Airworthiness standards: Special conditions Sabreliner Model NA-265-60 airplanes,
[Federal Register: December 13, 2005 (Volume 70, Number 238)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Page 73559-73561]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr13de05-3]
DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
Federal Aviation Administration
14 CFR Part 25
[Docket No. NM336; Special Conditions No. 25-309-SC]
Special Conditions: Sabreliner Model NA-265-60 Airplanes; High- Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF).
AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT.
ACTION: Final special conditions; request for comments.
SUMMARY: These special conditions are issued for Sabreliner Model NA- 265-60 airplanes modified by Flight Research, Inc. These modified airplanes will have a novel or unusual design feature when compared to the state of technology envisioned in the airworthiness standards for transport category airplanes. The modification incorporates the installation of altimeter/air data display units manufactured by Innovative Solutions and Support, Inc. These display units perform critical functions. The applicable airworthiness regulations do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for the protection of these systems from the effects of high-intensity radiated fields (HIRF). These special conditions contain the additional safety standards that the Administrator considers necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by the existing airworthiness standards.
DATES: The effective date of these special conditions is December 5, 2005. We must receive your comments by January 12, 2006.
ADDRESSES: You must mail two copies of your comments to: Federal Aviation Administration, Transport Airplane Directorate, Attention: Rules Docket (ANM-113), Docket No. NM336, 1601 Lind Avenue, SW., Renton, Washington 98055-4056. You may deliver two copies to the Transport Airplane Directorate at the above address. You must mark your comments: Docket No. NM336. You can inspect comments in the Rules Docket weekdays, except Federal Holidays, between 7:30 a.m. and 4 p.m.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Greg Dunn, FAA, Airplane and Flight Crew Interface Branch, ANM-111, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue SW., Renton, Washington 98055-4056; telephone (425) 227-2799; facsimile (425) 227- 1320.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Comments Invited
The FAA has determined that notice and opportunity for prior public comment is impracticable because these procedures would significantly delay certification of the airplane and thus delivery of the affected aircraft. In addition, the substance of these special conditions has been subject to the public comment process in several prior instances with no substantive comments received. The FAA therefore finds that good cause exists for making these special conditions effective upon issuance; however, we invite interested people to take part in this rulemaking by sending written comments, data, or views. The most helpful comments reference a specific portion of the special conditions, explain the reason for any recommended change, and include supporting data. We ask that you send us two copies of written comments.
We will file in the docket all comments we receive, as well as a report summarizing each substantive public contact with FAA personnel concerning these special conditions. You may inspect the docket before and after the comment closing date. If you wish to review the docket in person, go to the address in the ADDRESSES section of this preamble between 7:30 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays.
We will consider all comments we receive on or before the closing date for comments. We will consider comments filed late if it is possible to do so without incurring expense or delay. We may change these special conditions based on the comments we receive.
If you want the FAA to acknowledge receipt of your comments on these special conditions, include with your comments a pre-addressed, stamped postcard on which the docket number appears. We will stamp the date on the postcard and mail it back to you.
Background
On May 6, 2005, Flight Research, Inc., 1062 Flight Line, Hangar 161, Mojave, California 93501, applied for a Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) to modify Sabreliner Model NA-265-60 airplanes. These models are currently approved under Type Certificate No. A2WE. The Sabreliner Model NA-265-60 is a transport category airplane powered by two Pratt and Whitney Turbo Wasp JT12A-8 engines. The maximum takeoff weight is 20,172 pounds. These airplanes operate with a 2-person crew and can seat up to 10 passengers. The modification incorporates the installation of altimeter/air data display units manufactured by Innovative Solutions and Support, Inc. The avionics/electronics and electrical systems installed in this airplane have the potential to be vulnerable to high-intensity radiated fields (HIRF) external to the airplane.
Type Certification Basis
Under the provisions of 14 CFR 21.101, Flight Research, Inc. must show that the Sabreliner Model NA-265-60, as changed, continues to meet the applicable provisions of the regulations incorporated by reference in Type Certificate No. A2WE, or the applicable regulations in effect on the date of application for the change. The regulations incorporated by reference in the type certificate are commonly referred to as the ``original type certification basis.'' The certification basis for the Sabreliner Model NA-265-60 airplanes includes Civil Aeronautics Manual 4b, as amended by Amendment 4b-1 through Amendment 4b-9, Special Civil Air Regulation No. SR 422B Item 2, the Special Conditions set forth in Attachment ``A'' of FAA letter to NAA [North American Aviation] dated October 8, 1959, and FAA letter to NAA dated January 30, 1962.
If the Administrator finds that the applicable airworthiness regulations
[[Page 73560]]
(i.e., part 25, as amended) do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for the Sabreliner Model NA-265-60 airplanes because of a novel or unusual design feature, special conditions are prescribed under Sec. 21.16.
In addition to the applicable airworthiness regulations and special conditions, the Sabreliner Model NA-265-60 airplanes must comply with the fuel vent and exhaust emission requirements of 14 CFR part 34 and the noise certification requirements of 14 CFR part 36.
Special conditions, as defined in 14 CFR 11.19, are issued under Sec. 11.38 and become part of the type certification basis under Sec. 21.101.
Special conditions are initially applicable to the model for which they are issued. Should Flight Research, Inc. apply at a later date for a supplemental type certificate to modify any other model included on Type Certificate No. A2WE to incorporate the same or similar novel or unusual design feature, these special conditions would also apply to the other model under Sec. 21.101.
Novel or Unusual Design Features
As noted earlier, the Sabreliner Model NA-265-60 airplanes modified by Flight Research, Inc. will incorporate altimeter/air data display units that will perform critical functions. These display units may be vulnerable to high-intensity radiated fields external to the airplane. The current airworthiness standards of part 25 do not contain adequate or appropriate safety standards for the protection of this equipment from the adverse effects of HIRF. Accordingly, these systems are considered to be a novel or unusual design feature.
Discussion
There is no specific regulation that addresses protection requirements for electrical and electronic systems from HIRF. Increased power levels from ground-based radio transmitters and the growing use of sensitive avionics/electronics and electrical systems to command and control airplanes have made it necessary to provide adequate protection.
To ensure that a level of safety is achieved equivalent to that intended by the regulations incorporated by reference, special conditions are needed for the Sabreliner Model NA-265-60 airplanes modified by Flight Research, Inc. These special conditions require that new avionics/electronics and electrical systems that perform critical functions be designed and installed to preclude component damage and interruption of function due to both the direct and indirect effects of HIRF.
High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF)
With the trend toward increased power levels from ground-based transmitters, and the advent of space and satellite communications coupled with electronic command and control of the airplane, the immunity of critical avionics/electronics and electrical systems to HIRF must be established.
It is not possible to precisely define the HIRF to which the airplane will be exposed in service. There is also uncertainty concerning the effectiveness of airframe shielding for HIRF. Furthermore, coupling of electromagnetic energy to cockpit-installed equipment through the cockpit window apertures is undefined. Based on surveys and analysis of existing HIRF emitters, an adequate level of protection exists when compliance with the HIRF protection special condition is shown with either paragraph 1 or 2 below:
-
A minimum threat of 100 volts rms (root-mean-square) per meter electric field strength from 10 KHz to 18 GHz.
-
The threat must be applied to the system elements and their associated wiring harnesses without the benefit of airframe shielding.
-
Demonstration of this level of protection is established through system tests and analysis.
-
-
A threat external to the airframe of the field strengths identified in the table below for the frequency ranges indicated. Both peak and average field strength components from the table are to be demonstrated.
Field Strength (volts per meter) Frequency
------------------------- Peak Average
10 kHz-100 kHz................................
50
50 100 kHz-500 kHz...............................
50
50 500 kHz-2 MHz.................................
50
50 2 MHz-30 MHz..................................
100
100 30 MHz-70 MHz.................................
50
50 70 MHz-100 MHz................................
50
50 100MHz-200 MHz................................
100
100 200 MHz-400 MHz...............................
100
100 400 MHz-700 MHz...............................
700
50 700 MHz-1 GHz.................................
700
100 1 GHz-2 GHz...................................
2000
200 2 GHz-4 GHz...................................
3000
200 4 GHz-6 GHz...................................
3000
200 6 GHz-8 GHz...................................
1000
200 8 GHz-12 GHz..................................
3000
300 12 GHz-18 GHz.................................
2000
200 18 GHz-40 GHz.................................
600
200
The field strengths are expressed in terms of peak of the root-mean- square (rms) over the complete modulation period.
The threat levels identified above are the result of an FAA review of existing studies on the subject of HIRF, in light of the ongoing work of the Electromagnetic Effects Harmonization Working Group of the Aviation Rulemaking Advisory Committee.
Applicability
As discussed above, these special conditions are applicable to Sabreliner Model NA-265-60 airplanes modified by Flight Research, Inc. Should Flight Research, Inc. apply at a later date for a supplemental type certificate to modify any other model included on Type Certificate No. A2WE to incorporate the same or similar novel or unusual design feature, these special conditions would apply to that model as well under provisions of Sec. 21.101.
[[Page 73561]]
Conclusion
This action affects only certain novel or unusual design features on Sabreliner Model NA-265-60 airplanes modified by Flight Research, Inc. It is not a rule of general applicability and affects only the applicant who applied to the FAA for approval of these features on the airplane.
The substance of these special conditions has been subjected to the notice and comment procedure in several prior instances and has been derived without substantive change from those previously issued. Because a delay would significantly affect the certification of the airplane, which is imminent, the FAA has determined that prior public notice and comment are unnecessary and impracticable, and good cause exists for adopting these special conditions upon issuance. The FAA is requesting comments to allow interested persons to submit views that may not have been submitted in response to the prior opportunities for comment described above.
List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25
Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements.
0 The authority citation for these special conditions is as follows:
Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701, 44702, 44704.
The Special Conditions
0 Accordingly, pursuant to the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the following special conditions are issued as part of the supplemental type certification basis for the Sabreliner Model NA- 265-60 airplanes modified by Flight Research, Inc.
-
Protection from Unwanted Effects of High-Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF). Each electrical and electronic system that performs critical functions must be designed and installed to ensure that the operation and operational capability of these systems to perform critical functions are not adversely affected when the airplane is exposed to high-intensity radiated fields.
-
For the purpose of these special conditions, the following definition applies: Critical Functions: Functions whose failure would contribute to or cause a failure condition that would prevent the continued safe flight and landing of the airplane.
Issued in Renton, Washington, on December 5, 2005. Kevin M. Mullin, Acting Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft Certification Service.
[FR Doc. 05-23935 Filed 12-12-05; 8:45 am]
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