Energy Conservation Program:
Federal Register: September 16, 2010 (Volume 75, Number 179)
Proposed Rules
Page 56795-56832
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
DOCID:fr16se10-16
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Part III
Department of Energy
10 CFR Parts 429, 430 and 431
Energy Conservation Program: Certification, Compliance, and Enforcement for Consumer Products and Commercial and Industrial Equipment; Proposed
Rule
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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY 10 CFR Parts 429, 430 and 431
Docket No. EERE-2010-BT-CE-0014
RIN 1904-AC23
Energy Conservation Program: Certification, Compliance, and
Enforcement for Consumer Products and Commercial and Industrial
Equipment
AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of
Energy.
ACTION: Notice of proposed rulemaking and public meeting.
SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE or the ``Department'') is proposing to revise and expand its existing certification, compliance, and enforcement regulations for certain consumer products and commercial and industrial equipment covered under the Energy Policy and
Conservation Act of 1975, as amended (EPCA or the ``Act''). These regulations provide for sampling plans used in determining compliance with existing standards, manufacturer submission of compliance statements and certification reports to DOE, maintenance of compliance records by manufacturers, and the availability of enforcement actions for improper certification or noncompliance with an applicable standard. Ultimately, these proposals will allow DOE to systematically enforce applicable energy and water conservation standards for covered products and covered equipment and provide for more accurate, comprehensive information about the energy and water use characteristics of products sold in the United States. Additionally, today's notice announces a public meeting on the proposed amendments.
DATES: DOE will hold a public meeting on Thursday, September 23, 2010, from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m., in Washington, DC. DOE must receive requests to speak at the public meeting before 4 p.m., Thursday, September 23, 2010. Additionally, DOE plans to conduct the public meeting via webinar. To participate via webinar, DOE must be notified by no later than Thursday, September 16, 2010. Participants seeking to present statements in person during the meeting must submit to DOE a signed original and an electronic copy of statements to be given at the public meeting before 4 p.m., Thursday, September 23, 2010.
DOE will accept comments, data, and information regarding this notice of proposed rulemaking (NOPR) before and after the public meeting but no later than October 18, 2010. See section V, ``Public
Participation,'' of this NOPR for details.
ADDRESSES: Interested persons are encouraged to submit comments using the Federal eRulemaking Portal at http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the instructions for submitting comments. Alternatively, interested persons may submit comments, identified by docket number EERE-2010-BT-
CE-0014, by any of the following methods:
E-mail: CCE-2010-BT-CE-0014@ee.doe.gov. Include EERE-2010-
BT-CE-0014 in the subject line of the message.
Mail: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department of Energy,
Building Technologies Program, Mailstop EE-2J, Revisions to Energy
Efficiency Enforcement Regulations, EERE-2010-BT-CE-0014, 1000
Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585-0121. Phone: (202) 586- 2945. Please submit one signed paper original.
Hand Delivery/Courier: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department of Energy, Building Technologies Program, 6th Floor, 950 L'Enfant
Plaza, SW., Washington, DC 20024. Phone: (202) 586-2945. Please submit one signed paper original.
Instructions: All submissions received must include the agency name and docket number or RIN for this rulemaking. Note that all comments received will be posted without change, including any personal information provided.
Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents, or comments received, go to the Federal eRulemaking Portal at http:// www.regulations.gov.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ms. Ashley Armstrong, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building
Technologies Program, EE-2J, 1000 Independence Avenue, SW., Washington,
DC 20585-0121. Telephone: 202-586-6590. E-mail:
Ashley.Armstrong@ee.doe.gov; and Ms. Celia Sher, U.S. Department of
Energy, Office of the General Counsel, Forrestal Building, GC-71, 1000
Independence Avenue, SW., Washington, DC 20585. Telephone: 202-287- 6122. E-mail: Celia.Sher@hq.doe.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
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Authority and Background
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Summary of the Proposal
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Reorganization of DOE's Existing Certification, Compliance, and Enforcement Regulations
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Applying DOE's Existing Certification, Compliance, and
Enforcement Regulations to Other Consumer Products and Commercial and Industrial Equipment
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Certification
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Enforcement Testing and Adjudication
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Discussion of Specific Revisions to DOE's Certification,
Compliance, and Enforcement Regulations and Comments Received in
Response to the RFI
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Basic Model Provisions 1. Basic Model Certification 2. Basic Model Numbers
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Certification 1. Annual Certification Requirements 2. Filings Consolidation With FTC 3. Revisions to the Reporting Requirements, General 4. Product Specific Revisions to the Reporting Requirements 5. Certifying Entities 6. Third Party Representation 7. Submission of Certification Reports 8. Initial Certification and Notice of Discontinuance 9. Certification Testing a. In-House vs. Independent Testing b. Sampling Procedures for Certification Testing c. Provisions Specific to Commercial HVAC and WH Equipment,
Including the Use of AEDMs and VICPs 10. Records a. Maintenance of Records b. Public Records
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Enforcement Testing and Adjudication 1. Enforcement Testing a. Initiation of Enforcement Action b. Test Notice c. Sampling for Enforcement Testing d. Test Procedure Guidance and Enforcement Testing e. Test Unit Selection f. Testing at Manufacturer's Option g. Cost Allocation for Testing 2. Adjudication a. Improper Certification b. Failure To Test c. Distribution in Commerce After Notice of Noncompliance
Determination d. Knowing Misrepresentation e. Penalties f. Imposition of Additional Certification Testing Requirements as Remedy for Non-Compliance g. Compromise and Settlement
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Verification Testing
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Waivers
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Additional Product Specific Discussions and Issues for Which
DOE Continues To Seek Comment 1. Clarification of Entity Responsible for Compliance for Walk-
In Coolers or Freezers 2. Submission of Data Requirements for Fluorescent Lamp Ballast 3. Certification, Compliance, and Enforcement for Electric
Motors 4. Enforcement for Imports and Exports
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Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
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Review Under Executive Order 12866
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Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act 1. Reasons for the Proposed Rule 2. Objectives of and Legal Basis for the Proposed Rule 3. Description and Estimated Number of Small Entities Regulated
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4. Description and Estimate of Compliance Requirements 5. Duplication, Overlap, and Conflict With Other Rules and
Regulations 6. Significant Alternatives to the Rule
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Review Under the Paperwork Reduction Act 1. Description of the Requirements 2. Method of Collection 3. Data 4. Comments
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Review Under the National Environmental Policy Act
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Review Under Executive Order 13132
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Review Under Executive Order 12988
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Review Under the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995
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Review Under the Treasury and General Government
Appropriations Act, 1999
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Review Under Executive Order 12630
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Review Under the Treasury and General Government
Appropriations Act, 2001
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Review Under Executive Order 13211
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Public Participation
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Attendance at Public Meeting
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Procedure for Submitting Requests To Speak
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Conduct of Public Meeting
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Submission of Comments
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Issues on Which DOE Seeks Comment
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Approval of the Office of the Secretary
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Authority and Background
Title III of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975, as amended (``EPCA'' or, in context, ``the Act'') sets forth a variety of provisions designed to improve energy efficiency. Part A of Title III
(42 U.S.C. 6291-6309) provides for the Energy Conservation Program for
Consumer Products Other Than Automobiles. The National Energy
Conservation Policy Act (NECPA), Public Law 95-619, amended EPCA to add
Part A-1 of Title III, which established an energy conservation program for certain industrial equipment. (42 U.S.C. 6311-6317) \1\
\1\ For editorial reasons, Parts B (consumer products) and C
(commercial equipment) of Title III of EPCA were re-designated as parts A and A-1, respectively, in the United States Code.
Under the Act, the regulatory program consists of three parts:
Labeling, testing, and Federal conservation standards, which include energy conservation, water conservation and design standards. The
Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is primarily responsible for labeling consumer products, and DOE implements the remainder of the program. The testing requirements consist of test procedures prescribed under the authority of EPCA, which are used to aid in the development of standards for covered products or covered equipment, to make representations about equipment efficiency, and to determine whether covered products or covered equipment comply with standards promulgated under EPCA.
Sections 6299-6305, and 6316 of EPCA authorize DOE to enforce compliance with the energy and water conservation standards (all non- product specific references herein referring to energy use and consumption include water use and consumption; all references to energy efficiency include water efficiency) established for certain consumer products and commercial equipment. (42 U.S.C. 6299-6305 (consumer products), 6316 (commercial equipment)) To ensure that all covered products and covered equipment distributed in the United States comply with DOE's conservation standards, DOE has promulgated enforcement regulations that include specific certification and compliance requirements. See 10 CFR part 430, subpart F; 10 CFR 430.23-25; 10 CFR part 431, subparts B, J, K, S, T, U, and V.
On May 7, 2010, the Department published in the Federal Register a
Request for Information (RFI) regarding Revisions to Energy Efficiency
Enforcement Regulations. 75 FR 25121. The RFI requested suggestions, comments, and information relating to the Department's intent to expand and revise its existing energy efficiency enforcement regulations for consumer products and commercial and industrial equipment covered under
EPCA. The comment period for written submissions closed on June 7, 2010.
The record of the RFI reflects that the consideration of many of the procedural changes to DOE's certification requirements and enforcement process are relatively straightforward, while other changes under consideration, such as the creation of a verification testing requirement, raise more complicated and nuanced issues. Even relatively simple changes, however, can greatly advance the effective enforcement of DOE's conservation standards and regulations. Therefore, today's
NOPR focuses on promptly advancing two aspects of the DOE's enforcement regime: Certification requirements and enforcement procedures. In addition, this notice proposes consolidating and standardizing, where possible, all of the certification, compliance, and enforcement requirements for both consumer products and commercial equipment into a new 10 CFR Part 429. In all cases, the Department's goals are to establish a uniform, systematic, and fair approach to certification, compliance, and enforcement that will allow the Department to effectively enforce its standards and ensure a level playing field in the marketplace without unduly burdening regulated entities.
While not addressed here, DOE anticipates addressing the remaining topics outlined in the RFI and additional issues regarding certification, compliance, and enforcement, including verification testing requirements, in a subsequent rulemaking. To that end, today's
NOPR seeks comment on a variety of issues, which will be more fully addressed in a second certification, compliance, and enforcement rulemaking, including: Revisions to sampling plans for certification and enforcement testing, consideration of compliance requirements for other features affecting the energy and water efficiency of a product, additional provisions for imports, voluntary industry certification programs (VICP), verification testing requirements, laboratory accreditation, and rounding. DOE continues to seek views from all interested parties on these issues and how they can be best developed to ensure effective enforcement.
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Summary of the Proposal
In today's notice, DOE proposes to revise its certification and enforcement regulations to encourage compliance, achieve energy savings, and prevent those manufacturers that do not adhere to the rules from having a competitive advantage over those that do. As summarized below, the notice proposes revisions to existing certification, compliance, enforcement, and adjudication procedures applicable to both consumer products and commercial and industrial equipment.
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Reorganization of DOE's Existing Certification, Compliance, and
Enforcement Regulations
With the exception of electric motors, DOE is proposing to move all of the existing certification, compliance, and enforcement regulations currently scattered throughout parts 430 and 431 to a new part 429. DOE has consolidated similar provisions for both consumer products and commercial and industrial equipment into one section. As an example, all of the submission of data requirements that are currently found in 10 CFR 430.62, 431.327, and 431.371 will be found in 10 CFR 429.19 for consumer products and commercial and industrial equipment once DOE's proposals become final. While DOE is not proposing revisions to the requirements for electric motors in today's NOPR, DOE does intend to propose to move and harmonize, where possible, the certification, compliance, and enforcement provisions for electric motors in part 429, as well as add an annual certification requirement, in the second rulemaking.
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Applying DOE's Existing Certification, Compliance, and Enforcement
Regulations to Other Consumer Products and Commercial and Industrial
Equipment
DOE intends to apply certification, compliance, and enforcement regulations to all covered products and covered equipment. Thus, the
Department also proposes to establish certification and enforcement requirements for the consumer products and commercial and industrial equipment that have been added to DOE's programs by either DOE's completion of energy and water conservation standards rulemakings or the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007. These products include fluorescent lamp ballasts, general service incandescent lamps, candelabra base incandescent lamps, intermediate base incandescent lamps, certain types of commercial refrigeration equipment, beverage vending machines, and walk-in coolers and freezers.
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Certification
Existing certification requirements direct manufacturers of covered consumer products and commercial and industrial equipment to certify, by means of a compliance statement and a certification report, that each basic model meets the applicable energy conservation, water conservation, and/or design standard before distributing it in commerce within the United States. See 10 CFR 430.62 (consumer products); 10 CFR 431.36, 430.371 (commercial equipment). For consumer products, much of the information required to be reported to DOE must also be reported annually to the FTC. In light of these similarities in reporting, DOE desires to eventually work towards the creation of a single, annual reporting mechanism for DOE and FTC, as appropriate. While today's notice does not yet propose such a shared annual reporting mechanism for DOE and FTC, DOE is proposing to include an annual reporting requirement for all covered products and covered equipment. DOE has aligned its annual reporting schedule with FTC's reporting schedule for consumer products. Such annualized reporting will provide DOE with more accurate and comprehensive information regarding the industries subject to DOE's regulations and a better understanding of the efficiency characteristics of products distributed in commerce.
In harmonizing the certification requirements for consumer products and commercial and industrial equipment, DOE believes it is also appropriate to provide more transparency in the certification report itself. As currently written, the Department's rules for certification reports do not always provide DOE with a complete set of information to verify that a covered product or covered equipment is compliant with
DOE's regulations. Thus, DOE is proposing to expand the information submitted by manufacturers, including general requirements applicable to all products and product specific requirements. See section 429.19 of the proposed regulatory text for additional details. DOE is also proposing to make clear that all non-proprietary certification information will be considered public information subject to disclosure. By requiring additional relevant data to be supplied in the certification report, DOE will be able to more effectively enforce compliance with the conservation standards. Additionally, the public would have information to use in evaluating the energy efficiency of a covered product or covered equipment. Overall, the proposed revisions have been crafted to balance any incremental reporting burden on manufacturers against the Department's need for comprehensive, timely, and accurate information about regulated products being sold in the
United States.
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Enforcement Testing and Adjudication
In addition, DOE is proposing regulations to make clear the extent of the Department's enforcement authority under EPCA and the
Department's process for exercising that authority. DOE desires to make more transparent the process by which it currently exercises its statutory authority to: (1) Request information, by letter or subpoena, from manufacturers concerning the compliance of a basic model with an applicable conservation standard; (2) test or examine units of a given basic model to determine compliance with an applicable standard; and
(3) take appropriate enforcement action as warranted. To that end, DOE proposes to establish a standardized process for seeking injunctive relief, civil penalties, or other remedies for violations of conservation standards and/or certification requirements. This includes developing a standard method for responding to complaints of non- compliance, notifying the allegedly non-compliant manufacturer of the complaint, and collecting any needed data via enforcement testing.
Revising the current enforcement and adjudication procedures for consumer products and commercial and industrial equipment will provide certainty and clarity to the regulated industry and will ensure that the Department can initiate investigations promptly, respond to complaints effectively, and enforce its regulations in a fair and timely way.
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Discussion of Specific Revisions to DOE's Certification,
Compliance, and Enforcement Regulations and Comments Received in
Response to the RFI
In this section, DOE provides a section by section analysis of its proposed rule. As discussed above, DOE proposes to add a new Part 429 to its regulations to address, in one place, the certification, compliance, and enforcement of conservation standards for both consumer products and commercial and industrial equipment with the exception of electric motors. This new part would set forth the certification, compliance, and enforcement procedures to be followed to determine whether a basic model of a covered product or covered equipment complies with the applicable conservation standard.
DOE received comments from 30 interested parties, including manufacturers, trade associations, and advocacy groups. Specifically, comments were received from: Plumbing Manufacturers Institute, Alsons
Corporation, Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute,
National Resource Defense Council, Appliance Standards Awareness
Project, Bosch and Siemens Home Appliances Group, Heat Transfer
Products, United CoolAir Corporation, Bob McGarrah, Plumbing Americas,
Bose Corporation, Intertek, First Company, National Automatic
Merchandising Association, Mestek, Underwriters Laboratories, Trane,
Sony Electronics Inc., Earthjustice, Delta Faucet Company, Hansgrohe,
Consumers Union, Whirlpool Corporation, Association of Home Appliance
Manufacturers, Shane Holt, General Electric, National Electrical
Manufacturer's Association, Rheem Manufacturing, Friedrich Air
Conditioning Co., and American Standard Brands. These comments are discussed in more detail below. The full set of comments can be found at http://www.regulations.gov.
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Basic Model Provisions 1. Basic Model Certification
Under the DOE's existing energy conservation program, DOE has applied the ``basic model'' concept to streamline certification and compliance and alleviate burden on manufacturers by reducing the amount of testing they
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must do to rate the efficiencies of their products. DOE's intent is that a manufacturer would treat each group of its models that have essentially identical energy consumption or water consumption characteristics as a ``basic model,'' such that the manufacturer would derive the efficiency rating for all models in the group from testing sample units of these models. All of the models in the group would comprise the ``basic model,'' and they would all have the same efficiency rating. For example, a manufacturer can identify as the same basic model black, white, and stainless steel finished dishwasher models with the same features and functions. By contrast, a manufacturer could produce two identical models of air conditioners with essentially the same internal components but which use a different control strategy affecting the energy consumption of the unit as measured by DOE's test procedure. Even though both models have essentially the same physical characteristics, the models have different functional characteristics that affect the energy consumption and efficiency. 10 CFR Part 430.2(11). Thus, these models would be considered by DOE to be two different basic models.
The Department recognizes, however, that additional clarity as to what constitutes ``essentially identical'' energy or water consumption across different model designs or modifications for purposes of a basic model may be helpful for certain types of products and equipment. To provide additional certainty and improve implementation of the basic model concept, the Department seeks comment on how manufacturers determine that a particular model constitutes a basic model.
Sections 430.62(b) and 431.371(b) presently provide for recertification reporting to DOE if there is a change to a basic model that increases energy consumption or decreases energy efficiency. In the RFI, DOE sought input on implementing a recertification requirement whenever there is a change made to a basic model that increases or decreases energy efficiency or energy consumption. Several commenters in the manufacturing sector were opposed to this proposal. These filers stated that such a requirement would discourage producers from introducing product designs that improve energy efficiency and would increase cost and reporting burdens on manufacturers. Other commenters supported recertification if DOE established a threshold percentage that would trigger recertification, or if the recertification requirement was product specific. DOE has tentatively determined not to impose a separate model modification requirement at this time. However, the Department is retaining its requirement that new basic models-- including models that are modified such that they are new basic models--must be certified before distribution in commerce. Accordingly, the Department is seeking comment to clarify what modifications to an existing model make it a new basic model subject to the new model certification requirement.
DOE is interested in information regarding how a manufacturer determines that it has made changes to the features or energy use characteristics of a basic model so as to constitute a new basic model.
Specifically, DOE is interested in the types of potential changes manufacturers may make to a given model and the difference in the energy use characteristics a typical change may have on a per product basis. Additionally, DOE seeks comment on whether it should propose a specific regulation that requires a new basic model declaration and filing when a modification to a given basic model impacts the energy characteristics of the product by a given de minimus percentage. If so, should these de minimus percentages be product specific, based on the manufacturing characteristics of the product and the variability experienced in testing? DOE seeks comment on how these de minimus percentages might change for each covered product and covered equipment. In addition, DOE believes characterizing the types of changes that constitute a new basic model will be particularly useful in the context of a verification testing program (addressed in III.C of this NOPR) in order to determine what fraction of basic models will be tested under the program. See Issue 1 under ``Issues on Which DOE Seeks
Comment'' in section V of this NOPR. 2. Basic Model Numbers
In conjunction with the certification requirement described above for a basic model, DOE proposes to require that manufacturers change the basic model number whenever a new basic model is created. DOE believes this would improve the manner in which basic model numbers are designated so that the number that is provided to DOE for certification is clearly associated with the model number used to identify the unit in the market. This more unified approach to numbering changes would assist the Department and the public in identifying the market-based model number that corresponds with what is certified to DOE.
DOE received comments from three trade associations and three manufacturers in protest of creating a more uniform numbering system.
These groups stated that requiring a uniform numbering system across products, manufacturers, and models is not desirable because it would have high implementation costs and create confusion and that DOE should focus on ensuring that test reports match model numbers, rather than requiring companies to change their model numbering systems to meet DOE needs. One advocacy group commented positively on the proposal. To be clear, DOE's proposal does not mandate any particular system or configuration of numbering models. Manufacturers and private labelers remain free to use whatever numbering system they choose. However, DOE continues to believe that requiring that the model numbering system, whatever it is, include a change in model number for each new basic model will allow for more transparency and consumer awareness. Thus,
DOE proposes to establish a requirement that a new basic model number must be designated when a new basic model is created.
In the RFI, DOE also sought comment on how a basic model should be identified such that the number provided to DOE for certification is clearly associated with the model number used to identify the unit in the market. Accordingly, DOE is proposing to define manufacturer model number as, essentially, the unique identifier for the product as it is sold. As described above, a basic model can subsume multiple manufacturer model numbers. DOE thus suggests that the manufacturer use one of the manufacturer model numbers as the basic model and identify all the manufacturer model numbers that are covered by that particular basic model. DOE believes this will provide further transparency between the certifications received by DOE and the model numbers a consumer sees in the market.
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Certification
DOE proposes the following amendments relating to certification requirements. If DOE has obtained OMB clearance for the information collection prior to issuance of the final rule, these amendments would become effective 30 days following publication of the final rule. The compliance date for the annual filing requirements would be the first day of the first month following the effective date.
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1. Annual Certification Requirements
Under existing DOE regulations, manufacturers of certain covered products and covered equipment must satisfy a one-time certification requirement for each basic model before the basic model can be distributed in commerce. DOE is proposing an annual certification reporting requirement for each basic model of covered product and covered equipment as discussed in section 429.19 of the proposed regulatory text. In order to reduce the reporting burdens on manufacturers, DOE proposes to consolidate the schedule of reporting requirements with the FTC's schedule for consumer products, where possible. DOE determined the proposed annual filing schedule based generally upon the FTC schedule for similar product types subject to annual reporting under the FTC's Appliance Labeling Rule (see 16 CFR 305.8). For commercial and industrial equipment, DOE is aligning similar equipment types with the FTC schedule for consumer products.
For example, a manufacturer of both residential and commercial air- conditioning and heating equipment would be required to submit annually by July 1st under the proposed modifications. DOE believes aligning the reporting schedule for products of similar types will also help reduce the number of times annually a manufacturer has to submit information.
As discussed above, DOE raised the possibility of annual reporting requirements in the RFI, and commenters were fairly equally divided in their responses to this proposal, with approximately half of commenters supporting annual certification and the other half opposed to an annual requirement because it would create additional cost and reporting burdens. DOE finds that the costs for annual filing would be minimal for consumer products, especially since it would be coupled with the manufacturer's FTC submission for the same product. Although DOE acknowledges there could be small incremental costs for additional submissions for certain types of commercial and industrial equipment, these filings are needed to ensure that the Department and the public has accurate and comprehensive efficiency information.
A number of commenters objected to DOE imposing annual testing requirements. For clarification, however, the proposed annual filing requirement is not an annual testing requirement. The proposed revision does not require any new or additional testing to be done. The
Department's pre-existing regulations require that basic models be tested to ensure compliance with the applicable standard before the unit is first introduced in commerce. The annual filing does not require retesting, but rather a yearly submission of the results of the testing already done for all models a manufacturer has in distribution in that year. In this way, annual submission of certification information would assure that DOE has the most current and complete picture of efficiency characteristics of covered products and covered equipment currently in the marketplace. 2. Filings Consolidation With FTC
In the RFI, DOE had discussed the possibility of consolidating filings with FTC and other agencies such as EPA. In response to a discussion of certification reporting requirements in the RFI, four commenters supported simplifying the reporting requirements and suggested creating a shared database between DOE and FTC for all products covered by DOE standards and FTC labels. Three commenters objected to the proposal, arguing that such a requirement would add additional burdens to those industries that do not participate in the
FTC program.
The Department continues to believe that a single Federal database for efficiency information would be of great value. At this time, however, the Department is consolidating its requirements with FTC's schedule only. DOE will continue to consider consolidating filings with the FTC or other government agencies in a future certification, compliance, and enforcement rulemaking. 3. Revisions to the Reporting Requirements, General
DOE is proposing to expand the information it is collecting for certain covered products and covered equipment to include additional details that will help DOE to better enforce its conservation standards. Specifically, DOE proposes to revise what information must be submitted as a part of a certification filing to ensure that the
Department obtains the information it needs to effectively carry out its statutory enforcement obligations without unnecessarily burdening certifying parties. To begin, as a streamlining measure, DOE proposes to include the compliance statement as part of the certification report, rather than a separate filing, to reduce the number of submissions transmitted to DOE. Further, DOE seeks to standardize to the extent possible the basic information required for certification of all covered products and covered equipment, setting out the basic requirements for every certification filing, followed by product- specific information requirements. Along these lines, DOE proposes that the following items be included in certification reports for all basic models of all covered products and covered equipment: the manufacturer name, the private labeler(s)' name (as applicable), the brand name, the basic model number, and the individual model numbers covered by that basic model; the sample size and the total number of tests performed; and the certifying party's U.S. Importer of Record identification numbers assigned by U.S. Customs and Border Protection pursuant to 19
CFR 24.5, if applicable. This information should be readily available to the certifying party and will allow the Department to more effectively monitor compliance, investigate complaints, and take appropriate enforcement action.
Additionally, DOE proposes to require manufacturers to submit information related to waivers, exemptions, and approved alternative rating methodologies along with their certification submissions as appropriate. Manufacturers of covered products and covered equipment that are not covered under an existing test procedure, or that cannot meet a DOE conservation standard, have the option to either seek waivers of the test procedures under existing regulations or seek exception relief from the conservation standard from DOE's Office of
Hearings and Appeals (OHA). DOE proposes to require that manufacturers who obtain a waiver of test procedures or a grant of exception-based standards from OHA specify such information on the certification report submitted to the Department. This will serve to eliminate the current lengthy records review process the Department must now undertake to determine what test procedures or conservation standards apply to a certain basic model. It will also allow a manufacturer to tailor the certification to its situation rather than causing a manufacturer to certify that a product was tested in accordance with the DOE test procedure when the product was not, in fact, tested in accordance with the DOE test procedure. Similarly, DOE also proposes to require that any DOE-allowed alternative method of determining energy consumption or efficiency, such as an Alternative Rating Method (ARM) for untested split-system central air conditioners or heat pumps, or other alternative method of rating, such as
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alternative efficiency determination methods (AEDMs) for commercial heating, ventilating, air-conditioning and water heating equipment
(HVAC and WH) or distribution transformers, be indicated on the certification report to provide a clear picture of the test procedures or exceptions used as a basis for the certification. 4. Product Specific Revisions to the Reporting Requirements
As discussed generally above, DOE is proposing new certification reporting requirements for fluorescent lamp ballasts, general service incandescent lamps, candelabra base incandescent lamps, intermediate base incandescent lamps, certain types of commercial refrigeration equipment, beverage vending machines, and walk-in coolers and freezers.
These annual reporting requirements were generally based upon the existing reporting requirements for certain types of consumer products and commercial and industrial equipment, which require the certification of a basic model before it is distributed in commerce.
In addition, DOE proposes additional product-specific information that should be submitted to DOE as a part of the certification filing for a variety of consumer products and commercial equipment. DOE believes the addition of this information on the certification report for these products will provide a more complete set of information on a covered product or covered equipment and assist the Department in verifying that a covered product or covered equipment is compliant with
DOE's standards. All of the product specific reporting requirements are presented in 10 CFR 429.19(b)(13).
Lastly, DOE is proposing to revise the certification reporting requirements for existing products, where updates have been made to
DOE's conservation standards. For example, DOE is proposing to modify the certification reporting requirements for residential clothes washers to add a water factor reporting requirement starting on January 1, 2011. 5. Certifying Entities
Currently, DOE's certification regulations allow either the manufacturer or private labeler to submit certification reports and compliance statements for each basic model. However, this approach lacks certainty as to who should submit data to DOE for privately labeled products. DOE is interested in removing uncertainty, preventing duplicative filings, and having a more comprehensive set of market data concerning each covered product and covered equipment. Accordingly, it is proposing to require that manufacturers be solely responsible for submitting the certification reports to DOE, which would include data regarding the manufacturer's information, as well as the private labeler's information and/or brand information, where appropriate. By placing the reporting burden on manufacturers, which, by statutory definition, includes importers, DOE would have more certainty that the certification information it receives for a product type is comprehensive. DOE also notes that, as discussed more fully below, a manufacturer would still have the option of electing to have its private labeler act as a third party filer and submit the certification report on the manufacturer's behalf. 6. Third Party Representation
Currently, sections 430.62(e) and 431.371(d) allow a manufacturer or private labeler to elect to use a third party to submit certification reports to DOE. While DOE intends to continue to permit this practice, DOE proposes to make clear in its regulations that it may refuse to accept certification reports from a third party with a poor history of performance (i.e., failure to properly submit reports on behalf of a manufacturer on at least two occasions).
Most commenters were in agreement that third party submission of certification reports should continue to be allowed, with appropriate consequences for poor performance, such as improper certification. In particular, one trade association and one manufacturer asserted that third parties with greater than three failures should be put on probation or completely disallowed to submit reports. Other commenters, including a consumer advocacy group, suggested that manufacturers, and not third parties, should be held accountable for any misfiling by the third party.
The Department agrees there is value in continuing its practice of allowing third party submission of certification reports. However, the
Department proposes to make explicit in its regulations that the manufacturer remains ultimately responsible for submission of the certification reports to DOE. And, as mentioned, DOE's proposal reserves the discretion to disallow a third party filing from a filer with a poor history of performance. 7. Submission of Certification Reports
The Department proposes to make electronic submission of certification reports through the Certification Compliance Management
System (CCMS) found at http://www.regulations.doe.gov/ccms the sole method of submission. The CCMS currently has sample templates for certain covered products and covered equipment available for manufacturers to use when submitting certification data to DOE. DOE plans to have these sample templates for all covered products and covered equipment when it issues the final rule for this rulemaking.
DOE believes the availability of electronic filing through the CCMS system should reduce reporting burdens, streamline the process, and provide the Department with needed information in a standardized, more accessible form. This electronic filing system will also ensure that records are recorded in a permanent, systematic way. DOE notes that it is proposing to remove the certified mail and e-mail options for filing certification data that are currently allowed in DOE's regulations. 8. Initial Certification and Notice of Discontinuance
In addition to the annual certification requirement, DOE proposes to retain the requirement in the existing regulations that any new basic model be certified before distribution in commerce. This initial certification requirement applies to newly manufactured and produced basic models as well as models that have been modified in a way that changes the model's energy use characteristics and thus constitutes a new basic model.
In addition, the Department proposes to require that discontinued models be reported to DOE as part of the next annual certification report period from when production of the model has ceased. A discontinued model is a model that is no longer distributed in commerce. EPCA defines ``distribute in commerce'' as ``to sell in commerce, to import, to introduce or deliver for introduction into commerce, or to hold for sale or distribution after introduction into commerce.'' (42 U.S.C. 6291(16)) Thus, a model has been discontinued when it is no longer being sold, or held out for sale or distribution, by the manufacturer or private labeler. 9. Certification Testing
In-House vs. Independent Testing
The regulations currently permit in-house, as well as independent, certification testing for determining compliance with DOE's performance-based conservation standards. In the RFI, the Department requested comments as to whether all covered products and covered equipment should
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be required to be independently tested for certification purposes. DOE received comments from ten manufacturers and two trade associations in protest of this suggestion. These commenters urged that independent testing would add no additional benefit to consumers, would increase costs and lower profit margins, cause delays which would stifle innovation and competition, and put small manufacturers out of business. DOE received positive comments from one advocacy group in support of the concept, who noted that such testing would ensure a higher level of confidence in manufacturer certification. In view of the above concerns, DOE recognizes that independent testing for purposes of certification may not be appropriate for all manufacturers and all industries. Therefore, DOE is maintaining the current certification testing procedures of allowing both in-house and independent testing. DOE plans to pursue verification testing in a future rulemaking and continues to seek comment on the attributes DOE should consider as part of its verification testing program. See Issue 2 under ``Issues on Which DOE Seeks Comment'' in section V of this
NOPR. The Department believes that a self-certification approach, coupled with an appropriate verification program and robust enforcement, can facilitate compliance without unduly burdening manufacturers.
Sampling Procedures for Certification Testing
Under existing regulations, the sampling procedures for certain consumer products and certain commercial and industrial equipment to be used for certification testing are set forth in sections 430.24, 431.65, 431.135, 431.174, 431.175, 431.197, 431.205, 431.225, 431.265, 431.295, and 431.328. In the RFI, the Department sought comment regarding any needed changes in the current sampling plan for certification testing and the reasons the changes are warranted for a given product. The majority of comments DOE received on this issue were from manufacturers, who were all in agreement that the current sampling plans for certification is adequate and do not require change. Two trade associations commented similarly. Additionally, one advocacy group stated that the sampling plans for certification and enforcement testing should be similar, but may vary in some details including how the samples are procured, or sample size.
For this rulemaking, DOE is consolidating existing sampling provisions in Part 429 and establishing sampling provisions for the types of consumer products and commercial equipment that do not currently have them. Section 323(b)(3) of EPCA, 42 U.S.C. 6293(b)(3), requires a test procedure be reasonably designed to produce results measuring energy efficiency or energy use and not be unduly burdensome to conduct. DOE is proposing the use of a statistically meaningful sampling procedure for selecting test specimens of consumer products and commercial and industrial equipment to reduce the testing burden on manufacturers, while giving sufficient assurance that the true mean energy efficiency of a basic model meets or exceeds the represented measure of energy efficiency. The represented measure of energy efficiency is determined by the manufacturer based on the application of certification testing and DOE's sampling procedures.
DOE reviewed the existing sampling plans for consumer products and commercial and industrial equipment, which provided guidance on how many and which units to test to determine compliance. After reviewing the existing certification and enforcement sampling plans for consumer products and commercial and industrial equipment, DOE is proposing that the manufacturer select a sample at random from a production line and, after each unit or group of units is tested, either accept the sample or continue sampling and testing additional units until a rating determination can be made. As in the existing regulations, DOE does not propose a specific sample size for each product because the sample size is determined by the validity of the sample and how the mean compares to the standard, factors which cannot be determined in advance.
Moreover, DOE believes that testing a randomly selected sample until a determination is reached is a method that arrives at a statistically valid decision on the basis of fewer tests than fixed-number sampling.
As with the existing regulations, DOE is continuing to propose that manufacturers randomly select and test a sample of production units of a representative basic model, and then calculate a simple average of the values to determine the actual mean value of the sample. The confidence limits and coefficients are product specific and intended to reasonably reflect variations in materials, the manufacturing process, and testing tolerances. The proposed sampling plans for certification testing can be found in section 10 CFR 429.9 of the regulatory text.
DOE is continuing to consider further changes to the sampling plans for certification testing of all consumer products, including: (1)
Changes to the product-specific coefficients and the rationale for such changes; (2) whether DOE should continue using sampling plans for certification testing, which provide manufacturers with the option of using the calculated values resulting from applying the criteria set forth in proposed section 10 CFR 429.9 or another representative value meeting the criteria in proposed section 10 CFR 429.9; (3) whether DOE should continue to have different sampling plans for certification testing and enforcement testing; and (4) whether DOE should expand the submission of data requirements in the certification section to include test data and the details of the sampling procedures used for making representations of and certifying compliance with the energy and water use or efficiency.
In addition, DOE is considering adding sampling plans and tolerances for other features of covered products and covered equipment which impact the water or energy characteristics of a product. For example, DOE could add a sampling provision for the measured storage volume of residential water heaters. The representative value of the measured storage volume could then be used in determining the energy efficiency of the product. DOE is seeking comment on this approach, and the methodologies DOE should consider if it decides to extend the sampling provisions to features other than the regulatory metrics. See
Issue 3 under ``Issues on Which DOE Seeks Comment'' in section V of this NOPR. c. Provisions Specific to Commercial HVAC and WH Equipment, Including the Use of AEDMs and VICPs
Currently, DOE's sampling procedures for certification testing of commercial HVAC and WH are based on provisions allowing the use of an
AEDM and whether a manufacturer participates in a VICP. See 10 CFR 431.174-176. DOE is continuing to allow the use of AEDMs for commercial
HVAC and WH equipment once the manufacturer has met the criteria in 10
CFR 429.23 of the proposed rule. Currently, DOE has provisions requiring more stringent criteria for testing and the use of AEDMs for those manufacturers opting not to participate in a VICP. Specifically,
DOE requires non-VICP manufacturers to conduct independent testing, use
DOE-prescribed sampling plans, and obtain DOE approval of its AEDMs (if applicable) before those methods may be used for compliance certification purposes. In addition, DOE requires that non-VICP manufacturers file a
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compliance statement and certification report directly to DOE.
In this NOPR, DOE is proposing to simplify the procedures governing sampling plans for certification testing, voluntary programs, and AEDM verification. Specifically, DOE is proposing one set of procedures for all types of commercial HVAC and WH equipment regardless of participation in a VICP. In particular, DOE is proposing that the sampling procedures currently applicable for non-VICP members be used for certification testing of all types of commercial HVAC and WH equipment and verification of the AEDM. DOE is proposing to allow manufacturers to use both in-house testing facilities and independent laboratories at the manufacturer's discretion for certification testing. Lastly, DOE is continuing to allow third-party certification of compliance statements and certification reports regardless of participation in a VICP. DOE believes this approach treats all manufacturers equally and will simplify the provisions applicable to commercial HVAC and WH equipment.
Even though DOE wants to encourage the use of voluntary industry certification programs, DOE is not proposing modifications to DOE's provisions defining VICPs at this time. However, DOE is considering imposing a verification testing requirement for all product and equipment types. Such a requirement may entail changes to the current provisions governing VICPs in the second certification, compliance, and enforcement rulemaking. DOE thus seeks comment regarding the criteria defining VICPs and the use of VICPs in DOE's certification, compliance, and enforcement programs. Specifically, DOE requests comment about the requirements and details for verification testing programs (e.g., the use of an independent testing laboratory, a specific number of samples randomly tested, etc.) and the actions taken by the VICP in conjunction with DOE when a unit is found to have failed the verification testing program of the VICP. See Issue 4 under ``Issues on Which DOE Seeks
Comment'' in section V of this NOPR. 10. Records
Maintenance of Records
DOE proposes to establish a record retention requirement for certification reports that corresponds to the time period established for retention of test data under sections 430.62(d) and 431.371(d).
This would require certification reports, along with the underlying certification test data that is already required to be retained under sections 430.62(d) and 431.371(d), to be retained by the manufacturer as long as the model is being distributed in commerce and, for discontinued models, for two years from the date that production of a basic model has ceased and is no longer being distributed by the manufacturer. b. Public Records
In response to the RFI, two advocacy groups provided comments in support of making certification data publicly available. To that end,
DOE proposes to clarify in its regulations that the following information submitted pursuant to the certification requirements is considered public information: the manufacturer's name, brand name, model number(s), and all of the product-specific information submitted on the certification report.
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Enforcement Testing and Adjudication
DOE proposes the following amendments relating to its enforcement testing and adjudication requirements. 1. Enforcement Testing a. Initiation of Enforcement Action
Pursuant to EPCA, DOE has authority to initiate enforcement actions to ensure compliance with its standards. The current regulations provide for enforcement testing upon DOE's receipt of written information that a covered product or covered equipment may be violating a standard. DOE proposes to revise its procedures to make clear that, pursuant to section 6296 of EPCA, the Department retains the discretion to request data, test, or examine the standard compliance of any covered product or covered equipment at any time. DOE may initiate enforcement testing on its own and is not required to rely solely on receipt of written information from another entity.
In response to DOE's questions relating to enforcement testing set forth in the RFI, three commenters asserted that DOE should have broader authority to initiate an enforcement proceeding, while six commenters argued that the standard of proof required to initiate a proceeding should be higher. Four commenters said they would support greater flexibility in enforcement procedures as long as plumbing products are excluded from those changes.
After consideration of these comments, DOE continues to believe that it is essential to align its regulations with its broad statutory authority under EPCA to initiate enforcement investigations and actions to determine if a covered product or covered equipment is compliant.
This will ensure that the Department can enforce its regulations in a timely, effective manner as Congress intended. The enforcement program simply cannot be as effective if the Department can only initiate enforcement testing upon the receipt of an external complaint--DOE must be able to monitor compliance and test products at its own discretion.
Furthermore, the ability of the Department to request records, test products, or examine design standard compliance, at any time, is crucial to the deterrent effect of the Department's enforcement efforts. Making clear the Department's authority as established by
Congress to take these actions--in and of itself--will encourage compliance. Thus, the Department is proposing regulations for all covered products and covered equipment that make plain its authority to monitor compliance by requesting data and testing products, at any time, and to initiate enforcement investigations and actions based on a belief that a covered product or covered equipment is not compliant with an applicable standard.
Test Notice
DOE proposes to change the current requirements relating to the time period by which a manufacturer must ship test units of a basic model to the testing laboratory pursuant to a test notice. DOE proposes to reduce the time period from 5 to 2 days, in order to ensure that the enforcement testing process is not unnecessarily delayed. Because select units are already boxed for shipping in most cases, DOE believes this will not impose additional burden on manufacturers.
Sampling for Enforcement Testing
The sampling procedures to be used for enforcement testing are set forth in Appendix B to Subpart F of Part 430, Appendix B to Subpart K of Part 431, Appendix C to Subpart S of Part 431, and Appendix D to
Subpart T of Part 431. Currently, the existing sampling plans for enforcement testing of consumer products require testing an initial sample of four products. Then, depending on the standard deviation of the results of the initial sample, a second sample size of up to 16 additional units may need to be tested to make a determination of compliance or non-compliance. DOE recognizes a sample size of 20 total units may not always be available for basic models that are low-volume and built-to-order. To accommodate these circumstances and reduce burden on manufacturers, DOE proposes to modify the existing
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sampling procedures for consumer products to account for low-volume and built-to-order basic models. DOE has modeled these provisions on the existing enforcement sampling provisions for commercial and industrial equipment, where low-volume and built-to-order manufacturing is more common. Further, DOE proposes to retain the discretion to determine whether the basic model qualifies as low-volume or built-to-order. DOE proposes to make such determination by evaluating the number of units of a given basic model available at the manufacturer's site and all distributors.
Test Procedure Guidance and Enforcement Testing
DOE has launched a new online database offering guidance on the
Department's test procedures for consumer products and commercial equipment. The new database will provide a publicly accessible forum for anyone with questions about--or needing clarification of--DOE's test procedures. This new online resource will also ensure that all manufacturers and members of the public are equally and immediately aware of the Department's interpretations of its test procedures. The database is available here: http://www1.eere.energy.gov/guidance/ default.aspx?pid=2&spid=1.
In response to questions submitted, the Department will develop draft interpretive guidance, post it on the public database, and solicit public comment for a period of 30 days. At the end of that comment period, draft guidance documents may be adopted as final, revised, or withdrawn. Guidance marked as final and posted on the database represents the definitive interpretation of the Department on the questions addressed and may be relied upon by industry and members of the public. DOE wishes to make clear that any test procedure guidance that is marked final on DOE's database will be used by DOE when conducting enforcement testing. e. Test Unit Selection i. Collection Method
In order to allow for maximum flexibility in obtaining test units for enforcement testing and to discourage units from being chosen that may not be representative of the product that the consumer receives,
DOE proposes to revise its test unit selection provisions for enforcement testing to allow DOE to select the units of a basic model to be tested and to provide that, at DOE's discretion, those units could come from the manufacturer, a distributor, or directly from the retailer.
In response to questions in the RFI regarding test unit selection,
DOE received several comments from various parties. One advocacy group, one manufacturer, and two trade associations supported test unit selection directly from retail sources. Another trade association and two manufacturers commented that manufacturers should be given the opportunity to determine where the products can be best selected. In the case of low-volume products, commenters suggested that DOE settle for built-to-order products or manufacturer written assurances.
Reliable enforcement testing requires the selection and testing of an unbiased sample that is representative of the units distributed in commerce. DOE believes that providing Departmental flexibility in the test unit selection method will allow for the most reliable testing.
Therefore, DOE proposes to provide in its regulations that units of a basic model to be tested for enforcement purposes may come from the distributor or retailer, as well as from the manufacturer. With regard to units that are specifically built-to-order or produced in low volume, the Department will determine the most reliable method of selecting units that are representative of those sold to consumers. ii. Selection Process
In selecting test units for enforcement testing, existing regulations require a DOE representative to select a batch sample of up to 20 units, and test units from the batch sample. This requirement was intended to ensure that sufficient units were available for testing and to help prevent bias by requiring random sampling and by the quarantine of units at the outset of enforcement testing. DOE has found that this selection process is not always feasible due to varying production volume and distribution mechanisms. The Department proposes to revise this requirement to allow greater flexibility when selecting a sample for testing. Specifically, DOE proposes that DOE need not select a batch sample when it selects units off the retail shelf. In such circumstances, there is less concern about sample bias and no need to quarantine additional units. The proposed approach will minimize the burden on a manufacturer, while still allowing DOE to obtain a valid sample.
DOE also proposes that, for particular products, the size of the sample selected may vary depending on the statistical sampling procedures that apply to the particular product for enforcement purposes. This variability exists for certain commercial equipment in the current regulations and reflects known variations in materials, the manufacturing process, and testing tolerances. To address production environments, such as build-to-order manufacturing or low volume production requirements, DOE is also proposing a new provision that will allow DOE to make a determination of compliance where a statistically valid sample size cannot be obtained.
DOE proposes to increase the maximum sample size to 21 units in order to account for the test sample needed for certain types of consumer lighting products. Additionally, DOE proposes to allow units tested using the applicable DOE test procedure by DOE or another
Federal agency, pursuant to other provisions or programs, to count toward units in the test sample, so long as the testing is done in accordance with the DOE test procedures and certification testing provisions. In this way, the Department will not have to duplicate efforts already taken by itself or other agencies to test units for compliance. For example, if a unit was tested under the ENERGY STAR verification program, DOE is proposing to allow these test units and results to count towards the sample for enforcement testing. iii. Cost Allocation for Unit Selection
In the RFI, the Department solicited comments on whether the cost allocation for test units should be the same regardless of how the units are obtained (e.g. off-the-shelf or manufacturer provided). DOE received two comments on this issue from manufacturers. In particular, one manufacturer asserted that the cost allocation should be the same regardless of how the product is obtained. On the contrary, another manufacturer argued that DOE should pay the cost if units are selected off-the-shelf. Section 6296(b)(3) of EPCA provides DOE with the authority to require a manufacturer to supply at its expense covered products and covered equipment to DOE for testing. Consistent with this statutory directive, DOE proposes to require manufacturers to continue to assume the expense of supplying basic models for enforcement testing, including reimbursing the distributor or retailer for any units DOE has directly acquired from such distributer or retailer, not to exceed twenty-one units. f. Testing at Manufacturer's Option
In the RFI, DOE requested comments on whether to remove the provision in
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section 430.70(a)(6) relating to testing at the manufacturer's option if a basic model is determined to be in noncompliance with the applicable conservation standard at the conclusion of DOE testing. DOE received five comments from manufacturers arguing that manufacturers should be given the opportunity to request a repeat of the tests. The
Department wishes to clarify that current regulations do not provide for manufacturers to test the same units that DOE has already tested.
On the contrary, sections 430.70(a)(6) and 431.383(f) merely allow manufacturers to increase the testing sample size. Because manufacturers can perform additional testing on their own at any time, the Department proposes to remove existing sections 430.70(a)(6) and 431.383(f). There is no statutory requirement that manufacturers be given additional opportunities to test units found by DOE to be noncompliant, and the Department believes that such additional testing will only serve to delay the enforcement process. g. Cost Allocation for Testing
In the RFI, DOE solicited comments relating to the distribution of costs for enforcement testing. Currently, enforcement testing is done at the Department's expense. Most commenting manufacturers argued that
DOE should be responsible for paying the cost of testing appliances, while one non-profit organization stated that the manufacturers should bear the cost. Three commenters suggested that DOE should pay if the manufacturer was found to be in compliance, and the manufacturer should pay if it was not. Commenters also urged DOE to limit testing where possible and to conduct targeted challenge testing rather than random tests. One commenter suggested that DOE should create an online testing cost calculator.
DOE tentatively concludes that the cost of enforcement testing should remain with the Department and is not proposing a change at this time. 2. Adjudication a. Improper Certification
DOE proposes to explicitly establish in its rules that a manufacturer's failure to properly certify a covered product or covered equipment and retain records in accordance with DOE regulations may be subject to enforcement action, including the assessment of civil penalties, separate from any determination of whether a covered product or covered equipment does or does not comply with the applicable conservation standard. While existing regulations already provide for enforcement action to be taken for improper certification or upon a determination of noncompliance, to eliminate any uncertainty, the
Department proposes to make clear that a failure to certify covered products and covered equipment in accordance with the DOE rules is an independent violation of EPCA and DOE's implementing regulations that may be subject to enforcement action. b. Failure To Test
The Department proposes to clarify in its regulations that a failure to test any covered product or covered equipment subject to any of the conservation standards would be a violation of the applicable conservation standard. c. Distribution in Commerce After Notice of Noncompliance Determination
DOE proposes to revise its regulations to make clear that a manufacturer or private labeler's distribution in commerce of a basic model after a notice of noncompliance determination has been issued would constitute a prohibited act subject to enforcement action. d. Knowing Misrepresentation
DOE proposes to establish enforcement steps to be taken to address those instances where a knowing misrepresentation has occurred. This may arise where a covered product or a covered equipment meets the applicable conservation standard, but not at the efficiency level that has been claimed. e. Penalties
Existing statutory authority under EPCA allows DOE to assess civil penalties for knowing violations. Under section 6303 of the statute, each unit of a covered product or covered equipment found to be in violation of a prohibited act, such as failure to meet an applicable conservation standard, constitutes a separate violation. For certification requirement violations, per statutory authority and DOE guidance, the Department will calculate penalties based on each day a manufacturer distributes each basic model in commerce in the United
States without having submitted a certification report. DOE proposes to revise its regulations to clearly state this penalty procedure.
Additionally, DOE proposes to explicitly state in its regulations that, consistent with its guidance, it will consider numerous factors in assessing civil penalties, including: the nature and scope of the violation; the provision violated; the violator's history of compliance or noncompliance; whether the violator is a small business; the violator's ability to pay; the violator's timely self-reporting of the violation; the violator's self-initiated corrected action, if any; and such other matters as justice may require. f. Imposition of Additional Certification Testing Requirements as
Remedy for Non-Compliance
As an additional tool to ensure compliance with the DOE conservation standards and regulations, the Department proposes to revise its regulations to provide that the DOE may require independent, third-party testing for certification of covered products and covered equipment where DOE has determined a manufacturer or private labeler is in noncompliance with the certification requirements or applicable conservation standards. g. Compromise and Settlement
The Department proposes to outline the steps to be taken by both parties (DOE and respondent) once a compromise or settlement offer has been made.
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Verification Testing
In the RFI, DOE requested comments relating to a possible new requirement for periodic verification testing by manufacturers that would be applicable to all basic models certified to DOE. This requirement would be used to verify that the units distributed into commerce continue to perform at the certified levels. In particular,
DOE solicited comments on whether manufacturers and/or private labelers should be required to perform verification testing according to certain conditions and criteria. DOE received extensive comments and suggestions on this issue, relating to costs, coverage, unit selection, information flow, testing labs and methodology. At this time, DOE has not yet made a determination as to the development of a verification program and instead has focused its initial efforts on revising its certification, enforcement testing and adjudication regulations. An effective verification program must be carefully crafted to balance the benefits of regularized compliance monitoring against the additional testing burdens on manufacturers. Moreover, such a program must be consistent and fair across all regulated product types, while accounting for legitimate differences in the diverse products covered by EPCA. DOE continues to seek comments about how to best balance the competing interests and achieve the Department's overarching objective of ensuring compliance with the Federal
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conservation standards. Specifically, DOE requests comment about the requirements and details for verification testing programs (e.g., the use of an independent testing laboratory and a specific number of samples that should be randomly tested for each product).
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Waivers
DOE also addressed the possibility of establishing a mandatory waiver requirement in the RFI. This would obligate manufacturers to obtain a waiver where the test procedure does not evaluate the energy or water consumption characteristics in a representative manner or where the test procedure yields materially inaccurate comparative data.
The majority of comments the Department received in response to this information request agreed that DOE has authority to grant waivers, but were divided on whether the waiver requirement will hold new authority or whether it is just replicating an existing process. One commenter in support of the waiver process pointed out that a waiver can act as a sign that a test procedure is out-of-date. Another commenter urged the
DOE to seek advice from relevant trade associations and standards committees before issuing a waiver. A third commenter argued that manufacturers should not be required to obtain a waiver at all if the test procedure does not address a specific product design.
In view of these comments, the Department will continue to monitor the market to ensure that a manufacturer does not receive an unfair advantage due to product characteristics.
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Additional Product Specific Discussions and Issues for Which DOE
Continues To Seek Comment 1. Clarification of Entity Responsible for Compliance for Walk-In
Coolers or Freezers
In response to the test procedure notice of proposed rulemaking for walk-in coolers or freezers (WICFs), several interested parties commented on DOE's interpretation of the compliance testing responsibility associated with the role of ``manufacturer''. 75 FR 186
(January 4, 2010). Consistent with the Department's consolidation of certification and enforcement provisions for all products into one section, we propose to address this issue as a part of today's NOPR.
In the comments on the test procedure notice, Craig cautioned that not holding contractors, end-users, or wholesalers accountable for WICF performance would remove the incentive for these entities to ensure compliance. It suggested that this would put manufacturers, who would be required to demonstrate compliance, at a competitive disadvantage due to testing costs to the manufacturers and cost differences to the end users. (EERE-2008-BT-TP-0014, Craig, No. 1.3.017 at p. 2 and Public
Meeting Transcript, No. 1.2.010 at pp. 140 and 179) Kysor suggested that the general contractor at the end-use site could certify the WICF, as general contractors already go through a certification process for other parts of a building. (EERE-2008-BT-TP-0014, Kysor, Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 1.2.010 at pp. 66 and 75-76) Arctic added that a manufacturer does not have complete control over WICF efficiency because the end-user's behavior can also affect WICF performance.
(EERE-2008-BT-TP-0014, Arctic, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 1.2.010 at p. 80)
Others commented on the role of the installer--that is, the entity who places or constructs the WICF in its end use location--in ensuring compliance with the regulation. Craig, Schott Gemtron, and Bally stated that the installer should be considered the manufacturer and thus be held responsible for ensuring compliance. Bally stated that infiltration in particular depends on the ability of the installer and that Bally does not control the installation procedure. (EERE-2008-BT-
TP-0014, Bally, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 1.2.010 at p. 132)
Schott Gemtron stated that incorrect installation affects WICF performance, which, in its view, should be the responsibility of the installer because WICF manufacturers cannot ensure proper installation.
(EERE-2008-BT-TP-0014, Schott Gemtron, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 1.2.010 at pp. 67 and 139)
Craig agreed that the manufacturer cannot control installation in the field, but Craig also mentioned that testing at the point of installation would be infeasible if every application would need to be tested. (EERE-2008-BT-TP-0014, Craig, Public Meeting Transcript, No. 1.2.010 at pp. 70-71) Craig recommended that DOE define the installer as the manufacturer and hold the installer responsible for compliance, or, alternatively, require that the manufacturer assume responsibility and control of all aspects of the process--including installation--so that the manufacturer could verify that the WICF is tested correctly and meets DOE's requirements. (EERE-2008-BT-TP-0014, Craig, No. 1.3.017 at p. 1 and Public Meeting Transcript, No. 1.2.010 at pp. 23, 25 and 52)
American Panel contended that a requirement for a factory representative to oversee installation would be cost prohibitive to the end user. (EERE-2008-BT-TP-0014, American Panel, Public Meeting
Transcript, No. 1.2.010 at pp. 74 and 79) Kason urged DOE not to consider the installer the manufacturer because installers have no control over system design and components. (EERE-2008-BT-TP-0014,
Kason, No. 1.3.0XX at p. 1) American Panel agreed that the installer should not be part of the testing and certification process set forth by DOE. (EERE-2008-BT-TP-0014, American Panel, No. 1.3.024 at p. 3)
In general, the ``manufacturer'' is the entity responsible for compliance with any DOE performance standard. EPCA defines the term
``manufacture'' as ``to manufacture, produce, assemble or import.'' 42
U.S.C. 6291(10) The breadth of this definition leaves open numerous entities that could be held responsible for compliance with a WICF performance standard. To clarify the application of this term in the case of WICFs, DOE proposes that the term be applied to the entity responsible for designing and/or selecting the various components used in a WICF. The term could apply to different entities in different situations. If an entity physically manufactures all components that comprise the WICF, that entity would be considered the manufacturer.
Alternatively, if an entity physically manufactures some of the components that comprise the WICF and purchases other components from a supplier, and assembles all components into a complete WICF or supplies all components as a complete kit for assembly at a customer's site, that entity would be considered the manufacturer. In this context, a third party that does not manufacture any components but rather chooses the components that comprise the WICF, would be considered the manufacturer of the WICF for purposes of EPCA. DOE believes this addresses Craig's concern that certain parties involved in the manufacture of a WICF could be put at a competitive disadvantage to others.
While DOE recognizes that incorrect installation or use could affect the performance of the WICF, as stated by Craig, Schott Gemtron, and Bally, DOE believes that testing and compliance responsibility in the case of WICFs should not rest with an entity that simply installs this equipment. This is because an entity who solely installs the equipment, and does not make design decisions about the components that are included in the equipment, would not be in a position to certify compliance with the regulations, as suggested by American Panel and
Kason. Therefore, DOE proposes that entities responsible
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for physical installation of the system would not be required to certify compliance if they do not otherwise meet criteria for being considered the manufacturer, assuming that the envelope or refrigeration system is physically assembled in accordance with the applicable technical specifications developed by the manufacturer.
The unique nature of WICFs requires DOE to consider carefully the assignment of compliance-related responsibilities. The high level of customization that appears in a significant number of WICF requires DOE to apply its requirements in a manner that recognizes the issues presented by this market. Accordingly, while DOE could opt to require every entity in the manufacturing chain to certify compliance, or even assign that responsibility solely to the installer, the agency believes that the entity who designs the WICF and/or selects components of a
WICF, is in the best position to ensure that the WICF, when properly installed, will satisfy the required standard. DOE believes that this approach best balances the equities involved with the manufacture and installation of this type of equipment. Accordingly, DOE proposes the following definition of manufacturer of a WICF:
Manufacturer of a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer means any person who manufactures, produces, assembles or imports such a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer, including any person who:
(1) Manufactures, produces, assembles, or imports a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer in its entirety, including the collection and shipment of all components that affect the energy consumption of a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer;
(2) Manufactures, produces, assembles or imports a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer in part, and specifies or approves the walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer's components that affect energy consumption, including refrigeration, doors, lights, or other components produced by others, as for example by specifying such components in a catalogue by make and model number or parts number;
(3) Is any vendor who sells a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer that consists of a combination of components that affect energy consumption, which are not specified or approved by a person described in paragraph (1) or (2) of this definition; or
(4) Is an individual or a company who arranges for a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer to be assembled at his own or any other specified premises from components that affect energy consumption, which are specified and approved by him and not by a person described in paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of this definition.
DOE believes the burden on manufacturers of certifying compliance with these prescriptive standards will be minimal because no test is necessary to determine compliance with most of the requirements. The chief burden imposed by this rule is a certification report burden of providing DOE information to show that the product is in compliance with the design standards in EISA 2007. DOE is proposing that manufacturers use the online CCMS templates that DOE develops. DOE notes that the manufacturer, as defined, will be required to certify to
DOE that the equipment meets the prescriptive requirements, rather than the general contractor as suggested by Kysor, unless the general contractor meets the criteria for being considered the manufacturer.
Furthermore, although the end user's behavior does affect WICF performance as stated by Arctic, DOE will not consider the end user responsible for compliance unless the end user meets the criteria for being considered the manufacturer.
In addition, DOE's regulations for WICF specify a test for one requirement: EPCA contains R-value requirements for insulation and states, ``for the purpose of test procedures for WICF: The R-value shall be the 1/K factor multiplied by the thickness of the panel. The K factor shall be based on ASTM test procedure C518-2004.'' 42 U.S.C. 6314(a)(9)(A)(i)-(ii). This means that ASTM C518-2004 must be used to test foam to determine its R-value. However, for purposes of certifying compliance with the R-value requirements, the manufacturer may elect to use the test procedure to test the foam that they use, or the manufacturer may rely on the results of testing done by a third party on their behalf, for instance, a test lab or the foam supplier.
Nevertheless, the manufacturer is still responsible for complying with the standard. 2. Submission of Data Requirements for Fluorescent Lamp Ballast
Under DOE's existing regulations, fluorescent lamp ballast manufacturers currently are not required to submit compliance statements and certification reports. In March 2010, DOE published a test procedure NOPR that proposed submission of data requirements for fluorescent lamp ballasts that would become effective one year following the final rule publication of such requirements. 75 FR 14288
(March 24, 2010).
In response to that proposal, Earthjustice, the Northwest Energy
Efficiency Alliance (NEEA), Northwest Power and Conservation Council
(NPCC) and several CA utilities supported the addition of submission of data requirements. (EERE-2009-BT-TP-0016; NEEA & NPCC, No. 32 at p. 10;
Earthjustice, No. 14 at p. 1; CA Utilities, No. 13 at p. 3)
Earthjustice added that as there have been no changes made to the test procedure that would require retesting to determine compliance with existing standards, there is no justification for permitting a full year before manufactures must submit data. It cited a precedent (74 FR 65105 (December 9, 2009)) in which DOE allowed a timeline of 30 days for manufactures to submit required certification reports and compliance statements. Earthjustice also commented that DOE should publish a separate final rule to require written documentation of compliance with energy conservation standards on an accelerated timeframe in advance of the full test procedure final rule. (EERE-2009-
BT-TP-0016; Earthjustice, No. 14 at p. 1)
DOE agrees that fluorescent lamp ballasts should be included in the provisions for written documentation of compliance with energy conservation standards on an accelerated timeline. For that reason, DOE is proposing to include provisions for the certification of fluorescent lamp ballasts. The proposed revisions will require that ballast manufacturers follow all existing provisions of subpart F of 10 CFR part 430 and report ballast efficacy factor, power factor, number of lamps operated by the ballast, and type of lamp operated by the ballast. 3. Certification, Compliance, and Enforcement for Electric Motors
As explained throughout the NOPR, DOE has not proposed moving or changing any of the certification, compliance, and enforcement provisions related to electric motors. However, DOE will be considering consolidating the provisions, as applicable, with the proposals from today's NOPR in the second certification, compliance, and enforcement rulemaking. Consequently, DOE is seeking comments on the existing provisions for electric motors, including any previous proposals for small electric motors and any changes DOE should consider in the next rulemaking applicable to these products.
In the next certification, compliance, and enforcement rulemaking,
DOE will consider an annual certification requirement for motors similar to what
Page 56808
it is proposing for all other types of covered products and covered equipment in today's proposed rule. In light of the annual requirement for other products, DOE specifically seeks comment on if and how the certification compliance numbers for electric motors could be modified to clearly demonstrate compliance when there is a change in the Federal energy conservation standards for these products. See Issue 5 under
``Issues on Which DOE Seeks Comment'' in section V of this NOPR. 4. Enforcement for Imports and Exports
As DOE puts an additional emphasis on enforcing its regulatory program, DOE believes that some of the proposals in today's notice will aid in enforcing DOE's regulations relating to products imported and exported from the United States. Specifically, DOE is proposing to modify the label on exported products to read ``NOT FOR SALE IN THE
UNITED STATES'' to make it clear that this product is not for distribution in commerce in the United States. In addition, DOE is interested in seeking comment from interested parties on how DOE could modify its certification, compliance, and enforcement provisions to more effectively enforce at the border. See Issue 6 under ``Issues on
Which DOE Seeks Comment'' in section V of this NOPR.
-
-
Procedural Issues and Regulatory Review
-
Review Under Executive Order 12866
Today's regulatory action is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under section 3(f) of Executive Order 12866. Accordingly, this action was not subject to review under that Executive Order by the
Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA) of the Office of
Management and Budget (OMB).
-
Review Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) requires preparation of an initial regulatory flexibility analysis (IRFA) for any rule that by law must be proposed for public comment, unless the agency certifies that the rule, if promulgated, will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.
As required by E.O. 13272, ``Proper Consideration of Small Entities in
Agency Rulemaking,'' 67 FR 53461 (August 16, 2002), DOE published procedures and policies on February 19, 2003, to ensure that the potential impacts of its rules on small entities are properly considered during the rulemaking process. 68 FR 7990. DOE has made its procedures and policies available on the Office of General Counsel's
Web site, http://www.gc.doe.gov.
DOE reviewed the certification, compliance, and enforcement requirements being proposed under the provisions of the Regulatory
Flexibility Act and the procedures and policies published on February 19, 2003. As discussed in more detail below, DOE found that because a subset of the proposed certification, compliance, and enforcement regulations have not previously been required of manufacturers, all manufacturers, including small manufacturers, could potentially experience a financial burden associated with new certification, compliance, and enforcement requirements. While examining this issue,
DOE determined that it could not certify that the proposed rule, if promulgated, would not have a significant effect on a substantial number of small entities. Therefore, DOE has prepared an IRFA for this rulemaking. The IRFA describes potential impacts on small businesses associated with certification, compliance, and enforcement requirements on covered products and covered equipment.
DOE has transmitted a copy of this IRFA to the Chief Counsel for
Advocacy of the Small Business Administration (SBA) for review. 1. Reasons for the Proposed Rule
The reasons for this proposed rule are discussed elsewhere in the preamble and not repeated here. 2. Objectives of and Legal Basis for the Proposed Rule
The objectives of and legal basis for the proposed rule are discussed elsewhere in the preamble and not repeated here. 3. Description and Estimated Number of Small Entities Regulated
DOE used the small business size standards published on January 31, 1996, as amended, by the SBA to determine whether any small entities would be required to comply with the rule. 61 FR 3286; see also 65 FR 30836, 30850 (May 15, 2000), as amended at 65 FR 53533, 53545
(September 5, 2000). The size standards are codified at 13 CFR Part 121. The standards are listed by North American Industry Classification
System (NAICS) code and industry description and are available at http://www.sba.gov/idc/groups/public/documents/sba_homepage/serv_ sstd_tablepdf.pdf.
This proposed rule potentially impacts manufacturers of almost all types of covered products and covered equipment subject to DOE's energy conservation, water conservation, and design standards.
Table IV--1 Small Business Classifications for Covered Products and Covered Equipment
NAICS definition of small
Total number of
Covered product or covered equipment type
NAICS code
manufacturer
small
(number of
manufacturers employees)
Residential refrigerators, residential refrigerator-
335222
-
divided by 0.97, i.e.,
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.000
Where: x = the mean luminous efficacy of the sample s = the sample standard deviation t0.95= the t statistic for a 95-percent confidence limit for n-1 degrees of freedom (from statistical tables) n = sample size
(ii) For each basic model of general service fluorescent lamp, the color rendering index (CRI) shall be measured from the same lamps selected for the lumen output and watts input measurements in paragraph
(c)(13)(i) of this section, i.e., the manufacturer shall measure all lamps for lumens, watts input, and CRI. The CRI shall be represented as the average of a minimum sample of 21 lamps and shall be no greater than the lower of the mean of the sample or the lower 95-percent confidence limit of the true mean (XL) divided by 0.97, i.e.,
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.001
Where: x = the mean color rendering index of the sample s = the sample standard deviation t0.95= the t statistic for a 95-percent confidence limit for n-1 degrees of freedom (from statistical tables) n = sample size
(14) For each basic model of faucet, a sample of sufficient size shall be tested to ensure that any represented value of water consumption of a basic model for which consumers favor lower values shall be no less than the higher of:
(i) The mean of the sample or
(ii) The upper 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.05.
(15) For each basic model of showerhead, a sample of sufficient size shall be tested to ensure that any represented value of water consumption of a basic model for which consumers favor lower values shall be no less than the higher of:
(i) The mean of the sample or
(ii) The upper 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.05.
(16) For each basic model of water closet, a sample of sufficient size shall be tested to ensure that any represented value of water consumption of a basic model for which consumers favor lower values shall be no less than the higher of:
(i) The mean of the sample or
(ii) The upper 90 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.1.
(17) For each basic model of urinal, a sample of sufficient size shall be tested to ensure that any represented value of water consumption of a basic model for which consumers favor lower values shall be no less than the higher of:
(1) The mean of the sample or
(2) The upper 90 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.1.
(18) For each basic model of ceiling fan light kit with sockets for medium screw base lamps or pin-based fluorescent lamps selected for testing, a sample of sufficient size shall be selected at random and tested to ensure that--
(i) Any represented value of estimated energy consumption or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor lower values shall be no less than the higher of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The upper 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.1; and
(ii) Any represented value of the airflow efficiency or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor higher values shall be no greater than the lower of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The lower 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 0.9.
(19) For each basic model of bare or covered (no reflector) medium base compact fluorescent lamp selected for testing, a minimum sample of no less than 5 units per basic model must be used when testing for the efficacy, 1000-hour lumen maintenance, and the lumen maintenance, a minimum sample
Page 56817
of no less than 6 unique units (i.e., units that have not previously been tested) per basic model must be used when testing for the rapid cycle stress, and a minimum sample of no less than 10 units per basic model must be used when testing for the average rated lamp life. With the exception of the rapid cycle stress test, the units tested in the sample should be the same. For the efficacy, the 1000-hour lumen maintenance, and the lumen maintenance, each unit within the sample must be tested in the base up position unless the product is labeled restricted by the manufacturer, in which case the unit should be tested in the manufacturer specified position. For the rapid cycle stress test, each unit within the sample can be tested in the base up or down position as stated by the manufacturer. For the average rated lamp life test, half of the sample should be tested in the base up position and half of the sample should be tested in the base down position, unless specific use or position appears on the packaging of that particular unit. Any representative value of efficacy, 1000-hour lumen maintenance, lumen maintenance, and average rated lamp life, shall be based on the sample selected at random and tested to ensure that the represented value shall be no greater than the lower of:
(i) The mean of the sample, or
(ii) The lower 97.5 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 0.95.
(20) For each basic model of dehumidifier selected for testing, a sample of sufficient size shall be selected at random and tested to ensure that--
(i) Any represented value of estimated energy consumption or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor lower values shall be no less than the higher of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The upper 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.10; and
(ii) Any represented value of the energy factor or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor higher values shall be no greater than the lower of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The lower 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 0.90.
(21) For each basic model of external power supply selected for testing, a sample of sufficient size shall be selected at random and tested to ensure that--
(i) Any represented value of the estimated energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor lower values shall be no less than the higher of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The upper 97.5 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.05; and
(ii) Any represented value of the estimated energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor higher values shall be no greater than the lower of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The lower 97.5 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 0.95.
(22) For each basic model of candelabra base incandescent lamp and intermediate base incandescent lamp, a minimum sample of 21 lamps shall be tested. Any represented value of lamp wattage of a basic model shall be based on the sample and shall be no greater than the lower of the mean of the sample or the lower 95-percent confidence limit of the true mean (XL) divided by 0.97, i.e.,
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.002
Where: x = the mean wattage of the sample s = the sample standard deviation t0.95= the t statistic for a 95-percent confidence limit for n-1 degrees of freedom (from statistical tables) n = sample size
(23) For each basic model of commercial refrigerator, freezer, or refrigerator-freezer selected for testing, a sample of sufficient size shall be selected at random and tested to ensure that--
(i) Any represented value of estimated energy consumption or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor lower values shall be no less than the higher of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The upper 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.10; and
(ii) Any represented value of the energy efficiency or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor higher values shall be no greater than the lower of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The lower 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 0.90.
(24) A manufacturer must determine the efficiency of each basic model of commercial heating, ventilating, air conditioning, and water heating (HVAC and WH) equipment either by testing, in accordance with applicable test procedures in Sec. Sec. 431.76, 431.86, 431.96, or 431.106 and the provisions of this section, or by application of an alternative efficiency determination method (AEDM) that meets the requirements of Sec. 429.23 and the provisions of this section. For each basic model of commercial HVAC and WH equipment, a sample of sufficient size shall be selected and tested to ensure that--
(i) Any represented value of energy efficiency or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor higher values shall be no greater than the lower of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The lower 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 0.95, and
(ii) Any represented value of energy consumption or other measure of energy usage of a basic model for which consumers would favor lower values shall be no less than the higher of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The upper 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.05.
(25) For each basic model of automatic commercial ice maker selected for testing, a sample of sufficient size shall be selected at random and tested to ensure that--
(i) Any represented value of estimated maximum energy use or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor lower values shall be no less than the higher of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The upper 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.10; and
(ii) Any represented value of the energy efficiency or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor higher values shall be no greater than the lower of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The lower 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 0.90.
(26) For each basic model of commercial clothes washers, a sample of sufficient size shall be tested to insure that--
(i) Any represented value of estimated energy or water consumption or other measure of energy or water consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor lower values shall be no less than the higher of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The upper 97\1/2\ percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.05, and
(ii) Any represented value of the modified energy factor, water factor, or other measure of energy or water
Page 56818
consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor higher values shall be no greater than the lower of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The lower 97\1/2\ percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 0.95.
(27) A manufacturer must determine the efficiency of each basic model of distribution transformer either by testing, in accordance with
Sec. 431.193 and the provisions of this section, or by application of an AEDM) that meets the requirements of Sec. 429.23 and the provisions of this section.
(i) Selection of units for testing within a basic model. For each basic model a manufacturer selects for testing, it shall select and test units as follows:
(A) If the manufacturer would produce five or fewer units of a basic model over a reasonable period of time (approximately 180 days), then it must test each unit. However, a manufacturer may not use a basic model with a sample size of fewer than five units to substantiate an AEDM pursuant to Sec. 429.23.
(B) If the manufacturer produces more than five units over such period of time, it must either test all such units or select a sample of at least five units and test them.
(ii) Applying results of testing. In a test of compliance with a represented efficiency, the average efficiency of the sample, X, which is defined by
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.003 where Xiis the measured efficiency of unit i and n is the number of units tested, must satisfy the condition:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.004 where RE is the represented efficiency.
(28) For each basic model of illuminated exit sign selected for testing, a sample of sufficient size shall be selected at random and tested to ensure that--
(i) Any represented value of estimated input power demand or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor lower values shall be no less than the higher of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The upper 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.10; and
(ii) Any represented value of the energy efficiency or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor higher values shall be no greater than the lower of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The lower 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 0.90.
(29) For each basic model of traffic signal module or pedestrian module selected for testing, a sample of sufficient size shall be selected at random and tested to ensure that--
(i) Any represented value of estimated maximum and nominal wattage or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor lower values shall be no less than the higher of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The upper 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.10; and
(ii) Any represented value of the energy efficiency or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor higher values shall be no greater than the lower of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The lower 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 0.90.
(30) For each basic model of commercial prerinse spray valves selected for testing, a sample of sufficient size shall be selected at random and tested to ensure that--
(i) Any represented value of estimated water consumption or other measure of water consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor lower values shall be no less than the higher of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The upper 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.10; and
(ii) Any represented value of the water efficiency or other measure of water consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor higher values shall be no greater than the lower of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The lower 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 0.90.
(31) For each basic model of refrigerated bottled or canned beverage vending machine selected for testing, a sample of sufficient size shall be selected at random and tested to ensure that--
(i) Any represented value of estimated energy consumption or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor lower values shall be no less than the higher of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The upper 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.10; and
(ii) Any represented value of the energy efficiency or other measure of energy consumption of a basic model for which consumers would favor higher values shall be no greater than the lower of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The lower 95 percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 0.90.
(32) For each basic model of metal halide lamp ballast selected for testing, a sample of sufficient size, not less than four, shall be selected at random and tested to ensure that:
(i) Any represented value of estimated energy efficiency calculated as the measured output power to the lamp divided by the measured input power to the ballast (Pout/Pin), of a basic model is no less than the higher of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The upper 99-percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 1.01.
(ii) Any represented value of the energy efficiency of a basic model is no greater than the lower of:
(A) The mean of the sample, or
(B) The lower 99-percent confidence limit of the true mean divided by 0.99.
Subpart C--Certification
Sec. 429.17 Purpose and scope.
This subpart sets forth the procedures for manufacturers to certify that their covered products and covered equipment comply with the applicable energy conservation standards.
Sec. 429.19 Certification.
(a) Certification. Each manufacturer, before distributing in commerce any basic model of a covered product or covered equipment subject to an applicable energy conservation standard set forth in parts 430 and 431 of this subchapter, and annually thereafter on or before the dates provided in paragraph (e) of this section, shall certify by means of a certification report that each basic model meets the applicable energy conservation standard(s). The certification report(s) must be submitted to DOE in accordance with the submission procedures of paragraph (i) of this section.
(b) Certification report. Manufacturers of covered products or covered equipment must submit a certification report for all basic models to DOE. The certification report shall include a compliance statement (See paragraph (c) of this section.) for each basic model:
(1) The product or equipment type;
(2) Product or equipment class (as denoted in the provisions of part 430 or 431 containing the applicable energy conservation standard);
Page 56819
(3) Manufacturer's name and address;
(4) Private labeler's name(s) and address (if applicable);
(5) Brand name;
(6) For each brand, the basic model number and the individual manufacturer's model numbers covered by that basic model; in the case of external power supplies, when the manufacturer is certifying using a design family, the individual manufacturer's model numbers covered by the design family; in the case of distribution transformers, the individual manufacturer's model numbers covered by the kilovolt ampere
(kVA) grouping;
(7) Whether the submission is for a new model, a discontinued model, a correction to a previously submitted model, data on a historical model, or a model that has been found in violation of a voluntary industry certification program;
(8) The sample size and the total number of tests performed;
(9) Certifying party's U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) importer identification numbers assigned by CBP pursuant to 19 CFR 24.5, if applicable;
(10) Whether certification is based upon any waiver of test procedure requirements under Sec. 430.27 or Sec. 431.401 and the date of such waivers;
(11) Whether certification is based upon any exception relief from an applicable energy conservation standard and the date such relief was issued by DOE's Office of Hearing and Appeals;
(12) Whether certification is based upon the use of an alternate way of determining measures of energy conservation (e.g., an ARM or
AEDM), or other method of testing, for determining measures of energy conservation and the approval date, if applicable, of any such alternate rating, testing, or efficiency determination method; and
(13) For:
(i) Residential refrigerators, residential refrigerator-freezers, and residential freezers, the annual energy use in kilowatt hours per year, total adjusted volume in cubic feet, whether the basic model has variable defrost control (in which case, manufacturers must also report the values, if any, of CTLand CTM(For an example see section 5.2.1.3 in Appendix A to Subpart B of Part 430) used in the calculation of energy consumption), whether the basic model has variable anti-sweat heater control (in which case, manufacturers must also report the values of Heater Watts at the ten humidity levels 5%, 15%, through 95% used to calculate the variable anti-sweat heater
``Correction Factor''), and whether testing has been conducted with modifications to the standard temperature sensor locations specified by the figures referenced in section 5.1 of Appendices A1, B1, A, and B to
Subpart B of Part 430.
(ii) Room air conditioners, the energy efficiency ratio and cooling capacity in Btu/h.
(iii) Residential central air conditioners, the seasonal energy efficiency ratio, the cooling capacity in Btu/h, and the manufacturer and individual manufacturer's model numbers of the indoor and outdoor unit. For central air conditioners whose seasonal energy efficiency ratio is based on an installation that includes a particular model of ducted air mover (e.g., furnace, air handler, blower kit, etc.), the manufacturer's model number of this ducted air mover must be included among the model numbers listed on the certification report.
(iv) Residential central air conditioning heat pumps, the seasonal energy efficiency ratio, the cooling capacity in Btu/h, the heating seasonal performance factor, and the manufacturer and individual model numbers of the indoor and outdoor unit. For central air conditioning heat pumps whose seasonal energy efficiency ratio and heating seasonal performance factor are based on an installation that includes a particular model of ducted air mover (e.g., furnace, air handler, blower kit, etc.), the model number of this ducted air mover must be included among the model numbers listed on the certification report.
(v) Small duct, high velocity air conditioners, the seasonal energy efficiency ratio and the cooling capacity in Btu/h. Small duct, high velocity heat pumps, the seasonal energy efficiency ratio, the heating seasonal performance factor, and the cooling capacity in Btu/h.
(vi) Through-the-wall air conditioners, the seasonal energy efficiency ratio and the cooling capacity in Btu/h. Through-the-wall heat pumps, the seasonal energy efficiency ratio, the coefficient of performance, and the cooling capacity in Btu/h.
(vii) Residential water heaters, the energy factor and rated storage volume in gallons.
(viii) Residential furnaces and boilers, the annual fuel utilization efficiency in percent and the input capacity in Btu/h. For cast-iron sectional boilers, a declaration of whether certification is based on linear interpolation or testing. In addition, the type of ignition system for gas-fired steam and hot water boilers and a declaration that the manufacturer has incorporated the applicable design requirements for units manufactured on or after September 1, 2012.
(ix) Dishwashers, the annual energy use in kilowatt hours per year, the water factor in gallons per cycle, and capacity as described in
Sec. 430.32(f).
(x) Residential clothes washers, the modified energy factor in cubic feet per kilowatt hour per cycle and the capacity in cubic feet.
For top-loading or front-loading standard-size residential clothes washers, a water factor in gallons per cycle per cubic feet must also be reported on or after January 1, 2011.
(xi) Residential clothes dryers, the energy factor in pounds per kilowatt hours, the capacity in cubic feet, and the voltage in volts.
(xii) Direct heating equipment, the annual fuel utilization efficiency in percent and the mean input capacity in Btu/h. Note, vented hearth heaters as defined in Sec. 430.2 must report on or after
April 16, 2013.
(xiii) Gas cooking products, the type of pilot light and a declaration that the manufacturer has incorporated the applicable design requirements.
(xiv) Pool heaters, the thermal efficiency in percent and the input capacity in Btu/h.
(xv) Fluorescent Lamp Ballasts, the ballast efficacy factor, the ballast power factor, the number of lamps operated by the ballast, and the type of lamps operated by the ballast.
(xvi) General service fluorescent lamps, the testing laboratory's
National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) identification number or other NVLAP-approved accreditation identification, production date codes (and accompanying decoding scheme), the 12-month average lamp efficacy in lumens per watt, lamp wattage, correlated color temperature, and the 12-month average Color
Rendering Index.
(xvii) Incandescent reflector lamps, the laboratory's NVLAP identification number or other NVLAP-approved accreditation identification, production date codes (and accompanying decoding scheme), the 12-month average lamp efficacy in lumens per watt, and lamp wattage.
(xviii) Faucets, the maximum water use in gallons per minute or, in the case of metering faucets, gallons per cycle for each faucet and the flow water pressure in pounds per square inch.
(xix) Showerheads, the maximum water use in gallons per minute and the maximum flow water pressure in pounds per square inch.
(xx) Water closets, the maximum water use in gallons per flush.
(xxi) Urinals, the maximum water use in gallons per flush and for trough-type
Page 56820
urinals, the length of the trough-type urinal.
(xxii) Ceiling fans, the number of spends within the ceiling fan controls and a declaration that the manufacturer has incorporated the applicable design requirements.
(xxiii) Ceiling fan light kits with sockets for medium screw base lamps or pin-based fluorescent lamps, the efficacy in lumens per watt.
(xxiv) Ceiling fan light kits with sockets for other than medium screw base lamps or pin-based fluorescent lamps, the features that have been incorporated into the ceiling fan light kit to meet the applicable design requirement (e.g., circuit breaker, fuse, ballast).
(xxv) Torchieres, the features that have been incorporated into the torchiere to meet the applicable design requirement (e.g., circuit breaker, fuse, ballast).
(xxvi) Medium base compact fluorescent lamps, the testing laboratory's NVLAP identification number or other NVLAP-approved accreditation identification, production date codes (and accompanying decoding scheme), the minimum initial efficacy in lumens per watt, the lumen maintenance at 1,000 hours in percentage, the lumen maintenance at 40 percent of rated life in lumens, the rapid cycle stress test, and the lamp life in hours.
(xxvii) Dehumidifiers, the energy factor in liters per kilowatt hour and capacity in pints per day.
(xxviii) External power supplies, the average active mode efficiency percentage, no-load mode power consumption in watts, nameplate output power in watts, and, if missing from the nameplate, the output current in amperes of the highest- and lowest-voltage models within the external power supply design family.
(xxix) Switch-selectable single-voltage external power supplies, the average active mode efficiency percentage and no-load mode power consumption in watts at the lowest and highest selectable output voltage, nameplate output power in watts, and, if missing from the nameplate, the output current in amperes.
(xxx) On or after the effective dates specified in Sec. 430.32, general service incandescent lamps, the testing laboratory's National
Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) identification number or other NVLAP-approved accreditation identification, production date codes (and accompanying decoding scheme), the 12-month average maximum rate wattage, the 12-month average minimum rate lifetime, and the 12-month average Color Rendering Index.
(xxxi) Candelabra base incandescent lamp, the wattage in watts.
(xxxii) Intermediate base incandescent lamp, the wattage in watts.
(xxxiii) Self-contained commercial refrigerators with solid doors, refrigerators with transparent doors, freezers with solid doors, and commercial freezers with transparent doors, the maximum daily energy consumption in kilowatt hours per day and the volume in cubic feet.
(xxxiv) Self-contained commercial refrigerator/freezers with solids doors, the maximum daily energy consumption in kilowatt hours per day and the adjusted volume in cubic feet.
(xxxv) On or after January 1, 2012, remote condensing commercial refrigerators, freezers, and refrigerator-freezers, self-contained commercial refrigerators, freezers, and refrigerator-freezers without doors, commercial ice-cream freezers, and commercial refrigeration equipment with two or more compartments (i.e., hybrid refrigerators, hybrid freezers, hybrid refrigerator-freezers, and non-hybrid refrigerator-freezers), the maximum daily energy consumption in kilowatt hours per day, the total display area (TDA) in feet squared or the volume in cubic feet as necessary to demonstrate compliance with the standards set forth in Sec. 431.66, the rating temperature in degrees Fahrenheit, the operating temperature range in degrees
Fahrenheit (e.g., >= 32 [deg]F, 1) equal to the number of units identified in Sec. 429.41 without the option for additional testing at the manufacturer's option.
(6) For the purposes of paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(5) of this section, available units are those that are available for commercial distribution within the United States.
Sec. 429.47 [Reserved]
Sec. 429.49 Notice of noncompliance determination to cease distribution of a basic model.
(a) In the event that DOE determines a basic model is noncompliant with an applicable energy conservation standard, or if a manufacturer or private labeler determines a basic model to be in noncompliance, DOE may issue a notice of noncompliance determination to the manufacturer or private labeler. This notice of noncompliance determination will notify the manufacturer or private labeler of its obligation to:
(1) Immediately cease distribution in commerce of the basic model.
(2) Give immediate written notification of the determination of noncompliance to all persons to whom the manufacturer has distributed units of the basic model manufactured since the date of the last determination of compliance.
(3) Pursuant to a request made by the Secretary, provide DOE within 30 days of the request, records, reports and other documentation pertaining to the acquisition, ordering, storage, shipment, or sale of a basic model determined to be in noncompliance.
(b) In the event that DOE determines a model is noncompliant with an applicable certification requirement, or if a manufacturer or private labeler determines a model to be in noncompliance with the certification requirements, DOE may issue a notice of noncompliance determination to the manufacturer or private labeler. This notice of noncompliance determination will notify the manufacturer or private labeler of its obligation to:
(1) Immediately cease distribution in commerce of the basic model.
(2) Pursuant to a request made by the Secretary, provide DOE within 30 days of the request, records, reports and other documentation pertaining to the acquisition, ordering, storage, shipment, or sale of a basic model determined to be in noncompliance.
(c) If a manufacturer or private labeler fails to comply with the required actions in the notice of noncompliance determination as set forth in paragraphs (a) or (b) of this section, the Secretary may seek, among other remedies, injunctive action and civil penalties, where appropriate.
(d) The manufacturer may modify a basic model determined to be noncompliant with an applicable energy conservation standard in such manner as to make it comply with the applicable standard. Such modified basic model shall then be treated as a new basic model and must be certified in accordance with the provisions of this part; except that in addition to satisfying all requirements of this part, the manufacturer shall also maintain, and provide upon request made by the
Secretary, records that demonstrate that modifications have been made to all units of the new basic model prior to distribution in commerce.
Sec. 429.51 Additional certification testing requirements.
Pursuant to Sec. 429.31(b)(2), if DOE determines that independent, third-party testing is necessary to ensure a manufacturer's compliance with the rules of this part 429, part 430, or part 431 of this subchapter, a manufacturer must base its certification of a basic model under subpart C of this part on independent, third-party laboratory testing.
Sec. 429.53 Injunctions.
If the Secretary has reason to seek an injunction under the Act:
(a) DOE will notify the manufacturer, private labeler or any other person as required, of the prohibited act at issue and the Secretary's intent to seek a judicial order enjoining the manufacturer, private labeler or any other person as required from engaging in the prohibited act unless the manufacturer, private labeler or any other person as required, delivers to DOE within 15 calendar days a corrective action and compliance plan, satisfactory to DOE, of the steps it will take to ensure that the prohibited conduct ceases. DOE will monitor the implementation of such plan.
(b) If the manufacturer, private labeler or any other person as required, fails to cease engaging in the prohibited conduct or fails to provide a satisfactory corrective action and compliance plan, the
Secretary may seek an injunction.
(c) The Secretary shall determine whether the facts of the case warrant the assessment of civil penalties for knowing violations.
Sec. 429.55 Maximum civil penalty.
Any person who knowingly violates any provision of Sec. 429.31(a) of this part may be subject to assessment of a civil penalty of no more than $200 for each violation. As to Sec. 429.31(a)(1) with respect to failure to certify, and as to Sec. 429.31(a)(2), (5) through (9), each unit of a covered product or covered equipment distributed in violation of such paragraph shall constitute a separate violation. For violations of Sec. 429.31(a)(1), (3), and (4), each day of noncompliance shall constitute a separate violation for each basic model at issue.
Sec. 429.57 Penalty considerations.
DOE will assess a civil penalty under this subpart taking the following into account:
(a) The nature and scope of the violation;
(b) The provision violated;
(c) The violator's history of compliance or non-compliance;
(d) Whether the violator is a small business;
(e) The violator's ability to pay;
(f) The violator's timely self-reporting of the violation, if any;
(g) The violator's self-initiated corrected action, if any; and
(h) Such other matters as justice may require.
Sec. 429.59 Notice of proposed civil penalty.
(a) Before issuing an order assessing a civil penalty against any person under this section, the Secretary shall provide to such person notice of the proposed penalty.
(b) The notice of proposed penalty will:
(1) Include the amount of the proposed penalty;
(2) Include a statement of the material facts constituting the alleged violation; and
(3) Inform the person of the opportunity to elect in writing within 30 calendar days of receipt of the notice to have the procedures of
Sec. 429.65 (in lieu
Page 56828
of those of Sec. 429.63) apply with respect to the penalty.
Sec. 429.61 Election of procedures.
(a) In responding to a notice of proposed civil penalty, the respondent may request:
(1) An administrative hearing before an Administrative Law Judge
(ALJ) under Sec. 429.63 of this part; or
(2) Elect to have the procedures of Sec. 429.65 apply.
(b) Any election to have the procedures of Sec. 429.65 apply may not be revoked except with the consent of the Secretary.
(c) If the respondent fails to respond to a notice issued under
Sec. 429.59 or otherwise fails to indicate its election of procedures,
DOE shall refer the civil penalty action to an ALJ for a hearing under
Sec. 429.63.
Sec. 429.63 Administrative law judge hearing and appeal.
(a) When elected pursuant to Sec. 429.61, DOE shall refer a civil penalty action brought under Sec. 429.59 of this part to an ALJ, who shall afford the respondent an opportunity for an agency hearing on the record.
(b) After consideration of all matters of record in the proceeding, the ALJ will issue a recommended decision, if appropriate, recommending a civil penalty. The decision includes a statement of the findings and conclusions, and the reasons therefore, on all material issues of fact, law, and discretion.
(c)(1) The Secretary shall adopt, modify, or set aside the conclusions of law or discretion contained in the ALJ's recommended decision and shall set forth a final order assessing a civil penalty.
The Secretary shall include in its final order the ALJ's findings of fact and the reasons for its actions.
(2) Any person against whom a penalty is assessed under this section may, within 60 calendar days after the date of the final order of the Secretary assessing such penalty, institute an action in the
United States Court of Appeals for the appropriate judicial circuit for judicial review of such order in accordance with chapter 7 of title 5,
United States Code. The court shall have jurisdiction to enter a judgment affirming, modifying, or setting aside in whole or in part, the order of the Secretary, or the court may remand the proceeding to the Secretary for such further action as the court may direct.
Sec. 429.65 Immediate issuance of order assessing civil penalty.
(a) If respondent elects to forgo an agency hearing pursuant to
Sec. 429.61, DOE shall issue an order assessing the civil penalty proposed in the notice of proposed penalty under Sec. 429.59, 30 days after respondent's receipt of the notice of proposed penalty.
(b) If within 60 days of receiving the assessment order in paragraph (a) of this section the respondent does not pay the civil penalty amount, the Secretary shall institute an action in the appropriate United States District Court for an order affirming the assessment of the civil penalty. The court shall have authority to review de novo the law and the facts involved and shall have jurisdiction to enter a judgment enforcing, modifying, and enforcing as so modified, or setting aside in whole or in part, such assessment.
Sec. 429.67 Collection of civil penalties.
(a) If any person fails to pay an assessment of a civil penalty after it has become a final and unappealable order under Sec. 429.63 or after the appropriate District Court has entered final judgment in favor of the Secretary under Sec. 429.65, the Secretary shall institute an action to recover the amount of such penalty in any appropriate District Court of the United States. In such action, the validity and appropriateness of such final assessment order or judgment shall not be subject to review.
(b)(1) The Secretary will be represented by the General Counsel of
DOE (or any attorney or attorneys within DOE designated by the General
Counsel) who shall supervise, conduct, and argue any civil litigation to which Sec. 429.65 applies including any related collection action under paragraph (a) of this section in a court of the United States or in any other court, except the Supreme Court of the United States, consulting with the Attorney General concerning such litigation. The
Attorney General will provide, on request, such assistance in the conduct of such litigation as may be appropriate.
(2) The Secretary shall be represented by the Attorney General, or the Solicitor General, as appropriate, in actions under this section, except to the extent provided in paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
(3) DOE will provide to a Respondent contact information for the appropriate administrative law judge when a case is referred for hearing pursuant to Sec. 429.63.
Sec. 429.69 Compromise and settlement.
(a) The Secretary may compromise, modify, or remit, with or without conditions, any civil penalty (with leave of court if necessary).
(b) In exercising its authority under paragraph (a) of this section, the Secretary may consider the nature and seriousness of the violation, the efforts of the respondent to remedy the violation in a timely manner, and other factors as justice may require.
(c) The Secretary's authority to compromise, modify or remit a civil penalty may be exercised at any time prior to a final decision by the United States Court of Appeals if Sec. 429.63 procedures are utilized, or prior to a final decision by the United States District
Court, if Sec. 429.65 procedures are utilized.
(d) Notwithstanding paragraph (a) of this section, the Secretary or the respondent may propose to settle the case. If a settlement is agreed to by the parties, the respondent is notified and the case is closed.
Sec. 429.71 Confidentiality.
Pursuant to the provisions of 10 CFR 1004.11, any person submitting information or data which the person believes to be confidential and exempt by law from public disclosure should submit one complete copy, and one copy from which the information believed to be confidential has been deleted. In accordance with the procedures established in 10 CFR 1004.11, DOE shall make its own determination with regard to any claim that information submitted be exempt from public disclosure; however, the following records and other material of DOE are not exempt from public disclosure:
(a) Reports of compliance filed pursuant to the rules in this part or pursuant to a provision in a DOE order; and
(b) Product-specific information submitted by manufacturers to DOE pursuant to Sec. 429.19(b)(13), including the manufacturer's name, the brand name, and applicable model number(s).
Appendix A to Subpart E of Part 429--Sampling Plan for Enforcement
Testing of Covered Consumer Products and Certain High-Volume Commercial
Equipment
(a) The first sample size (n1) must be four or more units, except as provided by Sec. 429.45.
(b) Compute the mean of the measured energy performance
(x1) for all tests as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.005 where xiis the measured energy or water efficiency or consumption from test i, and n1is the total number of tests.
(c) Compute the standard deviation (s1) of the measured energy performance from the n1tests as follows:
Page 56829
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.006
(d) Compute the standard error (sx1) of the measured energy performance from the n1tests as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.007
(e) Compute the upper control limit (UCL1) and lower control limit (LCL1) for the mean of the first sample using the applicable DOE energy or water performance standard (EPS) as the desired mean and a probability level of 95 percent (two- tailed test) as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.008 and
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.009 where t is the statistic based on a 95 percent two-tailed probability level and a sample size of n1.
(f)(1) For an energy efficiency or water efficiency standard, compare the mean of the first sample (x1) with the upper and lower control limits (UCL1and LCL1) to determine one of the following:
(2) For an energy or water consumption standard, compare the mean of the first sample (x1) with the upper and lower control limits (UCL1and LCL1) to determine one of the following:
(A) If the mean of the first sample is below the lower control limit, then the basic model is in noncompliance and testing is at an end. (Do not go on to any of the steps below.)
(B) If the mean of the first sample is equal to or greater than the upper control limit, then the basic model is in compliance and testing is at an end. (Do not go on to any of the steps below.)
(C) If the sample mean is equal to or greater than the lower control limit but less than the upper control limit, then no determination of compliance or noncompliance can be made and a second sample size is determined by Step h(1).
(g)(1) For an energy efficiency or water efficiency standard, determine the second sample size (n2) as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.010 where s1and t have the values used in Steps 4 and 5, respectively. The term ``0.05 EPS'' is the difference between the applicable energy efficiency or water efficiency standard and 95 percent of the standard, where 95 percent of the standard is taken as the lower control limit. This procedure yields a sufficient combined sample size (n1+n2) to give an estimated 97.5 percent probability of obtaining a determination of compliance when the true mean efficiency is equal to the applicable standard. Given the solution value of n2, determine one of the following:
(A) If the value of n2is less than or equal to zero and if the mean energy or water efficiency of the first sample
(x1) is either equal to or greater than the lower control limit (LCL1) or equal to or greater than 95 percent of the applicable energy efficiency or water efficiency standard (EES), whichever is greater, i.e., if n21
>= max (LCL1, 0.95 EES), the basic model is in compliance and testing is at an end.
(B) If the value of n2is less than or equal to zero and the mean energy efficiency of the first sample (x1) is less than the lower control limit (LCL1) or less than 95 percent of the applicable energy efficiency standard (EES), whichever is greater, i.e., if n21
>= max (LCL1, 0.95 EES), the basic model is in noncompliance and testing is at an end.
(C) If the value of n2is greater than zero, then value of the second sample size is determined to be the smallest integer equal to or greater than the solution value of n2 for equation (6). If the value of n2so calculated is greater than 21-n1, set n2equal to 21- n1.
(2) For an Energy or Water Consumption Standard, determine the second sample size (n2) as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.011 where s1and t have the values used in (d) and (e), respectively. The term ``0.05 EPS'' is the difference between the applicable energy or water consumption standard and 105 percent of the standard, where 105 percent of the standard is taken as the upper control limit. This procedure yields a sufficient combined sample size (n1+ n2) to give an estimated 97.5 percent probability of obtaining a determination of compliance when the true mean consumption is equal to the applicable standard.
Given the solution value of n2, determine one of the following:
(A) If the value of n2is less than or equal to zero and if the mean energy or water consumption of the first sample
(x1) is either equal to or less than the upper control limit (UCL1) or equal to or less than 105 percent of the applicable energy or water performance standard (EPS), whichever is less, i.e., if n211, 1.05 EPS), the basic model is in compliance and testing is at an end.
(B) If the value of n2is less than or equal to zero and the mean energy or water consumption of the first sample
(x1) is greater than the upper control limit
(UCL1) or more than 105 percent of the applicable energy or water performance standard (EPS), whichever is less, i.e., if n21> min (UCL1, 1.05
EPS), the basic model is in noncompliance and testing is at an end.
(C) If the value of n2is greater than zero, then the value of the second sample size is determined to be the smallest integer equal to or greater than the solution value of n2 for equation (6a). If the value of n2so calculated is greater than 20-n1, set n2equal to 21- n1.
(h) Compute the combined mean (x2) of the measured energy or water performance of the n1and n2 units of the combined first and second samples as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.012
(i) Compute the standard error (Sx1) of the measured energy or water performance of then 1and n2 units in the combined first and second samples as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.013
Note: s1is the value obtained in (c).
(j)(1). For an Energy Efficiency Standard, compute the lower control limit (LCL2) for the mean of the combined first and second samples using the DOE energy efficiency standard (EES) as the desired mean and a one-tailed probability level of 97.5 percent
(equivalent to the two-tailed probability level of 95 percent used in Step (e)) as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.014 where the t-statistic has the value obtained in Step (e).
(j)(2). For an Energy or Water Consumption Standard, compute the upper control limit (UCL2) for the mean of the combined first and second samples using the DOE energy or water performance standard (EPS) as the desired mean and a one-tailed probability level of 102.5 percent (equivalent to the two-tailed probability level of 95 percent used in Step (e)) as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.015 where the t-statistic has the value obtained in (e).
(k)(1). For an Energy Efficiency Standard, compare the combined sample mean (x2) to the lower control limit
(LCL2) to find one of the following:
(A) If the mean of the combined sample (x2) is less than the lower control limit (LCL2) or 95 percent of the applicable energy efficiency standard (EES), whichever is greater, i.e., if x22, 0.95 EES), the basic model is in noncompliance and testing is at an end.
(B) If the mean of the combined sample (x2) is equal to or greater than the lower control limit (LCL2) or 95 percent of the applicable energy efficiency standard (EES), whichever is greater, i.e., if x2>= max
(LCL2, 0.95 EES), the basic model is in compliance and testing is at an end.
(k)(2). For an Energy or Water Consumption Standard, compare the combined sample mean (x2) to the upper control limit
(UCL2) to find one of the following:
(A) If the mean of the combined sample (x2) is greater than the upper control limit (UCL2) or 105 percent of the applicable energy or water performance standard
(EPS), whichever is less, i.e., if x2> min
(UCL2, 1.05 EPS), the basic model is in noncompliance and testing is at an end.
(B) If the mean of the combined sample (x2) is equal to or less than the upper control limit (UCL2) or 105 percent of the applicable energy or water performance standard
(EPS),
Page 56830
whichever is less, i.e., if x22, 1.05 EPS), the basic model is in compliance and testing is at an end.
Appendix B to Subpart E of Part 429--Sampling Plan for Enforcement
Testing of Covered Equipment and Certain Low-Volume Covered Products
The Department will determine compliance as follows:
(a) The first sample size (n1) must be four or more units, except as provided by Sec. 429.45.
(b) Compute the mean of the measured energy performance
(x1) for all tests as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.016
Where xiis the measured energy efficiency or consumption from test i, and n1is the total number of tests.
(c) Compute the standard deviation (s1) of the measured energy performance from the n1tests as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.017
(d) Compute the standard error (sx1) of the measured energy performance from the n1tests as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.018
(e)(1) For an energy efficiency standard, compute the lower control limit (LCL1) according to:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.019 or
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.020
(whichever is greater).
(2) For an energy use standard, compute the upper control limit
(UCL1) according to:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.021 or
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.022
(whichever is less),
Where EPS is the energy performance standard and t is a statistic based on a 97.5 percent, one-sided confidence limit and a sample size of n1.
(f)(1) Compare the sample mean to the control limit.
(i) The basic model is in compliance and testing is at an end if:
(A) For an energy or water efficiency standard, the sample mean is equal to or greater than the lower control limit, or
(B) For an energy or water consumption standard, the sample mean is equal to or less than the upper control limit.
(ii) Unless the manufacturer requests manufacturer-option testing and provides the additional units for such testing, the basic model is in noncompliance and the testing is at an end because compliance has not been demonstrated if:
(A) For an energy efficiency standard, the sample mean is less than the lower control limit, or
(B) For an energy consumption standard, the sample mean is greater than the upper control limit.
(2) If the manufacturer does request additional testing, and provides the necessary additional units, the Department will test each unit the same number of times it tested previous units. The
Department will then compute a combined sample mean, standard deviation, and standard error as described above. (The ``combined sample'' refers to the units the Department initially tested plus the additional units the Department has tested at the manufacturer's request.) The Department will determine compliance or noncompliance from the mean and the new lower or upper control limit of the combined sample. If, for an energy efficiency standard, the combined sample mean is equal to or greater than the new lower control limit or, for an energy consumption standard, the sample mean is equal to or less than the upper control limit, the basic model is in compliance, and testing is at an end. If the combined sample mean does not satisfy one of these two conditions, the basic model is in noncompliance and the testing is at an end.
Appendix C to Subpart E of Part 429--Sampling Plan for Enforcement
Testing of Distribution Transformers
(a) When testing distribution transformers, the number of units in the sample (m1) shall be in accordance with Sec. 429.45 and DOE shall perform the following number of tests:
(i) If DOE tests four or more units, it will test each unit once;
(ii) If DOE tests two or three units, it will test each unit twice; or
(iii) If DOE tests one unit, it will test that unit four times.
(b) DOE shall determine compliance as follows:
(i) Compute the mean (X1) of the measured energy performance of the n1tests in the first sample as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.023
Where Xiis the measured efficiency of test i.
(ii) Compute the sample standard deviation (S1) of the measured efficiency of the n1tests in the first sample as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.024
(iii) Compute the standard error (SE(X1)) of the mean efficiency of the first sample as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.025
(iv) Computer the sample size discount (SSD(m1)) as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.026
Where m1is the number of units in the sample, and RE is the applicable DOE efficiency when the test is to determine compliance with the applicable energy conservation standard, or is the labeled efficiency when the test is to determine compliance with the labeled efficiency value.
(v) Compute the lower control limit (LCL1) for the mean of the first sample as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.027
Where t is the 2.5th percentile of a t-distribution for a sample size of n1, which yields a 97.5 percent confidence level for a one-tailed t-test.
(vi) Compare the mean of the first sample (X1) with the lower control limit (LCL1) to determine one of the following:
Page 56831
(A) If the mean of the first sample is below the lower control limit, then the basic model is in non-compliance and testing is at an end.
(B) If the mean is equal to or greater than the lower control limit, no final determination of compliance or non-compliance can be made; proceed to Step (vii).
(vii) Determine the recommended sample size (n) as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.028
Where S1and t have the values used in Steps (ii) and
(v), respectively. The factor
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.032 is based on an 8-percent tolerance in the total power loss.
Given the value of n, determine one of the following:
(A) If the value of n is less than or equal to n1and if the mean energy efficiency of the first sample (X1) is equal to or greater than the lower control limit (LCL1), the basic model is in compliance and testing is at an end.
(B) If the value of n is greater than n1, the basic model is in non-compliance. The size of a second sample n2is determined to be the smallest integer equal to or greater than the difference n-n1. If the value of n2so calculated is greater than 21-n1, set n2equal to 21-n1.
(viii) Compute the combined (X2) mean of the measured energy performance of the n1and n2units of the combined first and second samples as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.029
(ix) Compute the standard error (SE(X2)) of the mean full-load efficiency of the n1and n2units in the combined first and second samples as follows:
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.030
(Note that S1is the value obtained above in (ii).)
(x) Set the lower control limit (LCL2) to,
GRAPHIC
TIFF OMITTED TP16SE10.031
Where t has the value obtained in (v), and compare the combined sample mean (X2) to the lower control limit
(LCL2) to find one of the following:
(A) If the mean of the combined sample (X2) is less than the lower control limit (LCL2), the basic model is in non-compliance and testing is at an end.
(B) If the mean of the combined sample (X2) is equal to or greater than the lower control limit (LCL2), the basic model is in compliance and testing is at an end.
PART 430--ENERGY CONSERVATION PROGRAM FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS 2. The authority citation for part 430 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291-6309; 28 U.S.C. 2461 note. 3. In Sec. 430.2 revise the definition of ``Act'' and in the definition of ``basic model'' revise paragraph (24) to read as follows:
Sec. 430.2 Definitions.
* * * * *
Act means the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 6291-6316.
* * * * *
Basic model * * *
(24) With respect to medium base compact fluorescent lamps, means lamps that have essentially identical light output and electrical characteristics and that do not have any differing physical or functional characteristics that affect energy consumption or efficacy.
* * * * *
Sec. 430.24 [Removed and Reserved] 4. Remove and reserve Sec. 430.24.
Subpart F--[Removed and Reserved] 5. Remove and reserve Subpart F, consisting of Sec. Sec. 430.60 through 430.75, and Appendix A and B to subpart F of part 430.
PART 431--ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAM FOR CERTAIN COMMERCIAL AND
INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT 6. The authority citation for part 431 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291-6317.
Sec. 431.65 [Removed] 7. Section 431.65 is removed.
Sec. 431.135 [Removed] 8. Section 431.135 is removed.
Sec. Sec. 431.173 through 431.175 [Removed and Reserved] 9. Sections 431.173 through 431.175 are removed and reserved.
Sec. Sec. 431.197 and 431.198 [Removed] 10a. Sections 431.197 and 431.198 are removed.
Appendix B to Subpart K of Part 431--[Removed] 10b. Appendix B to subpart K of part 431 is removed.
Sec. 431.205 [Removed] 11. Section 431.205 is removed.
Sec. 431.225 [Removed] 12. Section 431.225 is removed.
Sec. 431.265 [Removed] 13. Section 431.265 is removed.
Sec. 431.295 [Removed] 14. Section 431.295 is removed. 15. In Sec. 431.302 a new definition of ``manufacturer of walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer'' is added in alphabetical order to read as follows:
Sec. 431.302 Definitions concerning walk-in coolers and walk-in freezers.
Manufacturer of a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer means any person who manufactures, produces, assembles or imports such a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer, including any person who:
(1) Manufacturers, produces, assembles, or imports a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer in its entirety, including the collection and shipment of all components that affect the energy consumption of a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer;
(2) Manufactures, produces, assembles or imports a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer in part, and specifies or approves the walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer's components that affect energy consumption, including refrigeration, doors, lights, or other components produced by others, as for example by specifying such components in a catalogue by make and model number or parts number;
(3) Is any vendor who sells a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer that consists of a combination of components that affect energy consumption, which are not specified or approved by a person described in paragraphs (1) or (2) of this definition; or
(4) Is an individual or a company who arranges for a walk-in cooler or walk-in freezer to be assembled at his own or any other specified premises from components that affect energy consumption, which are specified and approved by him and not by a person described in paragraphs (1), (2), or (3) of this definition.
* * * * *
Sec. 431.325 [Removed] 16. Section 431.325 is removed.
Sec. Sec. 431.327 through 431.329 [Removed] 17. Remove Sec. Sec. 431.327 through 431.329.
Appendices A through C to Subpart S of Part 431--[Removed]. 18. Remove Appendices A through C to subpart S of part 431.
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Subpart T--[Removed] 19. Remove subpart T to part 431, consisting of Sec. Sec. 431.370 through 431.373 and appendices A through D, is removed. 20a. Revise the heading to Subpart U to read as follows:
Subpart U--Enforcement for Electric Motors
* * * * * 20b. Revise Sec. 431.381 to read as follows
Sec. 431.381 Purpose and scope for electric motors.
This subpart describes violations of EPCA's energy conservation requirements, specific procedures we will follow in pursuing alleged non-compliance of an electric motor with an applicable energy conservation standard or labeling requirement, and general procedures for enforcement action, largely drawn directly from EPCA, that apply to electric motors.
Sec. Sec. 431.403 through 431.407 [Removed] 21. Remove Sec. Sec. 431.403 through 431.407.
FR Doc. 2010-22353 Filed 9-15-10; 8:45 am
BILLING CODE 6450-01-P
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