Grants and cooperative agreements; availability, etc.: Comprehensive program plan (1999 FY)— Program activities,

[Federal Register: July 9, 1999 (Volume 64, Number 131)]

[Notices]

[Page 37273-37293]

From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]

[DOCID:fr09jy99-111]

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Part III

Department of Justice

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

Comprehensive Program Plan for Fiscal Year 1999; Notice

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DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

[OJP(OJJDP)-1204f]

RIN 1121-ZB71

Comprehensive Program Plan for Fiscal Year 1999

AGENCY: Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Justice.

ACTION: Notice of final program plan for fiscal year 1999.

SUMMARY: The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention is publishing its Final Program Plan for fiscal year (FY) 1999.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Eileen M. Garry, Director, Information Dissemination Unit, at 202-307-5911. [This is not a toll-free number.]

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) is a component of the Office of Justice Programs in the U.S. Department of Justice. Pursuant to the provisions of Section 204(b)(5)(A) of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 5601 et seq. (JJDP Act), the Administrator of OJJDP published for public comment a Proposed Comprehensive Plan describing the program activities that OJJDP proposed to carry out during Fiscal Year (FY) 1999. The Proposed Comprehensive Plan included activities authorized in Parts C and D of Title II of the JJDP Act, codified at 42 U.S.C. 5651-5665a, 5667, 5667a. The public was invited to comment on the Proposed Plan by March 18, 1999. The Administrator analyzed the public comments received, and the comments and OJJDP's responses are provided below. The Administrator took these comments into consideration in developing this Final Comprehensive Plan describing the particular program activities that OJJDP intends to fund during FY 1999, using in whole or in part funds appropriated under Parts C and D of Title II of the JJDP Act.

Notice of the official solicitation of grant or cooperative agreement applications for competitive programs to be funded under the Final Comprehensive Plan will be published at a later date in the Federal Register. No proposals, concept papers, or other forms of application should be submitted at this time.

Overview

After a steady climb in the rates of juvenile violent crime arrests, resulting in an increase of 60 percent between 1988 and 1994, the Nation experienced a substantial, 23 percent decline in the 3 years between 1994 and 1997. More notable were the trends in the juvenile arrest rate for murder, which, after doubling between 1987 and 1993, dropped by more than 40 percent between 1993 and 1997. In addition, in the discussion of trends, it is important to note that in any given year less than \1/2\ of 1 percent of this country's juveniles ages 10 to 17 are arrested for violent crime. Even though rates have been dropping, however, they are still more than 20 percent higher than the average rate of the years between 1980 and 1988.

The serious concerns engendered by the increase in violent juvenile crime in the 1980's led many States to enact legislation to address the changing nature of juvenile delinquency and to use a more accountability-based approach in dealing with serious violent juvenile offenders. At the same time, a national dialog began over how best to reform the juvenile justice system to make it more effective in preventing and intervening with juvenile delinquency and victimization and in protecting the public. In order to see this become a reality, the positive achievements of recent years should lead not to complacency, but to a renewed commitment to continue to pursue the research-based, comprehensive approach to problems of delinquency, violence, and victimization that OJJDP inaugurated with the publication in December 1993 of its Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders.

It is encouraging that in recent years communities have begun to take on this work and make the commitment needed to make a comprehensive strategy a reality. More and more communities are coming to the understanding that a long-term, consistent commitment will be required to reduce juvenile delinquency, violence, and victimization and to ensure public safety.

This Final Comprehensive Plan describes OJJDP's plans for funding activities authorized under Part C (National Programs) and Part D (Gang-Free Schools and Communities; Community-Based Gang Intervention) of Title II of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (JJDP) Act. The activities authorized under Parts C and D make up part of OJJDP's overall responsibilities under the JJDP Act. These responsibilities are outlined briefly below.

In 1974, the JJDP Act established OJJDP as the Federal agency responsible for providing national leadership, coordination, and resources to develop and implement effective methods to prevent and reduce juvenile delinquency and improve the quality of juvenile justice in the United States. OJJDP administers State Formula Grants under Part B of Title II, State Challenge Grants under Part E of Title II, and Community Prevention Grants under Title V of the JJDP Act to assist States and territories to fund a range of delinquency prevention, control, and juvenile justice system improvement activities. OJJDP provides support activities for these and other programs under statutory set-asides that are used to provide related research, evaluation, statistics, demonstration, and training and technical assistance services. OJJDP also funds Special Emphasis programs authorized under Part C; school and community-based gang prevention, intervention, and suppression programs under Part D; and mentoring programs under Part G of Title II of the JJDP Act; funds numerous research, evaluation, statistics, demonstration, training and technical assistance, and information dissemination activities through its National Institute for Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention; administers the Drug Prevention Program, the Underage Drinking Program, the Safe Schools Initiative, a Native American discretionary grants program, the Safe Start: Children Exposed to Violence Initiative, and the Juvenile Accountability Incentive Block Grants program. OJJDP also coordinates Federal activities related to juvenile justice and delinquency prevention.

OJJDP serves as the staff agency for the Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, coordinates the Concentration of Federal Efforts Program, and administers both the Title IV Missing and Exploited Children's Program and programs under the Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 13001 et seq.

OJJDP focuses its assistance on the development and implementation of programs with the greatest potential for reducing juvenile delinquency and improving the juvenile justice system by establishing partnerships with State and local governments, American Indian and Alaska Native jurisdictions, and public and private agencies and organizations. OJJDP performs its role of national leadership in juvenile justice and delinquency prevention through a cycle of activities. These include

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collecting data and statistics to determine the extent and nature of issues affecting juveniles; funding research that can lead to demonstrations funded by discretionary grants; evaluating demonstration projects; sharing lessons learned from the field with practitioners through a range of information dissemination vehicles; providing seed money to States through formula and block grants to implement projects or reform efforts; and providing training and technical assistance to assist States and local governments to implement programs effectively and to maintain the integrity of model programs as they are being replicated.

It is important to note that OJJDP emphasizes coordination with other Office of Justice Program (OJP) components and other Federal agencies whenever possible to concentrate Federal resources to achieve maximum results from its programs and initiatives. This coordination, which is evidenced in many of the program descriptions that follow, includes joint funding, interagency agreements, and partnerships to develop, implement, and evaluate projects. More important, it is critical that the reader become familiar with the program activities of the other OJP Bureaus and Offices as reflected in the Office of Justice Programs Fiscal Year 1999 Program Plan. The work undertaken in OJP in many instances cuts across components and areas of practice; therefore, the work undertaken by OJJDP should be viewed as part of a larger OJP composite.

Considering all the factors discussed above, OJJDP has prepared this Final Comprehensive Plan for FY 1999 for activities authorized under Part C (National Programs) and Part D (Gang-Free Schools and Communities; Community-Based Gang Intervention) of Title II of the JJDP Act, as described in the following pages.

Fiscal Year 1999 Program Planning Activities

The OJJDP program planning process for FY 1999 was coordinated with the Assistant Attorney General, Office of Justice Programs (OJP), and all OJP components. The program planning process involved the following steps:

‹bullet› Internal review of existing programs by OJJDP staff.

‹bullet› Internal review of proposed programs by OJP bureaus and Department of Justice components.

‹bullet› Review of information and data from OJJDP grantees and contractors.

‹bullet› Review of information contained in State comprehensive plans.

‹bullet› Review of comments from youth service providers, juvenile justice practitioners, and researchers who provided input in proposed new program areas.

‹bullet› Consideration of suggestions made by juvenile justice policymakers concerning State and local needs.

‹bullet› Consideration of all comments received during the period of public comment on the Proposed Comprehensive Plan.

Discretionary Program Activities

Discretionary Grant Continuation Policy

OJJDP has listed on the following pages continuation projects currently funded in whole or in part with Part C and Part D funds and eligible for continuation funding in FY 1999, either within an existing project period or through an extension for an additional project period. A grantee's eligibility for continued funding for an additional budget period within an existing project period depends on the grantee's compliance with funding eligibility requirements and achievement of the prior year's objectives. The amount of award is based on prior projections, demonstrated need, and fund availability.

The only projects described in this Final Program Plan are those that will receive Part C or Part D FY 1999 continuation funding under project period or discretionary continuation assistance awards and new programs that OJJDP intends to fund in FY 1999. Readers should note that they will not find descriptions of other OJJDP programs, including mentoring programs under Part G of Title II of the JJDP Act, the Drug Prevention Program, the Underage Drinking Program, the Safe Schools Initiative, the Native American discretionary grants program, the Safe Start: Children Exposed to Violence Initiative, and the Juvenile Accountability Incentive Block Grants program. When appropriate, separate solicitations are issued for applications for funding for programs that are not authorized under Parts C and D.

Consideration for continuation funding for an additional project period for previously funded discretionary grant programs was based upon several factors, including the following:

‹bullet› The extent to which the project responds to the applicable requirements of the JJDP Act.

‹bullet› Responsiveness to OJJDP and Department of Justice FY 1999 program priorities.

‹bullet› Compliance with performance requirements of prior grant years.

‹bullet› Compliance with fiscal and regulatory requirements.

‹bullet› Compliance with any special conditions of the award.

‹bullet› Availability of funds (based on appropriations and program priority determinations).

In accordance with section 262 (d)(1)(B) of the JJDP Act, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 5665a, the competitive process for the award of Part C funds is not required if the Administrator makes a written determination waiving the competitive process:

1. With respect to programs to be carried out in areas in which the President declares under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act codified at 42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq. that a major disaster or emergency exists, or

2. With respect to a particular program described in Part C that is uniquely qualified.

   Program Goals

   The three goals listed below constitute the major elements of a sound policy that ensures public safety and security while establishing effective juvenile justice and delinquency prevention programs. Underlying each of the goals is the overarching premise that their achievement is vital to protecting the long-term safety of the public from juvenile delinquency and violence.

   ‹bullet› Delinquency Prevention and Early Intervention. OJJDP promotes delinquency prevention and early intervention efforts that reduce the flow of juvenile offenders into the juvenile justice system, the numbers of serious and violent offenders, and the development of chronic delinquent careers. While removing serious and violent juvenile offenders from the street serves to protect the public, long-term solutions lie primarily in taking aggressive steps to stop delinquency before it starts or becomes a pattern of behavior.

   ‹bullet› Improvement of the Juvenile Justice System. OJJDP seeks to improve the juvenile justice system and the response of the system to juvenile delinquents, status offenders, and dependent, neglected, and abused children.

   ‹bullet› Corrections, Detention, and Community-Based Alternatives. OJJDP supports efforts to preserve the public safety through the appropriate development and best use of secure detention and corrections options, while at the same time fostering the use of community-based programs for juvenile offenders.

   In pursuing these broad goals, OJJDP divides its programs into four categories: public safety and law enforcement; strengthening the juvenile

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   justice system; delinquency prevention and intervention; and child abuse and neglect and dependency courts. A fifth category, overarching programs, contains programs that have significant elements common to more than one of the other four categories. Following the summary of public comments and the introductory section below, the continuation programs that OJJDP will fund in FY 1999 are listed and summarized within these five categories. New programs are described in the introductory section.

   Summary of Public Comments on the Proposed Comprehensive Plan for Fiscal Year 1999

   OJJDP published its Proposed Comprehensive Plan for FY 1999 in the Federal Register (Vol. 64, No. 20) on February 1, 1999, for a 45-day public comment period. OJJDP received 17 letters commenting on the Proposed Plan. (Each letter had one signature.) All comments have been considered in the development of OJJDP's Final Comprehensive Plan for Fiscal Year 1999.

   Comment: Eight letters suggested that OJJDP should include career academies in its program plan. Originally established in inner-city Philadelphia in the late 1960's, high school career academies are designed to restructure high schools to support students academically while providing them with marketable skills, work-based learning experiences, and clearer pathways to postsecondary education and productive employment. Support for including career academies in the program plan came from the president of the National Career Academy Coalition, two high school principals, the executive director of the American Society for Public Administration (ASPA) and a person associated with the ASPA Philadelphia Regional Chapter, two career academy coordinators, and the professional standards officer for the Law Enforcement Training Board of the Indiana Law Enforcement Academy.

   Response: OJJDP is a strong supporter of the career academy concept and is working with LAWNET, the National Career Academy Coalition's collaborative initiative to link law-related career academies with police departments and communities across the country. The U.S. Department of the Treasury and the U.S. Department of Justice have provided funding and personnel support to two academies (Academy for Law, Justice, and Security and the Public Service Academy) in Anacostia Senior High School in Washington, D.C. OJJDP has also long supported the Communities in Schools program, which has facilitated a number of career academies. [Note: At the time this response was sent to the commenters, OJJDP was considering working with LAWNET; however, this effort was not chosen to be part of the final program plan.]

   Comment: One writer, a State juvenile justice specialist, made four comments and one request. The comments concerned: (1) Mental health issues and education for system professionals in recognizing signs of mental illness, (2) technical assistance to Title V and the need to increase the capacity of States to conduct the training without entailing a high cost for training materials, (3) the need for an annual report of products developed by the various projects, and (4) the survey of juvenile probation and inclusion of social service and community placements. The fifth item was a request for additional information about funds earmarked for the National Association of State Fire Marshals.

   Response: OJJDP's responses are presented in order below.

1. Concerning mental health issues, the joint funding efforts OJJDP is engaged in with the Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS), Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMSHA), encompasses work with the education system. The U.S. Department of Education's Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) is also a partner in this effort. The program that CMHS funds is designed to support the development of a system of care for children and youth across the developmental spectrum. Forty-five sites are currently funded to create this system of care. OJJDP's funds support training and technical assistance to assist with the greater inclusion of the juvenile justice system in the sites' efforts to develop a comprehensive system of care, and the OSEP funds support the same for the education system.

   OJJDP funds that were transferred for the system of care on Native American reservations under a program called Circles of Care are being used to fund an additional site. These Native American recipients will be planning for the development and implementation of a system of care for youth on the reservation, including the school system.

   OJJDP has also transferred funds to the National Institute of Mental Health to support studies of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and a study of mental health issues among a school population. Both of these studies will be of assistance to schools and communities in future efforts to address the mental health needs of children and youth.

2. The answer to the comment about the technical assistance to Title V is that the contractor will work with OJJDP's Formula Grants Program technical assistance contractor to develop a community planning curriculum for delinquency prevention planning and implementation activities and use it to train groups of trainers in different States. OJJDP intends to expand the pool of in-State trainers and to encourage wide use of training materials, thereby making Title V training and technical assistance accessible to a large number of communities.

3. The suggestion for a single annual report of the products developed by the various projects certainly has some merit, but at this time, OJJDP does not have any plans for such a publication. Although OJJDP does not issue the type of report the writer described, the Office does publish a wealth of information about the latest promising and effective programs, an annual report that gives an overview of OJJDP's major accomplishments, and various program-specific reports such as the annual report to Congress on Title V and last year's report to Congress on OJJDP's Juvenile Mentoring Program. The commenter is on OJJDP's mailing list to receive all these publications.

4. In regard to the Survey of Juvenile Probation, the writer asked if this effort to determine the number of juveniles under some form of community supervision includes social service placements and community placements of youth in the custody of the State correctional system. The answer is yes. OJJDP will endeavor to enumerate those juveniles who are under supervision as part of an official juvenile court sanction. Therefore, all those not currently in a residential placement will be enumerated. However, at this stage in the development of the project, OJJDP reserves the right not to cover particular parts of the system for practical or theoretical reasons. To make the survey consistent across jurisdictions, if OJJDP chooses to exclude or include particular populations in one jurisdiction, those populations will be excluded or included in all jurisdictions.

5. In response to the request for more information about the earmarked funds for the National Association of State Fire Marshals (NASFM), the following information was provided. NASFM was awarded $382,640 to implement the Juvenile Fire-Setter Intervention Project. NASFM will develop a national juvenile fire-setting intervention mobilization plan that will facilitate and promote the

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   establishment of juvenile fire-setter intervention programs, based on existing valid models at the State and local levels.

   NASFM also plans to provide the first comprehensive study that will look at the problem of juvenile fire-setting through an examination of the best of what has been done to date and the best of what might be done in the future. This study will serve as the basis of a strategic plan to better coordinate existing public and private resources needed to reduce the severity and incidence of fires started by children. Through this study, NASFM plans to develop a consensus statement on the nature, dynamics, and scope of children's involvement with fire; present an analytical summary of public and private sector initiatives addressing juvenile fire-setting; recommend how best to use existing public and private resources to reduce the severity and incidence of fires started by children; and establish a clearinghouse to create linkages among fire services, educational, product safety, and child welfare professionals addressing juvenile fire-setting issues.

   Experts nationwide will analyze the issues and techniques that have been key to effective intervention programs and recommend national standardized approaches that have acceptance from both professional and peer groups.

   Comment: One writer, director of a university training resource center, affirmed the ``importance of addressing the educational issues related to youth in the juvenile justice system'' and indicated support for the OJJDP proposal to ``establish with the Department of Education a Center for Students with Learning Disabilities in the Juvenile Justice System.''

   Response: OJJDP appreciates the words of support for a cooperative effort between OJJDP and the U.S. Department of Education to establish a Center for Students with Learning Disabilities in the Juvenile Justice System. The commenter was sent an information copy of the announcement of a new U.S. Department of Education grant for establishing this center. The application deadline was April 23, 1999.

   OJJDP agrees that it is important to address educational issues related to youth in the juvenile justice system. Most of OJJDP's funding is not provided under Parts C and D but is distributed to the States and territories through Formula Grants, Challenge, and Title V (Community Prevention) programs and education-related concerns can be addressed through these programs. Two of the Challenge Grant activities, for example, refer to ``appropriate education services, including special education, for youth in the juvenile justice system'' and comprehensive education services as part of aftercare programs.

   Comment: A second writer, executive director of the National Juvenile Detention Association, also applauded the proposed collaboration with the Department of Education in developing the Center for Students with Learning Disabilities in the Juvenile Justice System. This commenter also expressed appreciation for OJJDP's ``continued support in funding projects to improve systemic and programmatic issues within the juvenile justice system and more specifically the juvenile detention and corrections field.''

   Response: OJJDP appreciates the words of approval for its funding of projects to improve systemic and programmatic juvenile justice issues, specifically in the field of detention and corrections. In response to the comments in support of the Center for Students with Learning Disabilities in the Juvenile Justice System, OJJDP sent the writer an information copy of the announcement of a new U.S. Department of Education grant for establishing this center. The application deadline was April 23, 1999.

   Comment: One commenter, the associate legislative director of the National Association of Counties, expressed concern that the plan ``fails to address the county role in the partnership'' between State legislators and State and local leaders. The writer offered to work with OJJDP in building a county policymaker component in the plan.

   Response: OJJDP recognizes the important role counties play in the overall effort to effectively deal with juvenile justice issues. During the past year, OJJDP officials have met with the writer and other representatives of the National Association of Counties and the National Organization of Black County Officials to discuss development of a long-term approach to improving the juvenile justice system at all levels'national, State, county, and community. OJJDP plans to continue to work with and encourage representatives of the various levels of government to identify and agree on ways to collaborate to prevent and reduce juvenile crime and victimization throughout the country.

   Comment: Another writer, president of a State council on crime and delinquency, also suggested that the program of Technical Assistance for State Legislatures should be more focused on county officials. The writer also commented on two other areas: field-initiated research and the Balanced and Restorative Justice (BARJ) Project. The response concerning the need for more focus on counties was essentially the same as the response provided to the preceding comment. The other two comments are noted and addressed below.

1. Field-Initiated Research. The writer asked that funding for field-initiated research be included in the Final Program Plan. OJJDP has added a field-initiated program of general research to the plan.

2. BARJ. The writer praised this project and recommended increased funding to expand its training and technical component to jurisdictions throughout the United States. Although OJJDP's grant support for the Project is modest, the Office shares the commenter's enthusiasm for the BARJ Project. OJJDP views the BARJ Project as an evolving, not a static, venture to improve juvenile justice systems and expects to see further growth and development of the BARJ Project and further positive outcomes for juvenile justice from it.

   Comment: One writer, a juvenile prosecutor in a county attorney's office, objected to money or attention going to anything titled ``balanced and restorative justice,'' which he referred to as an oxymoron. He wrote that a balanced approach is ``balanced between fixing the kid, protecting the community, and restoring the victim'' and that restorative justice ``focuses primarily on restoring the victim.'' The writer praised OJJDP's December 1998 teleconference on Juveniles and the Criminal Justice System.

   Response: OJJDP grant support for the BARJ Project is quite modest. The BARJ Project was deliberately organized to merge the concepts and practices of the ``balanced approach'' and ``restorative justice.'' OJJDP determined that the goals of community safety, victim reparation, and offender rehabilitation are best achieved if the offender is directed to engage in restorative activities. These activities are structured to foster the offender's sense of accountability and hands- on competency to pursue constructive rather than destructive life styles. One of the main authors of the balanced approach concept (Dennis Maloney) is a senior associate of the BARJ Project and assists the Project in joining not only the theoretical and programmatic elements of the balanced approach and restorative justice, but of ``community justice'' as well. OJJDP views the BARJ Project as an evolving, not a static, venture to improve juvenile justice systems. Its roots are in effective juvenile restitution

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   programs, which by definition are ``restorative.'' Besides evidence from other sources, the effectiveness of these programs was determined by a study in the writer's own State of Utah (please see OJJDP Update on Research: Restitution and Juvenile Recidivism by Jeffrey A. Butts and Howard N. Snyder, September 1992). OJJDP incorporated lessons learned from the best restitution programs into the BARJ Project and expects to see further growth and development of the BARJ Project and further positive outcomes for juvenile justice from it.

   Comment: The director-designate of a State department of juvenile justice wrote to support OJJDP's Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders and the plan's emphasis on delinquency prevention. Of the areas that OJJDP is considering for new programs, the writer specifically expressed support for five: community justice and balanced and restorative justice, risk and needs assessment instruments, education programs for students in the juvenile justice system, and programs for abused and neglected children within the juvenile justice system.

   Response: OJJDP appreciates the writer's support for the Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders and for the emphasis on delinquency prevention. It is also helpful to know which of the proposed broad priority areas the writer believes should be given major consideration.

   Comment: The president of a private program to combat juvenile delinquency commended the programs OJJDP proposed to fund this fiscal year. In addition, the writer stated that there is need for reform in how adults view and deal with young people.

   Response: OJJDP appreciates the writer's support for the Proposed Program Plan. In regard to the issue of ``how adults view and deal with young people,'' OJJDP notes that the programs it supports all involve an element of respect for the young people they serve. As the Proposed Comprehensive Plan points out, the foundation of OJJDP's work is its Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders. The Comprehensive Strategy provides a strategic planning framework for States and communities to increase their ability to effectively combat juvenile delinquency and victimization and provide for public safety. Based on three decades of research on what causes juvenile delinquency and what works to address it, the Comprehensive Strategy emphasizes six key principles. The first two principles touch on the writer's concern about respect for youth:

1. Strengthening families as their children's first and primary teachers and role models.

2. Supporting core social institutions such as schools, religious institutions, and community organizations in their efforts to develop youth who will lead productive and law-abiding lives.

   An example of a specific OJJDP program that helps to build mutual respect between youth and adults is the Juvenile Mentoring Program (JUMP), which provides one-on-one mentoring for youth at-risk of delinquency, gang involvement, educational failure, or dropping out of school. The adults who volunteer as mentors give their time and talents to try to make a difference in the lives of these young people. Initial evaluation findings from 93 JUMP sites across the county show that youth in the program reported that mentoring helped them stay away from alcohol and drugs, keep away from gangs, and avoid using guns and knives.

   Comment: A writer with a background in paralegal and security work stressed the importance of early prevention, parent involvement, mentoring, and other programs that reduce the risk of involvement in delinquency and described positive results that her community has achieved through collaboration among business, schools, mentoring groups, and government.

   Response: OJJDP's proposals for FY 1999 reflect a similar commitment to prevention activities.

   Introduction to Fiscal Year 1999 Program Plan

   Since 1993, when it published the Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders, OJJDP has been advocating that States, local governments, and communities adopt this research-based comprehensive strategy approach to address the problems of juvenile crime and victimization. OJJDP has synthesized decades of research and practice from practitioners and established a framework for implementing an effective juvenile justice system. Through support of research, demonstration programs, and training and technical assistance, OJJDP encourages States, local governments, and communities to use the Comprehensive Strategy to develop coordinated, communitywide approaches to preventing and intervening with juvenile delinquency and victimization. OJJDP focuses its support on programs and initiatives that further one or more of the basic principles of the Comprehensive Strategy:

   ‹bullet› Strengthen families in their role of guiding, disciplining, and instilling sound values in their children.

   ‹bullet› Support core social institutions and their role in supporting families and helping children develop to their maximum potential.

   ‹bullet› Promote prevention strategies and activities that reduce the impact of negative (risk) factors and enhance the influence of positive (protective) factors in the lives of youth at greatest risk of delinquency.

   ‹bullet› Intervene immediately and appropriately at the first signs of trouble in a child's life and establish a system of graduated sanctions and a continuum of services to respond appropriately to the needs of each juvenile offender.

   ‹bullet› Protect the public from the most serious, violent, and chronic juvenile offenders by providing for their incapacitation while at the same time addressing their treatment needs.

   For the fourth consecutive year, OJJDP has developed a Program Plan rooted in its Comprehensive Strategy. The Plan also supports the Coordinating Council's National Juvenile Justice Action Plan released in 1996. This Action Plan, which grew out of the Comprehensive Strategy, provides eight objectives to reduce juvenile violence and describes ways to meet these objectives. OJJDP will continue to support development and refinement of the Comprehensive Strategy and training and technical assistance to help jurisdictions begin to implement it by developing a continuum of care to deal with both juvenile offenders and juveniles at risk of becoming offenders. Development, dissemination, and support of the Comprehensive Strategy and the Action Plan are prime examples of how OJJDP's national leadership is instrumental in moving the field from innovation to infrastructure.

   OJJDP-funded programs that emphasize early prevention and family involve a variety of approaches, including strengthening the dependency court, parent training, nurse-based home visitation for at-risk first- time mothers, problem solving, parent support groups led by parents themselves, multisystemic therapy, and training and technical assistance for replicating exemplary programs. Other prevention programs reach out to youth in the schools and the community. They include youth development, conflict resolution, mentoring, career preparation, truancy reduction, drug prevention, violence prevention, and antigang outreach programs.

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   Efforts involving intervention, accountability, and sanctions include dissemination of the principles of balanced and restorative justice, emphasis on reducing overcrowding and disproportionate minority confinement in secure facilities, gender-specific services targeted to female juvenile offenders, intensive aftercare services, services for chemically involved young people, and a communitywide approach to preventing and suppressing gangs. Funds are also provided for collaborations between police and health services agencies and for appropriate training for legislators, prosecutors, and line staff in secure facilities.

   Research and evaluation can assure policymakers, practitioners, and the public that juvenile justice is moving in the right direction and that programs being supported do indeed work. OJJDP will continue supporting a range of research studies, including its landmark study of the causes and correlates of delinquency; studies of very young offenders and of the origins of and pathways to youth violence; a cost- benefit analysis of juvenile justice programs; analyses of a range of juvenile justice data; development of a juvenile sex offender typology; studies of risk reduction for delinquency, substance abuse, and school failure in school children and of delinquency and attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder; and censuses and surveys related to confinement and probation. Continued support will be provided for evaluations of the SafeFutures initiative, Safe Kids/Safe Streets, Partnerships To Reduce Juvenile Gun Violence, Intensive Community-Based Aftercare, teen court training and technical assistance, and several gang-related programs.

   New Programs

   OJJDP will also support new programs in several areas related to emerging issues facing the juvenile justice system. These programs are described below. The availability of funding for new competitive programs will be announced in the next few months in the Federal Register and posted on OJJDP's Web site at www.ojjdp.ncjrs.org under Grants and Funding.

   Three new programs fall in the area of information dissemination. The first, the Children's Court Communications Project, will help to publicize the centennial of the juvenile court. Jointly designed by the Justice Policy Institute, a project of the Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice, and the Children and Family Justice Center at Northwestern University School of Law, this project is designed to humanize juvenile court ``graduates,'' highlight their successes, and publicize lessons learned and best practices of the juvenile justice system. OJJDP funds will enable the project to disseminate stories about successful former juvenile court clients through a combined effort involving television, radio, and print public service announcements; a summary publication; and electronic and print media interviews, stories, and talk shows. In funding this effort, OJJDP is engaging in a public-private partnership with the MacArthur Foundation and the Annie E. Casey Foundation. The project will expand public knowledge and dialog about the juvenile court during its centennial and open the door for professionals, advocates, and community-based entities to learn about best practices and successes in the system.

   Education on Gun Violence and Safety is the second new program focusing on disseminating information and educating the public. OJJDP will partner with the Bureau of Justice Assistance to support Education on Gun Violence and Safety. This project seeks to educate gunowners and parents about how to safely use and store guns and how to protect children from gun violence. Through a coordinated communications, education, grassroots, and media campaign, the project will reach gunowners and other caring adults with important information on preventing youth's illegal access to and unlawful use of guns. In FY 1999, critical communications research with gunowners will determine their perceptions, attitudes, habits, and inclinations and thereby inform the communications strategy.

   OJJDP will participate in a joint Department of Justice/Federal Trade Commission Study of the Marketing of Media Violence, which will examine whether the motion picture, television, music, and video game industries market adult-rated material to young people. This study will analyze the degree to which violent entertainment is targeted at the very people who should not be exposed to it. The year-long study will also examine whether entertainment industries require, monitor, or encourage enforcement of the rating systems in stores and movie theaters.

   As described in the Proposed Program Plan, OJJDP is planning a joint initiative with the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, U.S. Department of Education, to establish a Center for Students With Disabilities in the Juvenile Justice System. The Secretary of Education and the Attorney General expect this project to have a significant impact on services for students with disabilities in the juvenile justice system. Improvements in these services will be based on a combination of research, training, and technical assistance. To meet the challenges of serving this population of students, positive changes must occur in the following areas: prevention, educational programming, and reintegration/transition. The Center for Students With Disabilities in the Juvenile Justice System will provide guidance and assistance to States, schools, justice programs, families, and communities to design, implement, and evaluate comprehensive educational programs based on research-validated practices for students with disabilities within the juvenile justice system.

   A new school-related prevention program is the School and Classroom Management Demonstration Project. OJJDP will support this North Carolina pilot initiative designed to improve classroom management and to assist in the creation of safe learning environments. Funds will be awarded to the Center for the Study of School Violence to manage the initial pilot in partnership with the University of North Carolina and the North Carolina State Board of Education. The State of North Carolina has made a commitment to support full implementation of the program. The purpose of the pilot program is to increase the ability of teachers and administrators to model and use sound conflict resolution practices by integrating skills training into preservice curriculums at North Carolina schools of education and by working with the North Carolina State Board of Education to change curriculum requirements to include conflict resolution skills training in the context of effective classroom management.

   OJJDP plans to partner with the U.S. Department of Education's Safe and Drug-Free Schools Program to fund Training and Technical Assistance for Sharing Information, a program on information sharing across disciplines. Protecting children, preventing delinquency, maintaining safe schools and communities, and ensuring accountability for juvenile offenders all require effective information sharing across the agencies responsible for these outcomes. Educators who see warning signs of delinquency can, by sharing information with justice and other youth- serving agencies, develop effective intervention strategies. At the other end of the spectrum, when the juvenile justice system is about to send an adjudicated offender back into the regular school system, justice officials

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   need to notify the school so it can provide needed support services to help the student succeed. These are just two examples of circumstances in which it is both appropriate and necessary to share information to ensure public safety.

   This new training and technical assistance program would provide guidance to school, court, police, probation and parole, child protective services, and health and social service agencies on opportunities, barriers, and legislation regarding sharing information on juveniles. The training would expand on guidance provided in Sharing Information: A Guide to the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act and Participation in Juvenile Justice Programs (OJJDP Program Report, 1997) to assist professionals interested in developing a range of interagency information sharing agreements. Training sessions would provide instruction on the legal, ethical, and institutional barriers to information sharing between/among parties with ``legitimate interests.'' Technical assistance would facilitate planning and implementing a practical system of information exchange that meets legal, ethical, and institutional requirements locally through collaborative decisionmaking and negotiation among agencies. The program would also support the development of interagency agreements and protocols for sharing information and data that reflect mutually agreeable policies and procedures.

   Two programs, in addition to the Circles of Care Program described in the Proposed Program Plan, address mental health issues as they relate to juvenile justice. These programs will further the overall goal of OJJDP's mental health strategy: to increase understanding of the mental health needs of at-risk youth and juvenile offenders, improve the quality of services and treatment they receive, and prevent their future involvement in the juvenile justice system. (Readers should note that, besides the programs funded under Parts C and D of Title II of the JJDP Act, funding for mental health programs related to juvenile justice is also available under the Juvenile Accountability Incentive Block Grants (JAIBG) Program administered by OJJDP. Information about JAIBG funding opportunities is available from the Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse at 800-638-8736 and from OJJDP's Web site at www.ojjdp.ncjrs.org.)

   In FY 1999, support for an update of the 1992 report Responding to the Mental Health Needs of Youth in the Juvenile Justice System will provide important information as to current trends and prevalence of mental health disorders and approaches and programs for dealing with this population. Systems interactions and legal issues affecting mentally disordered youth in the juvenile justice system are likely to be other topics covered by Responding to the Mental Health Needs of Youth in the Juvenile Justice System--Part II. Of particular importance is the need to address the issue of youth of color and their under representation in services. The GAINS Center on Co-occurring Disorders will provide oversight and technical review of individual chapters by knowledgeable researchers and practitioners.

   Another mental health project is Technical Assistance Support for the Comprehensive Children and Families Mental Health Projects. For the past several years, OJJDP has been participating in the Federal Partnership for Children's Mental Health, which was organized by the Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. In addition to OJJDP, this task group includes agencies within the U.S. Departments of Education and Health and Human Services. An outgrowth of this task group has been the development of interagency agreements between OJJDP and CMHS for OJJDP to support training and technical assistance for the 45 Comprehensive Children and Families Mental Health sites. The funds transferred to CMHS have supported training and technical assistance for the past 2 years to the sites on strategies for greater inclusion of juvenile- justice-involved youth in the continuum of care being developed under these grants. OJJDP will continue this support in FY 1999 as CMHS rebids its training and technical assistance contract. CMHS's 45 sites, with their developing comprehensive mental health services for children and families, present an excellent opportunity to improve mental health services for all children, including juvenile offenders.

   In a project called Helping Communities To Promote Youth Development, OJJDP will provide support to the Institute of Medicine/ National Research Council, National Academy of Sciences, to establish a committee that will review and synthesize existing evidence regarding the effectiveness of community-level interventions and service programs designed to promote positive youth development. The committee will also assess the strengths and limitations of measurement and methodologies that have been used to evaluate these interventions and address the policy and programmatic implications of this research. The committee will be composed of an interdisciplinary group of individuals with expertise in a range of fields (child and adolescent development, sociology, psychology, statistics and evaluation, youth service, and other relevant areas). The committee will meet periodically and will convene two workshops and commission background papers to inform the field. In addition to a final report that will synthesize the work of the committee, brief summary fact sheets will be widely disseminated to policymakers, local decisionmakers, program administrators, service providers, researchers, community organizers, and other key stakeholders.

   Three new efforts will be undertaken in the research area. The first, Field-Initiated Program of General Research, is part of OJJDP's larger Field-Initiated Research and Evaluation Program, which will combine general research with three additional topical areas (at-risk girls, Native Americans, and juvenile justice system interventions). Although most of the research funded by OJJDP derives from congressional mandates or addresses statutory priority areas that are narrowly defined, many innovative and important research ideas deserving support arise outside the Federal Government. The Field- Initiated Program of General Research allows OJJDP to provide flexible funding for creative and rigorous research that supports its mission. The ideal field-initiated project not only will increase the knowledge base regarding juvenile delinquency, but will have practical implications for juvenile justice policies and practices. In past years, OJJDP has supported field-initiated research on such topics as gangs in correctional institutions, mental health issues in the juvenile justice system, and juvenile sex offending. Investigators applying for FY 1999 funding may wish to consider (but are not limited to) projects in the following areas: serious and violent juvenile offenders, risk versus protective factors for juvenile offending, development of risk and needs assessment tools for courts and correctional facilities, impact of juvenile transfers to adult court, causes of early-onset offending, causes of desistance from offending, characteristics and needs of very young offenders, and development of innovative intervention programs for specific subgroups of juvenile offenders.

   In another research program, Pornography on the Internet, OJJDP will provide funds to the National Academy of Sciences for a 2-year study that will

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   address the capabilities of today's technologies for controlling electronic transmission of pornographic images, identify what is needed to develop more effective and practical control technology for such material, analyze the inherent limitations of such technology, and identify operational policies or management techniques needed to ensure the effectiveness of technologies for controlling transmission of pornographic images. The results of this study will be used in the context of possible options for action by legislators, law enforcement, regulators, industry groups, online service providers, educators, and parents.

   In collaboration with the National Institute of Justice's Crime Mapping Research Center, OJJDP will support the research and development of mapping software that will allow State and local communities to use geographic data to facilitate and strengthen planning and implementation of programmatic activities, assessment of conditions and trends, and development of comprehensive plans. The Crime and Data Mapping Project will create a software package that will map geospatial data and be useful for immediate strategic planning needs within a local community. It will also provide a geographic information system (GIS) program platform for bringing together multiple data elements and sources for more thorough strategic planning. The software developed will provide not only the ability to map GIS-coded data that includes crime data, but also a tool for analyzing the multiple data variables. This funding will provide initial support to a technologically appropriate organization for the development of software.

   With the endorsement of the Drug-Free Communities Advisory Commission, OJJDP has decided to provide additional resources to support the strengthening of the training and technical assistance component of the Drug-Free Communities Support Program. This support will directly supplement the Office of National Drug Control Policy's training and technical assistance budget, which currently funds the Centers for the Application of Prevention Technologies through an interagency agreement with the Center for Substance Abuse Prevention. This funding will provide additional support and customized assistance to the Drug-Free Communities Support Program grantees.

   Finally, in FY 1999, OJJDP is considering enhancing its assistance to the field in the area of community-based gang intervention, consistent with the OJJDP Comprehensive Gang Model, and in the area of school-centered antigang efforts. Work currently being conducted under OJJDP's Comprehensive Community-Wide Approach to Gang Prevention, Intervention, and Suppression and OJJDP's Rural Gang Initiative has resulted in lessons learned that will be helpful to various types of jurisdictions around the country as they develop comprehensive gang programs. No applications are currently being solicited. Separate solicitations for these programs (both community-based gang intervention and school-centered antigang efforts) may be issued at a later date.

   Together, the programs in this Comprehensive Plan constitute a practical, multifaceted, and comprehensive approach to effectively preventing juvenile delinquency and victimization.

   Fiscal Year 1999 Programs

   The following are brief summaries of each of the new and continuation programs projected to receive Part C and Part D funding in FY 1999. As indicated above, the program categories are public safety and law enforcement; strengthening the juvenile justice system; delinquency prevention and intervention; and child abuse and neglect and dependency courts. However, because many programs have significant elements of more than one of these program categories or generally support all of OJJDP's programs, they are listed in an initial program category, called overarching programs. With regard to implementation sites and other descriptive data and information, program priorities within each category will be determined based on grantee performance, application quality, fund availability, and other factors. Programs are listed alphabetically within each category.

   A number of OJJDP programs have been identified for funding consideration by Congress with regard to the grantee(s), the amount of funds, or both. These programs, which are listed below, are not included in the program descriptions that follow.

   National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges Teens, Crime, and the Community Parents Anonymous, Inc. Juvenile Offender Transition Program Suffolk University Center for Juvenile Justice Center for Crimes and Violence Against Children Metro Denver Gang Coalition L.A. Best Youth Intensive Services for Juveniles and Families Delancy Street Juvenile Justice Program in Alaska National Association of State Fire Marshals Syracuse-Onondaga County Drug and Alcohol Abuse Commission Law-Related Education Hamilton Fish National Institute on School and Community Violence

   In addition, OJJDP has been directed to examine each of the following, provide assistance if warranted, and report to the Committees on Appropriations of both the House and the Senate on its intention for each proposal:

   Low Country Children's Center Center for Prevention of Juvenile Crime and Delinquency at Prairie View University Project O.A.S.I.S. Consortium on Children, Families, and Law Women of Vision Program for Youthful Female Offenders Violence Institute of New Jersey L.A. Bridges Youth Programs Compton Youth Intervention Center for AfterSchool Programs Kids With a Promise Program Operation Quality Time Achievable Dream Program Secure School Pilot Program Youth Advocates Program Camden Urban Science Enrichment Program Juvenile Crime Reduction Strategies Pilot Program School Security Technology Center New Mexico Cooperative Service Extension 4-H Youth Development Program Adolescent Residential Treatment Program Coalition for Drug-Free Lanai Youth Courts in Alaska Sioux Falls, South Dakota School District for Youth Programs South Dakota Unified Judicial System Nebraska Commission for Law Enforcement for Youth Programs Chicago Public Schools Substance Abuse Program Minnehaha, South Dakota, County Sheriff's Office for Youth Programs Essex Teen Center and other Vermont Coalition for Teen Center's Members Comprehensive Juvenile Justice Crime Prevention Initiative in Gainesville Multistate Youth Violence Prevention Network State of Hawaii to combat teen prostitution Safe Places for Kids

   The FY 1999 Omnibus Appropriations Conference agreement also urges OJJDP to work with the Head Start Bureau and other Federal agencies to coordinate an effort to increase public/private partnerships, such as Free to Grow, aimed at strengthening families and communities in their efforts to reduce the negative effect of substance abuse and use on the development of young children.

   Fiscal Year 1999 Program Listing

   Overarching

   Coalition for Juvenile Justice Cost-Benefit Analysis of Juvenile Justice Programs Evaluation of SafeFutures

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   Insular Area Support Intergenerational Transmission of Antisocial Behavior Project Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse Juvenile Justice Statistics and Systems Development OJJDP Management Evaluation Contract OJJDP Technical Assistance Support Contract--Juvenile Justice Resource Center Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency SafeFutures: Partnerships To Reduce Youth Violence and Delinquency Study Group on Very Young Offenders Technical Assistance for State Legislatures Telecommunications Assistance Training and Technical Assistance Coordination for the SafeFutures and Safe Kids/Safe Streets Initiatives

   Public Safety and Law Enforcement

   The Chicago Project for Violence Prevention Child Development-Community-Oriented Policing (CD-CP) Comprehensive Community-Wide Approach to Gang Prevention, Intervention, and Suppression Program Evaluation of the Comprehensive Community-Wide Approach to Gang Prevention, Intervention, and Suppression Program Evaluation of the Partnerships To Reduce Juvenile Gun Violence Program Gang Prevention Through Targeted Outreach (Boys & Girls Clubs) National Youth Gang Center Partnerships To Reduce Juvenile Gun Violence Survey of School-Based Gang Prevention and Intervention Programs Training and Technical Assistance for the Rural Gang Initiative

   Delinquency Prevention and Intervention

   Advertising Campaign--Investing in Youth for a Safer Future Assessing Alcohol, Drug, and Mental Health Disorders The CETARY Project Communities in Schools--Federal Interagency Partnership Community Anti-Drug Abuse Technical Assistance Voucher Project The Congress of National Black Churches: National Anti-Drug Abuse/ Violence Campaign (NADVC) A Demonstration Afterschool Program Diffusion of State Risk-and Protective-Factor Focused Prevention Hate Crime Home Visitation Multisite, Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder National Center for Conflict Resolution Education No Hope in Dope Project Partnerships for Preventing Violence Proactive Youth Program Risk Reduction Via Promotion of Youth Development The SAGE Project and PRIDE Center Afterschool Program Strengthening Services for Chemically Involved Children, Youth, and Families Technical Assistance to Title V Training and Technical Assistance for Family Strengthening Programs

   Strengthening the Juvenile Justice System

   Balanced and Restorative Justice Project (BARJ) Blueprints for Violence Prevention: Training and Technical Assistance Building Blocks for Youth Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement Circles of Care Program Development of the Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders Evaluation of the Intensive Community-Based Aftercare Program Evaluation of Teen Courts Gender-Specific Programming for Female Juvenile Offenders Intensive Community-Based Aftercare Demonstration and Technical Assistance Program Intensive Treatment Family Programs (ITF) The Juvenile Justice Prosecution Unit Juvenile Residential Facility Census Juvenile Sex Offender Typology Juvenile Transfers to Criminal Court Studies Linking Balanced and Restorative Justice and Adolescents (LIBRA) National Academy of Sciences Study of Juvenile Justice National Juvenile Justice Program Directory The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 97 Performance-Based Standards for Juvenile Correction and Detention Facilities Quantum Opportunities Program (QOP) Evaluation Survey of Juvenile Probation Technical Assistance to Juvenile Corrections and Detention (The James E. Gould Memorial Program) Technical Assistance to Native Americans TeenSupreme Career Preparation Initiative Training and Technical Assistance for National Innovations To Reduce Disproportionate Minority Confinement (The Deborah Ann Wysinger Memorial Program) Training and Technical Support for State and Local Jurisdictional Teams To Focus on Juvenile Corrections and Detention Overcrowding

   Child Abuse and Neglect and Dependency Courts

   National Evaluation of the Safe Kids/Safe Streets Program Safe Kids/Safe Streets: Community Approaches to Reducing Abuse and Neglect and Preventing Delinquency

   Overarching

   Coalition for Juvenile Justice

   This project supports the Coalition in its efforts to meet the statutory mandates through the development of a technical assistance capability that provides training, technical assistance, and information to the State Juvenile Justice Advisory Groups. This will be accomplished through a series of regional training and information workshops and a national conference designed to address the needs of the membership of the Coalition.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the Coalition for Juvenile Justice. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Cost-Benefit Analysis of Juvenile Justice Programs

   The University of Texas and the Dallas County Juvenile Department are working together to perform a substantive cost-benefit analysis of juvenile adjudications in the county to explore the extent to which the method can provide better answers to increasingly urgent questions by decisionmakers. The work, funded under an FY 1997 competitive grant, is examining several important methodological and practical issues, including methods of determining alternative measures for and the extent of beneficial program effects and estimating and allocating unit costs-benefit relationships of different programs. Through the process of addressing these and related matters under the guidance of an advisory board composed of individuals directly engaged in the juvenile justice field at the local and State level, the project will also show how the method can be made immediately useful to decisionmakers.

   This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the University of Texas--Dallas. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Evaluation of SafeFutures

   A national evaluation competitively awarded with FY 1995 funds is being conducted by the Urban Institute to determine the success of the SafeFutures initiative in creating a comprehensive continuum of care for youth in six participating sites (Boston, Massachusetts; Contra Costa County and Imperial County, California; Fort Belknap, Montana; Seattle, Washington; and St. Louis, Missouri). The evaluation addresses the program implementation process and measures performance outcomes and lessons learned about the challenges and accomplishments across the six sites. A cross-site report will document the process of program implementation and community outcomes for use by other funding agencies or communities that want to develop and implement a comprehensive community-based strategy to address serious, violent, and chronic delinquency.

   The evaluation will be implemented by the current grantee, the Urban

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   Institute. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Insular Area Support

   The purpose of this statutorily required program is to provide support to the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. Funds are available to address the special needs and problems of juvenile delinquency in these insular areas, as specified by Section 261(e) of the JJDP Act of 1974, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 5665(e).

   Intergenerational Transmission of Antisocial Behavior Project

   The purpose of this project is to expand on the Rochester Youth Development Study by examining the development of antisocial behavior and delinquency in the children of the original Rochester, New York, subjects of OJJDP's Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency. By age 21, 40 percent of the original Rochester subjects were parents. This provides a unique opportunity to examine and track the development of delinquent behavior across three generations in a particularly high-risk sample. Results of the study should provide useful findings with policy implications for prevention programs. The program is being funded under an FY 1998 interagency agreement between OJJDP and the National Institute of Mental Health.

   The project will be implemented by the current grantee, SUNY Research Foundation. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse

   A component of the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS), the Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse (JJC) collects, synthesizes, and disseminates information on all aspects of juvenile justice. OJJDP established the Clearinghouse in 1979 to serve the juvenile justice community, legislators, the media, and the public. JJC offers toll-free telephone access to information; prepares specialized responses to information requests; produces, warehouses, and distributes OJJDP publications; exhibits at national conferences; maintains a comprehensive juvenile justice library and database; and administers several electronic information resources. NCJRS is administered by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) under a competitively awarded contract to Aspen Systems Corporation.

   This program will be implemented by the current contractor, Aspen Systems Corporation. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Juvenile Justice Statistics and Systems Development

   The Juvenile Justice Statistics and Systems Development (SSD) program was competitively awarded in FY 1990 to the National Center for Juvenile Justice (NCJJ) to improve national, State, and local statistics on juveniles as victims and offenders. The project has focused on three major tasks: (1) Assessing how current information needs are being met with existing data collection efforts and recommending options for improving national level statistics; (2) analyzing data and disseminating information gathered from existing Federal statistical series and national studies; and (3) providing training and technical assistance tools for local agencies in developing or enhancing management information systems.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, NCJJ. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   OJJDP Management Evaluation Contract

   This contract was competitively awarded in FY 1995 for a period of 3 years to provide OJJDP with an expert resource to perform independent program evaluations and assist in implementing evaluation activities. Evaluations may be conducted on OJJDP-funded programs and on other programs designed to prevent and treat juvenile delinquency. The time and cost of each evaluation depends on program complexity, availability of data, and purpose of the evaluation. Because the purpose of many evaluations is to inform management decisions, the completion of an evaluation and submission of a report may be required in a specific and, often, short time period.

   This contract will be implemented by the current contractor, Caliber Associates. However, a new competitive contract solicitation will also be issued and a new contract awarded in FY 1999.

   OJJDP Technical Assistance Support Contract--Juvenile Justice Resource Center

   This contract has been competitively awarded since the mid-1980's when OJJDP identified the need for technical assistance support in carrying out its mission. The Juvenile Justice Resource Center (JJRC) provides technical assistance and support to OJJDP, its grantees, and the Coordinating Council on Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention in the areas of program development, evaluation, training, and research. With assistance from expert consultants, JJRC coordinates the peer review process for OJJDP grant applications and grantee reports, conducts research and prepares reports on current juvenile justice issues, plans meetings and conferences, and provides administrative support to various Federal councils and boards.

   This contract will be implemented by the current contractor, Aspen Systems Corporation. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency

   Since 1986, this longitudinal study has addressed a variety of issues related to juvenile violence and delinquency and has produced a massive amount of information on the causes and correlates of delinquent behavior. Three project sites participate: Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado at Boulder; Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh; and Hindelang Criminal Justice Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York. The sites pursue both collaborative research efforts and site-specific research. Results from the study have been used extensively in the field of juvenile justice and contributed significantly to the development of OJJDP's Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders and other program initiatives.

   This program will be implemented by the current grantees. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   SafeFutures: Partnerships To Reduce Youth Violence and Delinquency

   Since FY 1995, this 5-year project has awarded grants of up to $1.4 million annually to each of six communities (Boston, Massachusetts; Contra Costa County and Imperial County, California; Fort Belknap, Montana; Seattle, Washington; and St. Louis, Missouri) to assist in implementing comprehensive community programs designed to reduce youth violence, delinquency, and victimization through the creation of a continuum of care in communities. This continuum enables communities to respond to the needs of youth at critical stages of their development through a range of prevention, intervention, treatment, and sanctions programs.

   SafeFutures activities will be carried out by the current grantees. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

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   Study Group on Very Young Offenders

   Modeled after the OJJDP Study Group on Serious and Violent Juvenile Offenders, this program is exploring what is known about the prevalence and frequency of very young (under the age of 13) offending. In FY 1998, OJJDP supplemented a grant to the University of Pittsburgh, the grantee for the Study Group on Serious and Violent Juvenile Offenders. The Study Group on Very Young Offenders is examining whether such offending predicts future delinquent or criminal careers, how these youth are handled by various systems including juvenile justice, mental health, and social services; and what methods are best for preventing very young offending and persistence of offending. This project will disseminate the results of its research to the public, policymakers, and practitioners. The Study Group is also assisting OJJDP in formulating a 5-year research agenda for OJJDP and the juvenile justice field.

   This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic at the University of Pittsburgh. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Technical Assistance for State Legislatures

   Since FY 1995, OJJDP has awarded annual grants to the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL) to provide relevant, timely information on comprehensive approaches in juvenile justice to aid State legislators in improving State juvenile justice systems. Nearly every State has enacted, or is considering, statutory changes affecting the juvenile justice system. This project has helped policymakers understand the ramifications and nuances of juvenile justice reform. The grant has improved capacity for the delivery of information services to legislatures. The project also supports increased communication between State legislators and State and local leaders who influence decisionmaking regarding juvenile justice issues.

   The project will be implemented by the current grantee, NCSL. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Telecommunications Assistance

   OJJDP uses information technology and distance training to facilitate access to information and training for juvenile justice professionals. This cost-effective medium enhances OJJDP's ability to share with the field salient elements of the most effective or promising approaches to various juvenile justice issues. In FY 1995, OJJDP awarded a competitive grant to Eastern Kentucky University (EKU) to produce live satellite teleconferences. In FY 1998, OJJDP continued the cooperative agreement with EKU to provide program support and technical assistance for a variety of information technologies. The grantee also explored linkages with key constituent groups to advance mutual information goals and objectives. During the past year, EKU has experimented with cybercasting ``live'' satellite videoconferences on the Internet.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, EKU. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Training and Technical Assistance Coordination for the SafeFutures and Safe Kids/Safe Streets Initiatives

   OJJDP will provide funding for long-term training and technical assistance to the SafeFutures and Safe Kids/Safe Streets initiatives. This coordination effort builds local capacity for implementing and sustaining effective continuum of care and systems change approaches in six SafeFutures and five Safe Kids/Safe Streets sites. Project activities include assessment, identification, and coordination of the implementation of training and technical assistance needs at each of the sites and administration of cross-site training.

   This program will be implemented by the current grantee, Patricia Donahue. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Public Safety and Law Enforcement

   The Chicago Project for Violence Prevention

   The Chicago Project for Violence Prevention is a citywide, long- term effort to reduce violence. Objectives include reductions in homicide, physical injury, disability and emotional harm from assault, domestic abuse, sexual abuse and rape, and child abuse and neglect. A partnership among the Chicago Department of Public Health, the Illinois Council for the Prevention of Violence, the University of Illinois, and Chicago communities, the project began in 1995 with joint funding from OJJDP and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, the Bureau of Justice Assistance, and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. The project provides technical assistance to a variety of community- based and citywide organizations involved in violence prevention planning.

   The Chicago Project for Violence Prevention will be implemented by the current grantee, the University of Illinois, School of Public Health. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Child Development-Community-Oriented Policing (CD-CP)

   The Child Development-Community-Oriented Policing (CD-CP) program is an innovative partnership between the New Haven Department of Police Services and the Child Study Center at the Yale University School of Medicine that addresses the psychological burdens on children, families, and the broader community of children witnessing increasing levels of community violence. In FY 1993, OJJDP provided support to document Yale--New Haven's child-centered, community-oriented policing model. The model consists of interrelated training of police officers, consultation, and teaming mental health clinicians with law enforcement in intervening onsite with children and families who witness violence. OJJDP, with first-year support from the Bureau of Justice Assistance, funded a 3-year replication of the model in Buffalo, New York; Charlotte, North Carolina; Nashville, Tennessee; and Portland, Oregon. Other OJP components joined OJJDP in funding an expansion of CD-CP in FY 1998. This expansion moved the project into school-based activities and the area of addressing exposure to violence in domestic violence settings and will continue to do so in FY 1999.

   This project will be continued by the current grantee, the Yale University School of Medicine, in collaboration with the New Haven Department of Police Services. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Comprehensive Community-Wide Approach to Gang Prevention, Intervention, and Suppression Program

   This program supports implementation of a comprehensive gang program model in five jurisdictions (Bloomington, Illinois; Mesa, Arizona; Riverside, California; San Antonio, Texas; and Tucson, Arizona). OJJDP will continue funding for the program, which was competitively awarded with FY 1994 funds. The demonstration sites are implementing a model developed by the University of Chicago with OJJDP funding support. Implementation requires the mobilization of the community to address gang-related violence by making available and coordinating social interventions, providing social/academic/vocational

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   and other opportunities, and supporting gang suppression through law enforcement, probation, and other community control mechanisms. Each site has established a multidisciplinary team to coordinate the services that project youth receive. Included in the service mix is accountability or social control. Demonstration sites also receive training and technical assistance.

   This project will be implemented by the current demonstration sites. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Evaluation of the Comprehensive Community-Wide Approach to Gang Prevention, Intervention, and Suppression Program

   OJJDP will continue funding this evaluation. Under a 4-year competitive cooperative agreement awarded in FY 1995, the evaluation grantee assisted the five program sites (Bloomington, Illinois; Mesa, Arizona; Riverside, California; San Antonio, Texas; and Tucson, Arizona) in establishing realistic and measurable objectives, documenting program implementation, and measuring the impact of this comprehensive approach. It has also provided interim feedback to the program implementors and trained the local site interviewers. The grantee will continue to gather and analyze data required to evaluate the program; monitor and oversee the quality control of data; provide assistance for completion of interviews; and provide ongoing feedback to project sites.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the University of Chicago, School of Social Service Administration. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Evaluation of the Partnerships To Reduce Juvenile Gun Violence Program

   This 3-year project began with a competitive award in FY 1997 to document and evaluate the process of community mobilization, planning, and collaboration needed to develop a comprehensive, collaborative approach to reducing gun violence involving juveniles. The Partnerships to Reduce Juvenile Gun Violence Program is being implemented in four sites: Baton Rouge and Shreveport, Louisiana; Oakland, California: and Syracuse, New York. In addition to working with these sites, the grantee will also identify additional promising or effective programs underway in communities across the country and evaluate a select number of these programs. An expanded base of youth gun violence programs offers greater opportunity to identify sites that are employing similar strategies with different populations.

   This evaluation will be implemented by the current grantee, COSMOS Corporation. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Gang Prevention Through Targeted Outreach (Boys and Girls Clubs)

   The purpose of this program is to enable local Boys & Girls Clubs to prevent youth from entering gangs, intervene with gang members in the early stages of gang involvement, and divert youth from gang activities into more constructive programs. This program reflects the ongoing pattern of cooperation between OJJDP and the Boys & Girls Clubs to reduce problems of juvenile delinquency and violence. The Boys & Girls Clubs of America provides training and technical assistance to local gang prevention and intervention sites, including some at SafeFutures and OJJDP Comprehensive Gang sites. The project includes funds for local clubs to implement the Targeted Outreach program. A national evaluation of this program is being implemented by Public/ Private Ventures.

   This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the Boys & Girls Clubs of America. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   National Youth Gang Center

   The proliferation of gang problems over the past two decades led OJJDP to develop a comprehensive, coordinated response to America's gang problem. This response involved five program components, one of which was implementation and operation of the National Youth Gang Center (NYGC), competitively funded with FY 1994 funds, to expand and maintain the body of critical knowledge about youth gangs and effective responses to them. NYGC provides support services to the National Youth Gang Consortium, composed of Federal agencies with responsibilities in this area. NYGC is also providing technical assistance for the Rural Gang Initiative planning and assessment phase. OJJDP will extend the NYGC project an additional year and provide FY 1999 funds to NYGC to conduct more indepth analyses of the National Youth Gang Survey results that track changes in gang membership and gang-related crime, produce timely information on the nature and scope of the youth gang problem, and continue its efforts to foster integration of gang-related items into other relevant surveys and national data collection efforts.

   This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the Institute for Intergovernmental Research. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Partnerships To Reduce Juvenile Gun Violence

   OJJDP will award continuation grants to each of three competitively selected communities that initially received funds in FY 1997 to increase the effectiveness of existing youth gun violence reduction strategies by enhancing and coordinating prevention, intervention, and suppression strategies and strengthening linkages between community residents, law enforcement, and the juvenile justice system. Baton Rouge, Louisiana; Oakland, California: and Syracuse, New York, were selected to receive 3-year awards. The goals of this initiative are to reduce juveniles' illegal access to guns and address the reasons they carry and use guns in violent exchanges. A national evaluation currently underway will document the process of community mobilization, planning, and collaboration needed to develop a comprehensive, collaborative approach to reducing juvenile gun violence.

   The Partnerships To Reduce Juvenile Gun Violence program will be carried out by the three current grantees. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Survey of School-Based Gang Prevention and Intervention Programs

   Under a competitively awarded FY 1997 grant, this project is classifying and describing approaches used by schools to prevent or reduce gang involvement among students in a large sample of urban, suburban, and rural schools. In addition, a search and review of activities undertaken by States to identify and evaluate school-based gang prevention and intervention programs will be completed. Based on a review of programs identified in a national survey currently under way, a small number of promising programs will be examined more closely and described. Technical reports will describe the full range of gang prevention and intervention currently being implemented in the United States, and they will compare program types and quality of implementation across different school levels and locations. A report will highlight promising programs and practices and include guidelines on program development.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, Gottfredson Associates, Inc. No additional

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   applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Training and Technical Assistance for the Rural Gang Initiative

   In FY 1998, OJJDP provided supplemental funding support to the National Youth Gang Center to provide training and technical assistance to demonstration sites under OJJDP's Rural Gang Initiative. In FY 1999, training and technical assistance will continue to be provided to those sites chosen to implement the OJJDP Comprehensive Gang model. Training and technical assistance will focus on adapting the OJJDP model to rural jurisdictions and on implementing the model in a theoretically sound manner. Assistance will be delivered through onsite visits, conferences, meetings, and other means such as telephone and electronic media.

   This initiative will be implemented by the current grantee, the National Youth Gang Center. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Delinquency Prevention and Intervention

   Advertising Campaign--Investing in Youth for a Safer Future

   OJJDP will continue its support, which began in FY 1997, of the National Crime Prevention Council's (NCPC's) ad campaign, ``Investing in Youth for A Safer Future,'' through the transfer of funds to the Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) under an Intra-agency Agreement. OJJDP and BJA are working with the NCPC Media Unit to produce, disseminate, and support effective public service advertising and related media to inform the public of effective solutions to juvenile crime and to motivate young people and adults to get involved and support these solutions. The featured solutions include effective prevention programs and intervention strategies.

   The program will be administered by BJA through its existing grant to NCPC. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Assessing Alcohol, Drug, and Mental Health Disorders

   This project supplements an ongoing National Institute of Mental Health study assessing alcohol, drug, and mental health disorders among juveniles in detention in Cook County, Illinois. The project has three primary goals: (1) To determine how alcohol, drug, and mental disorders develop over time among juvenile detainees; (2) to investigate whether juvenile detainees receive needed psychiatric services after their cases reach disposition (and they are back in the community or serving sentences); and (3) to study the development of dangerous and risky behaviors. The study will investigate how violence, drug use, and HIV/ AIDS risk behaviors develop over time, what the antecedents of these behaviors are, and how these behaviors are interrelated. This project is unique because the sample is so large: it includes 1,833 youth from Chicago who were arrested and interviewed between 1996 and 1998. The sample is stratified by gender, race (African American, non-Hispanic white, Hispanic), age (10-13, 14-17), and severity of charge. The investigators will reinterview subjects whether they are back in the community or incarcerated. Because the sample is so large, there will be sufficient statistical power to study rarer disorders (especially comorbidity), patterns of drug use, and risky, life-threatening behaviors. OJJDP funding for this project began in FY 1998.

   The project will be implemented by the current grantee, Northwestern University. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   The CETARY Project

   The goals of this project are to provide 20 second-time juvenile offenders, up to age 18, an opportunity to enroll in an intense and structured culinary arts training program; develop and maintain linkage and employment opportunities for the youth; and place a minimum of 18 youth in an accredited continuing education program and/or in the workplace with full-time employment. Funded in FY 1998, the project also provides a counseling specialist who helps the youth establish job readiness and who coordinates placement between career development and employment. General educational development (GED) classes are also offered. Continuous progress evaluations and needs assessments are implemented and enforced for each youth.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, Johnson & Wales University. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Communities In Schools--Federal Interagency Partnership

   This program will continue an ongoing national school dropout prevention model developed and implemented by Communities In Schools, Inc. (CIS). CIS, Inc., provides training and technical assistance in adapting and implementing the CIS model in States and local communities. The model brings social, employment, mental health, drug prevention, entrepreneurship, and other resources to high-risk youth and their families in the school setting. Where they exist, CIS State organizations assume primary responsibility for local program replication during the Federal Interagency Partnership. The Partnership is based on enhancing (1) CIS, Inc., training and technical assistance capabilities; (2) its capability to introduce selected initiatives to youth at the local level; (3) its information dissemination capability; and (4) its capability to network with Federal agencies on behalf of State and local CIS programs.

   The program will be implemented by the current grantee, Communities In Schools, Inc. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Community Anti-Drug Abuse Technical Assistance Voucher Project

   Through the Community Anti-Drug Abuse Technical Assistance Voucher Project, the National Center for Neighborhood Enterprise (NCNE) has been awarding vouchers for several years to grassroots organizations to purchase technical assistance and training to effectively address the problem of juvenile drug abuse. NCNE has established a clearinghouse featuring more than 1,200 promising and proven anti-drug programs. The impact of technical assistance vouchers includes enhanced organizational visibility, larger grant awards for indigenous groups, and expanded and increased services resulting from technical assistance in program development and staff training. In addition to awarding vouchers for technical assistance, NCNE provides technical assistance to applicants regarding the development of their mission, goals, and objectives.

   The Community Anti-Drug Abuse Technical Assistance Voucher Project will be implemented by the current grantee, the National Center for Neighborhood Enterprise. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   The Congress of National Black Churches: National Anti-Drug Abuse/ Violence Campaign (NADVC)

   The Congress of National Black Churches (CNBC) addresses the problems of juvenile drug abuse, violence, and hate crime through its national public awareness and mobilization strategy. The strategy coordinates the black religious leadership, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Justice and other Federal agencies and organizations, to mobilize

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   community residents to combat juvenile drug abuse and drug-related violence. The CNBC National Anti-Drug Abuse/Violence Campaign (NADVC) is a partner in the Education Development Center's (EDC) Juvenile Hate Crime Initiative. NADVC's training and technical assistance have helped sites leverage funds from public and private sources. The NADVC model for the development of prevention programs is easily tailored to the local community's assessment of its drug, delinquency, violence, and hate crime problems.

   The program will be implemented by the current grantee, the Congress of National Black Churches. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   A Demonstration Afterschool Program

   This project, known as Estrella, is using FY 1998 funds to design and evaluate a pilot afterschool program to reduce juvenile delinquency and increase educational retention at Gadsden Independent School District in Dona Ana County, New Mexico. Through a curriculum of hands- on science and reading projects and supervised recreation, Estrella is providing a constructive alternative to afternoons of unsupervised free time. New Mexico Mathematics, Engineering, Science Achievement (NM MESA) will provide the academic component of the program. Middle school students will mentor elementary students in a highly interactive learning environment developed through the use of the nationally recognized MESA curriculums. The New Mexico Police Athletic League (PAL) will provide a sports component to round out the program. The University of New Mexico's Institute for Social Research will evaluate the program using both qualitative and quantitative methods.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the University of New Mexico--Regents. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Diffusion of State Risk- and Protective-Factor Focused Prevention

   Since FY 1997, OJJDP has provided funds to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, through an interagency agreement, to support this 5-year study of the public health approach to prevention, focusing on risk and protective factors for substance abuse at the State and community levels. The study will identify factors that influence the adoption of the public health approach and assess the association between this approach and the levels of risk and protective factors and substance abuse among adolescents. The study will also examine State substance abuse data gathered from 1988 through 2001 and use interviews to describe the process of implementing the epidemiological risk-and protective-factor approach in Colorado, Kansas, Illinois, Maine, Oregon, Utah, and Washington.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the Social Development Research Group at the University of Washington School of Social Work. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Hate Crime

   Under an OJJDP grant competitively awarded in FY 1993, the Education Development Center (EDC) developed Healing the Hate, a multipurpose curriculum for hate crime prevention in middle schools and other classroom settings. OJJDP expanded this grant to allow EDC to provide training and technical assistance to youth, educators, juvenile justice and law enforcement professionals, and representatives of local public/private community agencies and organizations and the faith community. In FY 1999, EDC will expand its training and technical assistance to new sites and further disseminate the products through the education and juvenile justice networks. In addition, EDC will provide onsite, short-term technical assistance to practitioners interested in hate crime issues. EDC will also assist State juvenile justice agencies to formulate hate crime prevention components for their juvenile delinquency prevention plans.

   The project will be implemented by the current grantee, Education Development Center. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Home Visitation

   This program integrates prenatal and early childhood nurse home visitation into five sites of Operation Weed and Seed (Clearwater, Florida; Fresno, Los Angeles, and Oakland, CA; and Oklahoma City, OK) and one SafeFutures site (St. Louis, MO). Operation Weed and Seed is a national initiative to make communities safe through law enforcement activities and to rebuild the community through social services and economic redevelopment in crime-ridden communities across the country. SafeFutures is an initiative to assist in implementing comprehensive community programs designed to reduce youth violence, delinquency, and victimization through the creation of a continuum of care in communities. The nurse home visitation program addresses three major goals: (1) Preparation of clear, comprehensive home visitation materials to facilitate dissemination and accurate replication of the program; (2) dissemination of the program to the six sites and provision of technical support and training to local staff; and (3) an evaluation of the program with a significant research focus on the dissemination process.

   The project will be implemented by the current grantee, the University of Colorado Health Services Center. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Multisite, Multimodal Treatment Study of Children With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

   OJJDP will transfer funds under an interagency agreement with the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) to support this research, funded principally by NIMH. In 1992, NIMH began a study of the long- term efficacy of stimulant medication and intensive behavioral and educational treatment for children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although ADHD is classified as a childhood disorder, up to 70 percent of afflicted children continue to experience symptoms in adolescence and adulthood. The study will continue through 2000 and will follow the original families and a comparison group. OJJDP's participation, which began in FY 1998, will allow for investigation into the subjects' delinquent behavior and contact with the legal system, including arrests and court referrals.

   OJJDP will support this study through an interagency agreement with NIMH. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   National Center for Conflict Resolution Education

   Funded under a competitively awarded cooperative agreement in FY 1995, the National Center for Conflict Resolution Education works to integrate conflict resolution education (CRE) programming into all levels of education in schools, juvenile facilities, and youth-serving organizations. In FY 1998, OJJDP entered into a partnership with the U.S. Department of Education to expand and enhance this project. The grantee provides training and technical assistance through onsite training and consultation for teams from schools, communities, and juvenile facilities; by providing resource materials including the guide to implementing conflict resolution programs; and by partnering with State-level agencies to establish

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   State training institutes and otherwise build local capacity to implement successful CRE programs for youth. The Center also facilitates peer-to-peer mentoring.

   Additionally, the National Center for Conflict Resolution Education has developed the interactive portion of a CD-ROM that is part of an MTV campaign against violence. Through its Juvenile Justice Clearinghouse, OJJDP is making available to MTV viewers 1 million free copies of the CD-ROM/Action Guide package. The CD-ROM presents real- life situations that confront young people and gives them the skills needed to resolve conflicts peacefully. Besides OJJDP, the Bureau of Justice Assistance and the Safe and Drug-Free Schools Program of the U.S. Department of Education are providing funding for this MTV project.

   The project will be implemented by the current grantee, Illinois Institute for Dispute Resolution. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   No Hope in Dope Project

   The goal of the No Hope in Dope (NHID) program, funded under an FY 1998 OJJDP grant, is to prevent, reduce, or delay the onset of substance abuse in elementary, intermediate, and high school students in Hawaii's Windward Oaho area. This goal will be accomplished by using a community-based approach that makes antidrug norms clear, salient, and useful as guides for behavior. The program uses opinion-leading student athletes, the No Hope in Dope seminar, and the Officer Honolulu Safety Program. NHID is a program of Project Hope in coordination with the Kahuku and Castle School complexes of the Windward Oahu School District and the Honolulu Police Department. The program will be evaluated with a pre/post intervention design that will allow conclusions about the effectiveness of this community-and school-level intervention.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, Operation Hope. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Partnerships for Preventing Violence

   This program will continue for a second year in a multiple funding agreement among OJJDP, the U.S. Department of Education, and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to provide support for distance training using satellite videconferencing as the medium. The project, funded under a 3-year grant, consists of a series of six live, interactive satellite training broadcasts that focus on violence prevention programs and strategies that have proven promising or effective. The training is targeted to school and community violence prevention personnel, health care providers, law enforcement officials, and other service providers representing a variety of community-based and youth-serving organizations. To date, two events have been held; the third telecast is scheduled for April 16, 1999.

   The project will be implemented by the current grantee, Harvard University School of Public Health. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Proactive Youth Program

   The New Mexico Police Activities League (PAL) is implementing a statewide prevention project consisting of recreational, educational, and cultural activities for families and youth between the ages of 5 and 18, but focused on at-risk youth and their families. The Albuquerque PAL will provide the initial model for the organization and implementation of the New Mexico PAL project. Local PAL programs will be initiated in at least 12 other New Mexico communities. Schedules for core programs will be coordinated, and a system of regional and statewide activities will be established. The overall goal of the project, which received an FY 1998 OJJDP grant, is to reduce negative behavior and promote healthy behavioral patterns among New Mexico's youth by providing activities that unite youth with law enforcement officers, educators, and other positive adult role models.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the University of New Mexico--Regents. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Risk Reduction Via Promotion of Youth Development

   This program, also known as Early Alliance, is a large-scale prevention study involving hundreds of African-American and Caucasian children in several elementary schools in lower socioeconomic neighborhoods of Columbia, SC. This project is designed to promote coping-competence and reduce risk for conduct problems, aggression, substance use, delinquency and violence, and school failure beginning in early elementary school. Children are being followed longitudinally throughout the 5 years of the project. The program is funded through an interagency agreement with the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). NIMH's grantee is the University of South Carolina. Funding has also been provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institute on Drug Abuse.

   Funded initially in FY 1997 through a fund transfer to NIMH under an interagency agreement, support will be continued for an additional 3 years. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   The SAGE Project and PRIDE Center Afterschool Program

   The SAGE project is continuing development of a project to prevent and reduce juvenile delinquency and school violence. The long-term goal of the PRIDE Center is to provide a comprehensive, year-round juvenile delinquency prevention and intervention program that supports the youth objectives of the SAGE Secondary School and the youth and community objectives of the SAGE project as a whole. Under an FY 1998 grant, the project is providing the collaborating organizations with the means to (1) Expand and enhance adult-mentored and supervised, structured educational opportunities to court-involved and high-risk youth; (2) involve additional city agencies and community-based organizations through the PRIDE Center; and (3) continue to evaluate and disseminate findings on the project's success for replication in other urban areas.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, Springfield College. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Strengthening Services for Chemically Involved Children, Youth, and Families

   The U.S. Departments of Justice and Health and Human Services (HHS) provide services to children affected by parental substance use or abuse. OJJDP administers this training and technical assistance program, which began in FY 1998, with funds transferred to OJJDP by HHS's Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, through a cooperative agreement to the Child Welfare League of America (CWLA), a nonprofit organization. CWLA is assisting child welfare personnel to provide appropriate intervention services for children impacted by the abuse of alcohol and other drugs (AOD) and for their caregivers. CWLA is producing a s comprehensive assessment tool and decisionmaking guidelines for child welfare workers and supervisors. CWLA training and technical assistance will help to develop innovative and effective approaches to meeting the needs of children in the

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   child welfare system whose parents are AOD abusers.

   This jointly funded project will be implemented by CWLA. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Technical Assistance to Title V

   The purpose of this continuation contract is to provide OJJDP with training support for the Title V program. This training, which the grantee has developed and refined over several years, will continue to introduce key community leaders to data-based risk-and resiliency- focused delinquency prevention strategies and provide localities with the knowledge and skills to assess risk factors and resources in their communities. This contract will also increase the capacity of States to conduct data-based risk and resiliency focused training without Federal support.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, Developmental Research and Programs, Inc. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Training and Technical Assistance for Family Strengthening Programs

   OJJDP will continue funding a cooperative agreement competitively awarded in FY 1995 to the University of Utah's Department of Health Education (DHE) to provide training and technical assistance to communities interested in establishing or enhancing a continuum of family strengthening efforts. After a literature review, the grantee convened regional training conferences to showcase selected exemplary and promising family strengthening programs; developed a process for sites to receive followup training on specific program models; conducted program-specific workshops; produced and then updated user and training-of-trainers guides; and distributed videos of several family strengthening workshops. The grantee's technical assistance delivery system and the overall impact of the project are being assessed. In FY 1999, this program will expand its surveys and research on effective practices and assist in replication of identified programs.

   This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the University of Utah's DHE. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Strengthening the Juvenile Justice System

   Balanced and Restorative Justice Project (BARJ)

   OJJDP has supported development and improvement of juvenile restitution programs since 1977. The purpose of the BARJ project is to enhance the development of restitution programs as part of systemwide juvenile justice improvement using balanced approach concepts and restorative justice principles. The BARJ program model was first described in a 1994 OJJDP Program Summary, Balanced and Restorative Justice, which became a reference source for BARJ training. The BARJ project has provided intensive training, technical assistance, and guideline materials to three selected sites (Allegheny County, Pennsylvania; Dakota County, Minnesota; and West Palm Beach County, Florida), which have been implementing major systemic change in accordance with the BARJ model. The BARJ Project also offers technical assistance and training to other jurisdictions nationwide.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, Florida Atlantic University. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Blueprints for Violence Prevention: Training and Technical Assistance

   OJJDP will continue to fund an FY 1998 cooperative agreement with the Center for the Study and Prevention of Violence (CSPV) at the University of Colorado. Under this grant, CSPV provides intensive training and technical assistance to community organizations and units of local government to replicate 10 ``Blueprint'' model programs. These are programs that CSPV identified as meeting a rigorous scientific standard of proven program effectiveness and replicability for reducing adolescent violence, crime, and substance abuse. CSPV will help communities determine the feasibility of program development and also monitor and assist in the replication of these Blueprint programs for 2 years.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, CSPV. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Building Blocks for Youth

   The goals of this initiative are to protect minority youth in the justice system and promote rational and effective juvenile justice policies. These goals are accomplished by the following components: (1) Conducting research on issues such as the impact on minority youth of new State laws and the implications of privatization of juvenile facilities by profit-making corporations; (2) undertaking an analysis of decisionmaking in the justice system and development of model decisionmaking criteria that reduce or eliminate disproportionate impact of the system on minority youth; (3) building a constituency for change at the national, State, and local levels; and (4) developing communication strategies for dissemination of information. A fifth component, direct advocacy for minority youth is funded by other sources, not by OJJDP. Funding by OJJDP began in FY 1998.

   This initiative will be implemented by the current grantee, the Youth Law Center. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement

   In FY 1998, the Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement (CJRP) replaced the biennial Census of Public and Private Juvenile Detention, Correctional, and Shelter Facilities, known as the Children in Custody census. CJRP collects detailed information on the population of juveniles who are in juvenile residential placement facilities as a result of contact with the juvenile justice system. New methods developed for CJRP are expected to produce more accurate, timely, and useful data on the juvenile population, with less reporting burden for facility respondents.

   This program will be implemented through an existing interagency agreement with the Bureau of the Census. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Circles of Care Program

   In FY 1998, OJJDP and the Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) entered into an interagency agreement to have OJJDP provide support to the Circles of Care Program, which CMHS had developed. OJJDP transferred funds to CMHS to support the funding of an additional site. The Circles of Care Program is designed to facilitate the planning and implementation of a continuum of care for Native American youth at risk of mental health, substance abuse, and delinquency problems. CMHS funded nine sites in FY 1998 and will continue these sites in FY 1999, based on availability of funds and project performance. OJJDP will transfer additional funds in FY 1999 to continue support for this program.

   The currently funded projects will continue in FY 1999. No new applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Development of the Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders

   OJJDP has been providing support for development of its Comprehensive Strategy for several years. This project will complete ongoing strategic

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   planning efforts in six States and expand to two additional States, Oregon and Wisconsin. In each State, up to six jurisdictions have been identified to receive Comprehensive Strategy planning training and technical assistance. OJJDP internal technical assistance capacity will be developed during this time to further assist States through training and technical assistance, including States planning on developing a Comprehensive Strategy planning framework. Implementation support will be developed and provided to the six States and one pilot site scheduled to complete Comprehensive Strategy plans in 1999. Further development and updates of the Guide for Implementing the Comprehensive Strategy for Serious, Violent, and Chronic Juvenile Offenders will also occur in FY 1999.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantees, the National Council on Crime and Delinquency and Developmental Research and Programs, Inc. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Evaluation of the Intensive Community-Based Aftercare Program

   In FY 1995, OJJDP competitively awarded a grant to the National Council on Crime and Delinquency (NCCD) to perform a process evaluation and design an outcome evaluation of the Intensive Community-Based Aftercare Demonstration and Technical Assistance program. In FY 1998, the project was supplemented and extended for an additional 2 years to continue the outcome evaluation. The outcome evaluation seeks to determine the extent of the differences between the Intensive Community-Based Aftercare Program (IAP) participants and the ``regular'' parolees, the supervision and services provided to both groups, and the cost-effectiveness of IAP. Data collection is being accomplished using several methods including searches of State police records to measure recidivism and analyzing State agency and juvenile court data to estimate costs.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, NCCD. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Evaluation of Teen Courts

   This project, which OJJDP began in FY 1997, is measuring the effect of handling young, relatively nonserious law violators in teen courts rather than in traditional juvenile or family courts. Researchers are collecting data on several dimensions of program outcomes, including postprogram recidivism, changes in teens' perceptions of justice, and their ability to make more mature judgements. Analyses of these dimensions will be used to compare youth handled in at least three separate teen court programs with those processed by the traditional juvenile justice system. In addition, the study will conduct a process evaluation of the teen court programs, exploring legal, administrative, and case processing factors that affect the ability of the programs to achieve their goals.

   This evaluation will be implemented by the current grantee, the Urban Institute. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Gender-Specific Programming for Female Juvenile Offenders

   Using a FY 1995 competitive OJJDP grant, Cook County has built a network of support for juvenile female offenders. The county has developed gender-specific needs, strengths, and risk assessments for juvenile female offenders; provided training in implementing gender- appropriate programming; and designed a pilot program with a community- based continuum of care and a unique case management system. In FY 1998, OJJDP provided continuation funding to the Cook County gender- specific program and began providing funding to the State of Connecticut to develop specialized programs for girls from prevention to detention. Connecticut's objectives and activities also include planning, implementing, and demonstrating a program that will develop a hierarchy of sanctions with specific emphasis on females up to age 18 and incorporating systemic changes. The primary emphasis of the Connecticut program is on the needs of pregnant girls and those who are mothers. Technical assistance is being provided to both Cook County and the State of Connecticut by Greene, Peters, and Associates, OJJDP's gender-specific training and technical assistance grantee.

   The project will be implemented, in partnership with the Bureau of Justice Assistance, by the current grantee, the Cook County Bureau of Public Safety and Judicial Coordination, and by the State of Connecticut's Office of Alternative Sanctions. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Intensive Community-Based Aftercare Demonstration and Technical Assistance Program

   This initiative supports implementation, training and technical assistance, and an independent evaluation of an intensive community- based aftercare model in three competitively selected demonstration sites. The overall goal of the intensive aftercare model is to identify and assist high-risk juvenile offenders to make a gradual transition from secure confinement back into the community. The Intensive Aftercare Program (IAP) model has three distinct, yet overlapping segments: (1) Prerelease and preparatory planning activities during incarceration; (2) structured transitioning involving the participation of institutional and aftercare staffs both prior to and following community reentry; and (3) long-term reintegrative activities to ensure adequate service delivery and the required level of social control. The grantee provides continuing training and technical assistance to administrators, managers, and line staff at the intensive community- based aftercare sites. The grant was competitively awarded in FY 1995.

   The IAP project will be implemented by the current grantee, the Johns Hopkins University. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Intensive Treatment Family Programs (ITF)

   The purpose of KidsPeace is to provide individualized foster care (IFC) to seriously disturbed children and adolescents in a therapeutic family setting. KidsPeace will expand its program to additional sites, with the assistance of OJJDP's funding, first provided in FY 1997. KidsPeace has established four sites (Union, New Jersey; Orchard Park and Albany, New York; and Muncie, Indiana). A fifth site is currently under development.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, KidsPeace National Centers for Kids in Crisis of North America. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   The Juvenile Justice Prosecution Unit

   Under an FY 1996 OJJDP grant, the American Prosecutors Research Institute, the research and technical assistance affiliate of the National District Attorneys Association, established the Juvenile Justice Prosecution Unit (JJPU) to promote prosecutor training. JJPU holds workshops on juvenile-related policy, leadership, and management for chief prosecutors and juvenile unit chiefs and also provides prosecutors with background information on juvenile justice issues, programs, training, and technical assistance. The project solicits planning and other advisory input from prosecutors familiar with juvenile

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   justice system and prosecutor needs. It draws on the expertise of working groups of elected or appointed prosecutors and juvenile unit chiefs to support project staff in providing technical assistance, juvenile justice-related research, program information, and training to practitioners nationwide.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the American Prosecutors Research Institute. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Juvenile Residential Facility Census

   As part of a long-term relationship with the Bureau of the Census, OJJDP will continue to fund the development and testing of a new census of juvenile residential facilities. This census will focus on those facilities that are authorized to hold juveniles based on contact with the juvenile justice system. From interviews with facility administrators and staff at 20 locations, project staff have produced a detailed report discussing how best to capture information on education, mental health and substance abuse treatment, health services, conditions of custody, staffing, and facility capacity. Project staff have also drafted and tested a questionnaire based on the interview results. The questionnaire will be finalized in 1999. The first full implementation will take place in October 2000.

   This project will be conducted through an interagency agreement with the Bureau of the Census, Governments Division and Statistical Research Division. No new applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Juvenile Sex Offender Typology

   In FY 1998, OJJDP competitively funded two feasibility studies in an effort to develop a juvenile sex offender typology. One study is being conducted by the University of Illinois-Springfield, the other by Health Related Research. Efforts to effectively address issues related to juvenile sex offenders' dangerousness, the most appropriate level of placement restrictiveness, the potential for rehabilitation, assessment requirements, and intervention needs have been hampered by the lack of an empirically based system for classifying this heterogeneous population into meaningful subgroups. These initial studies will determine specific methodologies best suited to generate an empirically validated typology of the juvenile sex offender. Based on the results of these initial studies, OJJDP will determine the feasibility of developing a juvenile sex offender typology or the desirability of continuing in the specific directions suggested by Phase I of this work.

   An expansion of this work will be implemented by one or both of the current grantees, University of Illinois-Springfield and Health Related Research. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Juvenile Transfers to Criminal Court Studies

   This study explores the impact of the 1994 changes in Florida law by contrasting transfer policies and practices and sentences received for 1993 with those for 1995. Postsentencing recidivism of the 400 transferred youth in 1993 will be examined. Detailed data on the role of the offender in the commission of the offense; the involvement of gangs, guns, and drugs; and prior offense histories will be used in analyzing sentencing outcomes and postrelease offending. Predictions will be made on rearrest and time to failure in multivariate models with variables reflecting characteristics of offenses, offenders, and offense histories. Cross-group recidivism analyses are planned to compare the recidivism of youth transferred to adult court with that of those retained in the juvenile justice system.

   The project will be implemented by the current grantee, the Florida Juvenile Justice Accountability Board. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Linking Balanced and Restorative Justice and Adolescents (LIBRA)

   The goal of this program is to continue development of a comprehensive, integrated, balanced and restorative system of justice for youthful offenders that holds them accountable to victims, protects the community, builds offender skills and competencies, and offers opportunities for positive connections to community members. OJJDP funding for the program began in FY 1998. To hold youth accountable, the project will establish a network of accountability boards. The project will also pilot Community Justice Centers, which will demonstrate that the community is the core of the justice process and recognizes youth as a vital part of the community.

   This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the Vermont Department of Social and Rehabilitation Services. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   National Academy of Sciences Study of Juvenile Justice

   In FY 1997, OJJDP initiated support for a 2-year study by the National Academy of Sciences to draw upon expertise from relevant disciplines in the scientific and practitioner communities to develop a synthesis of the relevant scientific research and expert opinion regarding the prevention, treatment, and control of juvenile crime. Following an examination of empirical and clinical research relevant to the origin of and pathways to youth violence and justice system treatment of juveniles, the review will be supplemented by two workshops and site visits to selected programs. These activities will help to identify (1) the elements of settings, with a particular emphasis on family and school, that inhibit or contribute to the ways in which serious delinquency develops; (2) juvenile and criminal justice system concerns regarding the shifts in youth crime prevention and control policies; and (3) juvenile violence and policing practices in public and federally assisted housing. The study will identify key elements of current efforts and policies that appear to either contribute to or inhibit the development of effective interventions and control mechanisms for youth violence and delinquency. The project is also being supported by the U.S. Department of Education.

   This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the National Academy of Sciences. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   National Juvenile Justice Program Directory

   In FY 1995, OJJDP initiated development of this program directory. To conduct its statistical functions, OJJDP must maintain a current and accurate list of all entities surveyed either in the various censuses or in surveys. This list currently entails a complete list of juvenile residential facilities and a list of juvenile probation offices. As OJJDP expands its statistical work, it will need to expand this listing as well. The list needs to contain contact information for the various facilities or agencies and appropriate information for sampling.

   This project will be conducted through an interagency agreement with the Bureau of the Census, Governments Division. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

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   The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 97

   OJJDP will continue supporting the second round of data collection under the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 97 (NLSY97) through an interagency agreement with the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). OJJDP funding began in FY 1997. NLSY97 is studying school-to-work transition in a nationally representative sample of 8,700 youth ages 12 to 16 years old. BLS is also collecting data on the involvement of these youth in antisocial and other behavior that may affect their transition to productive work careers. This survey provides information about risk and protective factors related to the initiation, persistence, and desistance of delinquent and criminal behavior and provides an opportunity to determine the generalizability of findings from OJJDP's Program of Research on the Causes and Correlates of Delinquency and other longitudinal studies across a nationally representative population of youth.

   The program will be implemented by the BLS under an interagency agreement. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Performance-Based Standards for Juvenile Correction and Detention Facilities

   This program, which began with a competitive OJJDP cooperative agreement awarded in FY 1995, is in its third phase. Goals for this phase are to (1) introduce concepts, tools, and principles of performance-based standards and accountability in 25 to 30 facilities nationwide; (2) complete the collection of baseline measures of performance on 22 standards covering six critical areas of facility operations in all participating facilities using uniform data collection instruments and protocols; (3) assist the management team in developing appropriate strategies to respond to problem areas based on the performance data; (4) facilitate access to OJJDP/OJP resources for training and technical assistance and related support services needed to carry out the facility improvement plan; (5) monitor results of interventions through reassessment and analysis of progress; and (6) refine the measurement processes and build database performance benchmarks.

   This program will be implemented by the current grantee, Council of Juvenile Correctional Administrators. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Quantum Opportunities Program (QOP) Evaluation

   OJJDP will continue funding an impact evaluation of the Quantum Opportunities Program (QOP) through an interagency fund transfer to the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL). OJJDP began funding this evaluation in FY 1997. QOP, designed by the Ford Foundation and Opportunities Industrialization Centers of America, is a career enrichment program using a model providing basic education, personal and cultural development, community service, and mentoring. The evaluation will determine whether QOP reduces the likelihood that inner-city youth at educational risk will enter the criminal or juvenile justice system. Outcomes to be examined include academic achievement in high school; misbehavior in school; self-esteem and sense of control over one's life; educational and career goals; and personal decisions such as teenage parenthood, substance abuse, and criminal activity. Data on criminal activity are being collected from individual student interviews.

   This program will be implemented through an interagency agreement with the U.S. Department of Labor. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Survey of Juvenile Probation

   OJJDP will continue to support development of a survey of juvenile probation offices in an effort to determine the number of juveniles under some form of community supervision. The exact nature and extent of this survey depends greatly on the results of various development efforts OJJDP is pursuing currently. This project will fund the Bureau of the Census to establish standard procedures for the implementation of this survey. Funding for this project began in FY 1996.

   This project will be conducted through an interagency agreement with the Bureau of the Census, Governments Division. No new applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Technical Assistance to Juvenile Corrections and Detention (The James E. Gould Memorial Program)

   The primary purpose of this program is to provide specialized technical assistance to juvenile corrections, detention, and community residential service providers. The grantee also plans and convenes an annual Juvenile Corrections and Detention Forum, which provides an opportunity for juvenile corrections and detention leaders to meet and discuss issues, problems, and solutions to emerging corrections and detention problems. The grantee also provides workshops and conferences on current and emerging national issues in the field of juvenile corrections and detention, conducts surveys, and offers technical assistance through document dissemination. OJJDP will continue this program, which began in FY 1995 under competitive grant for a 3-year period.

   The project will be implemented by the current grantee, the American Correctional Association. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Technical Assistance to Native Americans

   The goal of this program is to build the capacity of the Gila River Indian community, the Pueblo of Jemez, the Navajo Nation, the Red Band of Chippewa Indians, other Native American and Alaskan Native communities, and urban jurisdictions where tribal people reside to address Indian youth crime, delinquency, violence and victimization. Project funds support the development of comprehensive, systemwide responses to these problems in tribal communities. In FY 1999, OJJDP will continue to provide technical assistance to Native Americans to enable tribes to further develop alternatives to detention, specifically targeting juveniles who are first or nonviolent offenders; design guidebooks for the tribal peacemaking process to be used in addressing juvenile delinquency issues that are reported to Family District Court systems; design and implement juvenile justice needs assessments to assist tribes in responding to juvenile detention and alternatives to detention needs; develop protocols to implement State Children's Code provisions that affect Native American Children; and establish sustainable, comprehensive community-based planning processes that focus on the needs of tribal youth. In FY 1997, American Indian Development Associates (AIDA) was selected to implement OJJDP's national technical assistance program for tribes and urban tribal programs across the country for a 3-year period.

   This program will be implemented by the current grantee, the American Indian Development Associates. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   TeenSupreme Career Preparation Initiative

   In FY 1998, OJJDP, in partnership with the U.S. Department of Labor's

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   (DOL's) Employment and Training Administration, provided funding support to the Boys & Girls Clubs of America for demonstration and evaluation of the TeenSupreme Career Preparation Initiative. This initiative provides employment training and other related services to at-risk youth through local Boys & Girls Clubs with TeenSupreme Centers. In FY 1998, DOL funds supported program staffing in the existing 41 TeenSupreme Centers, provided intensive training and technical assistance to each site, and provided administrative and staffing support to this program from the national office. OJJDP funds supported the evaluation component of the program, which is to be implemented by an independent evaluator.

   This jointly funded Department of Labor and OJJDP initiative will be implemented by the Boys & Girls Clubs of America. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Training and Technical Assistance for National Innovations To Reduce Disproportionate Minority Confinement (The Deborah Ann Wysinger Memorial Program)

   In FY 1997, recognizing the continued need to improve the ability of States and local jurisdictions to address disproportionate confinement of minority juveniles, OJJDP awarded a competitive grant to Cygnus Corporation to implement a 3-year national training, technical assistance, and information dissemination initiative. Since the 1988 reauthorization of the JJDP Act, State Formula Grants program plans have addressed disproportionate minority confinement (DMC). OJJDP's DMC funding efforts have included a competitive award to demonstrate model approaches in five State pilot sites (Arizona, Florida, Iowa, North Carolina, and Oregon) and an award to a national contractor to provide technical assistance to the pilot sites and other States. In addition, OJJDP made funds available to nonpilot States that had completed data gathering and assessment to use for innovative DMC projects.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, Cygnus Corporation, Inc. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Training and Technical Support for State and Local Jurisdictional Teams To Focus on Juvenile Corrections and Detention Overcrowding

   Through systemic change within local juvenile detention systems or statewide juvenile corrections systems, this project seeks to reduce overcrowding in facilities where juveniles are held. Competitively awarded in FY 1994 to the National Juvenile Detention Association (NJDA), in partnership with the San Francisco Youth Law Center, the project provides training and technical assistance materials for use by State and local jurisdictional teams. NJDA selected three jurisdictions (Camden, New Jersey; Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; and the Rhode Island Juvenile Corrections System) for onsite development, implementation, and testing of procedures to reduce crowding. Of the original sites selected, Oklahoma City has completed its work. The grantee is exploring additional sites for comprehensive training and technical assistance in FY 1999.

   This project will be implemented by the current grantee, the National Juvenile Detention Association. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Child Abuse and Neglect and Dependency Courts

   National Evaluation of the Safe Kids/Safe Streets Program

   OJJDP will continue funding the grant competitively awarded in FY 1997 to Westat, Inc., Rockville, MD, for a national evaluation to document and explicate the process of community mobilization, planning, and collaboration that has taken place before and during the Safe Kids/ Safe Streets awards; to inform program staff of performance levels on an ongoing basis; and to determine the effectiveness of the implemented programs in achieving the goals of the Safe Kids/Safe Streets program. The initial 18-month grant began a process evaluation and determined the feasibility of an impact evaluation.

   This evaluation will be implemented by the current grantee, Westat, Inc. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Safe Kids/Safe Streets: Community Approaches to Reducing Abuse and Neglect and Preventing Delinquency

   This 5\1/2\ year demonstration program is designed to foster coordinated community responses to child abuse and neglect. Several components of the Office of Justice Programs joined in FY 1996 to develop this coordinated program response to break the cycle of early childhood victimization and later criminality and to reduce child abuse and neglect and resulting child fatalities. OJJDP awarded competitive cooperative agreements in FY 1997 to five sites (National Children's Advocacy Center, Huntsville, Alabama; the Sault Ste. Marie Tribe of Chippewa Indians, Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan; Heart of America United Way, Kansas City, Missouri; Toledo Hospital Children's Medical Center, Toledo, Ohio; and the Community Network for Children, Youth and Family Services, Chittenden County, Vermont). Funds were provided by OJJDP, the Executive Office for Weed and Seed, and the Violence Against Women Grants Office.

   In FY 1999, continuation awards will be made to each of the current demonstration sites. No additional applications will be solicited in FY 1999.

   Dated: June 29, 1999. Shay Bilchik, Administrator, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.

   [FR Doc. 99-17390Filed7-8-99; 8:45 am]

   BILLING CODE 4410-18-P