rules Docket (ANM-113), Docket No. NM210, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton, Washington, 98055-4056; or delivered in duplicate to the Transport Airplane Directorate at the above address. All comments must be marked: Docket No. NM210. Comments may be inspected in the Rules Docket weekdays, except Federal holidays, between 7:30 a.m. and 4 p.m.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Meghan Gordon, FAA, Standardization Branch, ANM-113, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton, Washington, 98055-4056; telephone (425) 227-2138; facsimile (425) 227-1149.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
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Comments Invited
The FAA invites interested persons to participate in this rulemaking by submitting written comments, data, or views. The most helpful comments reference a specific portion of the proposal, explain the reason for any recommended change, and include supporting data. We ask that you send us two copies of written comments.
We will file in the docket all comments we receive, as well as a report summarizing each substantive public contact with FAA personnel concerning these proposed special conditions. The docket is available for public inspection before and after the comment closing date. If you wish to review the docket in person, go to the address in the ADDRESSES section of this preamble between 7:30 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
We will consider all comments we receive on or before the closing date for comments. We will consider comments filedlate if it is possible to do so without incurring expense or delay. We may change this proposal for special conditions in light of the comments we receive.
If you want the FAA to acknowledge receipt of your comments on this proposal, include with your comments a pre-addressed, stamped postcard on which the docket number appears. We will stamp the date on the postcard and mail it to you.
Background
On September 18, 2001, Electronic Cable Specialists, 5300 West Franklin Drive, Franklin, WI 53132, applied for a supplemental type certificate (STC) to modify Boeing Model 747-100, -100B, -200B, -200C, -200F, -300, SR, and SP series airplanes approved under Type Certificate No. A20WE. The 747 series airplanes are 231 feet, 10.2 inches long and have a wing span of 195 feet, 8 inches. The height at vertical stabilizer to ground is 63 feet, 5 inches. The passenger load is 366 to 496 passengers, and the range is from 6,100 to 7,700 statute miles. The modification incorporates the installation of triple Honeywell Classic Navigator Systems. Each system consists of a Honeywell HT9100 Navigation Management System, an Inertial Reference Unit, and a Digital to Analog Adapter. These advanced systems use electronics to a far greater extent than the original Inertial Navigation Systems and may be more susceptible to electrical and magnetic interference caused by high-intensity radiated fields (HIRF). This disruption of signals could result in loss of attitude or present misleading information to the pilot.
Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of 14 CFR 21.101, Electronic Cable Specialists must show that the Boeing Model 747-100, -100B, -200B, -200C, -200F, - 300, SR, and SP series airplanes, as changed, continue to meet the applicable provisions of the regulations incorporated by reference in Type Certificate No. A20WE, or the applicable regulations in effect on the date of application for the change. The regulations incorporated by reference in the type certificate are commonly referred to as the ``original type certification basis.'' The certification basis for the modified Boeing Model 747-100, -100B, -200B, -200C, -200F, -300, SR, and SP series airplanes includes 14 CFR part 25, dated February 1, 1965, as amended by amendments 25-1 through 25-77, except for special conditions and exceptions noted in Type Certificate Data Sheet (TCDS) A20WE.
If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness regulations (that is, 14 CFR part 25, as amended) do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for the Boeing Model 747-100, -100B, -200B, -200C, -200F, -300, SR, and SP series airplanes because of novel or unusual design features, special conditions are prescribed under the provisions of 14 CFR 21.16.
In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special conditions, the Boeing Model 747-100, -100B, -200B, -200C, -200F, -300, SR, and SP series airplanes must comply with the fuel vent and exhaust emission requirement of 14 CFR part 34 and the noise certification requirement of part 36.
Special conditions, as defined in 14 CFR 11.19, are issued in accordance with Sec. 11.38, and become part of the type certification basis in accordance with 14 CFR 21.101(b)(2).
Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which they are issued. Should Electronic Cable Specialists apply at a later date for a supplemental type certificate to modify any other model already included on the same type certificate to incorporate the same novel or unusual design features, these special conditions would also apply to the other model under the provisions of 14 CFR 21.101(a)(1).
Novel or Unusual Design Features
The Boeing Model 747-100, -100B, -200B, -200C, -200F, -300, SR, and SP series airplanes will incorporate triple Honeywell Classic Navigator Systems, which perform critical functions. Each system consists of a Honeywell HT9100 Navigation Management System, an Inertial Reference Unit, and a Digital to Analog Adapter. Because these advanced systems use electronics to a far greater extent than the original Inertial Navigation Systems, they may be more susceptible to electrical and magnetic interference caused by high-intensity radiated fields (HIRF) external to the airplane. The current airworthiness standards (14 CFR part 25) do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards that address protecting this equipment from the adverse effects of HIRF. Accordingly, these instruments are considered to be a novel or unusual design feature.
Discussion
There is no specific regulation that addresses protection requirements for electrical and electronic systems from HIRF. Increased power levels from ground-based radio transmitters and the growing use of sensitive avionics/electronics and electrical systems to command and control airplanes have made it necessary to provide adequate protection.
To ensure that a level of safety is achieved equivalent to that intended by the regulations incorporated by reference, special conditions are needed for the Boeing Model 747-100, -100B, -200B, - 200C, -200F, -300, SR, and SP series airplanes modified to include the new navigation system. These special conditions will require that the new Honeywell Classic Navigator Systems, which perform critical functions, be designed and installed to preclude component damage and interruption of function due to both the direct and indirect effects of HIRF.
High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF)
With the trend toward increased power levels from ground-based transmitters, plus the advent of space and satellite communications, coupled with electronic command and control of the airplane, the immunity of critical digital avionic/electronics and electrical systems to HIRF must be established.
It is not possible to precisely define the HIRF to which the airplane will be exposed in service. There is also uncertainty concerning the effectiveness of airframe shielding for HIRF. Furthermore, coupling of electromagnetic energy to cockpit-installed equipment through the cockpit window apertures is undefined. Based on surveys and analysis of existing HIRF emitters, an adequate level of protection
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exists when compliance with the HIRF protection special condition is shown in accordance with either paragraph 1 OR 2 below:
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A minimum threat of 100 volts rms (root-mean-square) per meter electric field strength from 10 KHz to 18 GHz.
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The threat must be applied to the system elements and their associated wiring harnesses without the benefit of airframe shielding.
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Demonstration of this level of protection is established through system tests and analysis.
-
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A threat external to the airframe of the field strengths indicated in Table 1 for the frequency ranges indicated. Both peak and average field strength components from Table 1 are to be demonstrated.
Table 1
Field strength (volts per meter) Frequency
--------------------- Peak Average
10 kHz--100 kHz...................................
50
50 100 kHz--500 kHz..................................
50
50 500 kHz--2 MHz....................................
50
50 2 MHz--30 MHz.....................................
100
100 30 MHz--70 MHz....................................
50
50 70 MHz--100 MHz...................................
50
50 100 MHz--200 MHz..................................
100
100 200 MHz--400 MHz..................................
100
100 400 MHz--700 MHz..................................
700
50 700 MHz--1 GHz....................................
700
100 1 GHz--2 GHz...................................... 2000
200 2 GHz--4 GHz...................................... 3000
200 4 GHz--6 GHz...................................... 3000
200 6 GHz--8 GHz...................................... 1000
200 8 GHz--12 GHz..................................... 3000
300 12 GHz--18 GHz.................................... 2000
200 18 GHz--40 GHz....................................
600 200
The field strengths are expressed in terms of peak of the root-mean- square (rms) over the complete modulation period.
The threat levels identified above are the result of an FAA review of existing studies on the subject of HIRF, in light of the ongoing work of the Electromagnetic Effects Harmonization Working Group of the Aviation Rulemaking Advisory Committee.
Applicability
As discussed above, these special conditions are applicable to Boeing Model 747-100, -100B, -200B, -200C, -200F, -300, SR, and SP series airplanes modified by Electronic Cable Specialists to include the Honeywell Classic Navigator Systems. Should Electronic Cable Specialists apply at a later date for a supplemental type certificate to modify any other model already included on Type Certificate A20WE to incorporate the same novel or unusual design features, these special conditions would apply to that model as well under the provisions of 14 CFR 21.101(a)(1).
Conclusion
This action affects only certain design features on Boeing Model 747-100, -100B, -200B, -200C, -200F, -300, SR, and SP series airplanes modified by Electronic Cable Specialists. It is not a rule of general applicability and affects only the applicant who applied to the FAA for approval of these features on the airplane.
The substance of the special conditions for this airplane has been subjected to the notice and comment procedure in several prior instances and has been derived without substantive change from those previously issued. Because a delay would significantly affect the certification of the airplane, which is imminent, the FAA has determined that prior public notice and comment are unnecessary and impracticable, and good cause exists for adopting these special conditions upon issuance. The FAA is requesting comments to allow interested persons to submit views that may not have been submitted in response to the prior opportunities for comment described above.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701, 44702, 44704.
The Special Conditions
Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of the supplemental type certification basis for Boeing Model 747-100, - 100B, -200B, -200C, -200F, -300, SR, and SP series airplanes modified by Electronic Cable Specialists.
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Protection from Unwanted Effects of High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF). Each electrical and electronic system that performs critical functions must be designed and installed to ensure that the operation and operational capability of these systems to perform critical functions are not adversely affected when the airplane is exposed to high-intensity radiated fields.
-
For the purpose of these special conditions, the following definition applies:
Critical Functions. Functions whose failure would contribute to or cause a failure condition that would prevent the continued safe flight and landing of the airplane.
Issued in Renton, Washington, on January 25, 2002. Ali Bahrami, Acting Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 02-3129Filed2-7-02; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4910-13-P
