Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Effigy Mounds National Monument, Harpers Ferry, IA
| Citation | 84 FR 27799 |
| Record Number | 2019-12590 |
| Published date | 14 June 2019 |
| Section | Notices |
| Court | National Park Service |
Federal Register, Volume 84 Issue 115 (Friday, June 14, 2019)
[Federal Register Volume 84, Number 115 (Friday, June 14, 2019)]
[Notices]
[Pages 27799-27802]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2019-12590]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
National Park Service
[NPS-WASO-NAGPRA-NPS0027980, PPWOCRADN0-PCU00RP14.R50000]
Notice of Inventory Completion: U.S. Department of the Interior,
National Park Service, Effigy Mounds National Monument, Harpers Ferry,
IA
AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior.
ACTION: Notice.
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SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service,
Effigy Mounds National Monument has completed an inventory of human
remains and associated funerary objects, in consultation with the
appropriate Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian organizations, and has
determined that there is a cultural affiliation between the human
remains and associated funerary objects and present-day Indian Tribes
or Native Hawaiian organizations. Lineal descendants or representatives
of any Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian organization not identified in
this notice that wish to request transfer of control of these human
remains and associated funerary objects should submit a written request
to Effigy Mounds National Monument. If no additional requestors come
forward, transfer of control of the human remains and associated
funerary objects to the lineal descendants, Indian Tribes, or Native
Hawaiian organizations stated in this notice may proceed.
DATES: Lineal descendants or representatives of any Indian Tribe or
Native Hawaiian organization not identified in this notice that wish to
request transfer of control of these human remains and associated
funerary objects should submit a written request with information in
support of the request to Effigy Mounds National Monument at the
address in this notice by July 15, 2019.
ADDRESSES: Jim Nepstad, Superintendent, Effigy Mounds National
Monument, 151 Hwy. 76, Harpers Ferry, IA 52146, telephone (563) 873-
3491 Ext. 101, email [email protected].
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is here given in accordance with the
Native American Graves Protection and
[[Page 27800]]
Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 3003, of the completion of an
inventory of human remains and associated funerary objects under the
control of the U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service,
Effigy Mounds National Monument, Harpers Ferry, IA. The human remains
and associated funerary objects were removed from sites in Allamakee
and Clayton Counties, IA.
This notice is published as part of the National Park Service's
administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The
determinations in this notice are the sole responsibility of the
Superintendent, Effigy Mounds National Monument.
Consultation
A detailed assessment of the human remains was made by Effigy
Mounds National Monument professional staff in consultation with
representatives of the Crow Creek Sioux Tribe of the Crow Creek
Reservation, South Dakota; Flandreau Santee Sioux Tribe of South
Dakota; Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin; Iowa Tribe of Kansas and
Nebraska; Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma; Lower Sioux Indian Community in the
State of Minnesota; Omaha Tribe of Nebraska; Otoe-Missouria Tribe of
Indians, Oklahoma; Ponca Tribe of Nebraska; Prairie Island Indian
Community in the State of Minnesota; Sac & Fox Nation of Missouri in
Kansas and Nebraska; Sac & Fox Nation, Oklahoma; Sac & Fox Tribe of the
Mississippi in Iowa; Santee Sioux Nation, Nebraska; Shakopee
Mdewakanton Sioux Community of Minnesota; Sisseton-Wahpeton Oyate of
the Lake Traverse Reservation, South Dakota; Standing Rock Sioux Tribe
of North & South Dakota; Upper Sioux Community, Minnesota; Winnebago
Tribe of Nebraska; and the Yankton Sioux Tribe of South Dakota
(hereafter referred to as ``The Tribes'').
History and Description of the Remains
The human remains described below, with the exception of one
metatarsal fragment from the Great Bear Mound Group originally
misidentified as a bone tool, were stolen from Effigy Mounds National
Monument in 1990 and recovered in 2011 and 2012. After examination by
an osteologist, most, but not all, of the remains were able to be
matched with their original documentation. The recovered remains which
were not able to be matched were cataloged as a separate accession
(#212) and are accounted for in the total minimum number of individuals
in Effigy Mounds National Monument collections. These fragmentary
remains will not be described separately in this notice or any future
notice. Items found with the stolen remains that could not be reunited
with their original accession are described here as cultural items
removed at unknown dates from unknown sites within the boundaries of
Effigy Mounds National Monument.
Because the mounds at Effigy Mounds National Monument are burial
mounds, all artifacts that come from these mounds are considered
funerary objects. All of the funerary objects are considered associated
funerary objects because, even though these types of items likely had
other uses within the culture, it is reasonable to believe that these
specific funerary objects were made exclusively for burial purposes and
therefore pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(A) are associated funerary
objects regardless of the location of the connected human remains.
At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one
individual, were removed from an unknown site likely within the
boundaries of Effigy Mounds National Monument in Allamakee or Clayton
County, IA. No known individuals were identified. No associated
funerary objects are present.
At unknown dates, 59 cultural items were removed from unknown sites
within the boundaries of Effigy Mounds National Monument in Allamakee
or Clayton County, IA. The 59 associated funerary objects are 55 animal
bones, one unfired clay fragment, and three stones.
In 1928, human remains representing, at minimum, three individuals,
were removed from Fire Point Mound Group, Allamakee County, IA, by
local collector Henry P. Field, who donated the material to Effigy
Mounds National Monument in 1958. No known individuals were identified.
The 22 associated funerary objects are one miniature pot, one ground
stone tool, one iron concretion, one modified hematite slab, one galena
crystal, one maul, one drill, four stones, two pottery sherds, two
utilized flakes, four flakes, one flake fragment, one flake tool, and
one biface.
In 1952, 51 cultural items were removed from Sny Magill Mound Group
in Clayton County, IA, by NPS archeologist Paul Beaubien during work to
determine if the site should be added to the monument. The 51
associated funerary objects are three ground stone tools, four pieces
of shatter, six unmodified rocks, one piece of fire cracked rock, seven
flakes, and 30 pottery sherds.
In 1952, 38 cultural items were removed from the Nazekaw Terrace
Mound Group in Allamakee County, IA, by NPS archeologist Paul Beaubien.
The human remains were given to an outside researcher in 1952, returned
to Effigy Mounds National Monument in 2000, and repatriated in 2005.
The 38 associated funerary objects are 14 flakes, five pieces of
shatter, 16 unmodified rocks, two faunal bones, and one bag of vegetal
material.
In 1957, 46 cultural items were removed from the Devils Den Mound
Group on private property in Clayton County, IA, by NPS archeologist
Robert Bray. The landowner donated the items to Effigy Mounds National
Monument along with a bundle burial which was repatriated in 2001. The
46 associated funerary objects are 42 pottery sherds, one scraper, one
modified flake, and two unmodified rocks.
In 1959, human remains representing, at minimum, four individuals,
were removed from Red House Landing Mound Group in Allamakee County,
IA, by NPS archeologist John Ingmanson during a soil study by the Iowa
State University Department of Agronomy. No known individuals were
identified. The 62 associated funerary objects are one flake, one
shell, five pieces of shatter, 52 unmodified rocks, two charcoal
samples, and one soil sample.
In 1959, one cultural item was removed from the Nazekaw Terrace
Mound Group by local collector Henry P. Field during construction of
the Visitor Center parking lot and given to Effigy Mounds National
Monument staff. The one associated funerary object is a piece of a
copper breastplate.
In 1961, two cultural items were removed from the Marching Bear
Mound Group in Clayton County, IA, by NPS archeologist John Ingmanson
during the mound rehabilitation project. The two associated funerary
objects are one projectile point and one charcoal sample.
In 1962, seven cultural items were removed from the Marching Bear
Mound Group in Clayton County, IA, by NPS archeologist Garland Gordon
during the mound rehabilitation project. The seven associated funerary
objects are two charcoal samples, one unmodified stone, two cores, and
two flakes.
Between 1960 and 1963, one cultural item was removed from the
Marching Bear Mound Group in Clayton County, IA, during the mound
rehabilitation project. The one associated funerary object is a flake
tool.
In 1962, 30 cultural items were removed from the Compound Mound
Group in Clayton County, IA, by NPS archeologist Garland Gordon during
the mound rehabilitation project. Human remains from the site were
repatriated
[[Page 27801]]
in 2008. The 30 associated funerary objects are seven flakes, 14
unmodified stones, and nine pieces of shatter.
In 1962, 38 cultural items were removed from the Marquette-Yellow
River Mound Group 8 in Clayton County, IA, by NPS archeologist Garland
Gordon during the mound rehabilitation project. The 38 associated
funerary objects are eight flakes, one piece of shatter, 28 unmodified
rocks, and one burned earth sample.
In 1962, nine cultural items were removed from the Marquette-Yellow
River Mound Group 6 in Clayton County, IA, by NPS archeologist Garland
Gordon during the mound rehabilitation project. The nine associated
funerary objects are seven flakes, one piece of shatter, and one
unmodified rock.
In 1965, human remains representing, at minimum, five individuals,
were excavated from Fire Point Mound Group in Allamakee County, IA, by
NPS archeologist Garland Gordon during the mound rehabilitation
project. No known individuals were identified. The 48 associated
funerary objects are five flakes, one knife fragment, one galena
crystal, seven pottery sherds, three pieces of shatter, 10 animal
bones, 14 unmodified stones, six soil samples, and one burned earth
sample.
In 1965, 106 cultural items were removed from Isolated Round Mound
I in Allamakee County, IA, by NPS archeologist Garland Gordon during
the mound rehabilitation project. The 106 associated funerary objects
are 64 pottery sherds, 40 unmodified rocks, one flake, and one soil
sample.
In 1967, one cultural item was removed from the Karnopp-Eggleston
Mound Group in Crawford County, WI, by NPS archeologist Garland Gordon
after permission was given by the landowner to surface collect a
recently leveled mound. Gordon collected human remains and artifacts
which were donated to Effigy Mounds National Monument. In 1987, the
human remains were transferred to the Wisconsin Historical Society via
the Iowa Office of the State Archaeologist under the authority of the
1976 Iowa Burial Law. In the 1970s, all but one of the artifacts were
culled from the accession with no accompanying documentation. Their
location is unknown. The one associated funerary object is one
bifurcate base projectile point.
In 1971, human remains representing, at minimum, three individuals,
were removed from Isolated Round Mound II in Allamakee County, IA, by
NPS archeologist Wilfred Husted during legally authorized excavations.
No known individuals were identified. The one associated funerary
object is a soil sample.
In 1971, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual,
were removed from the Great Bear Mound Group in Allamakee County, IA,
by NPS archeologist Wilfred Husted during the mound rehabilitation
project. No known individuals were identified. The one associated
funerary object is a small stone celt.
Based on archeological context, ethnographic information, and oral
traditions the human remains and associated funerary objects described
above are identified as belonging to the Woodland tradition.
The Woodland tradition transitions into the Oneota tradition which
is identified as being clearly ancestral to the Ho-Chunk Nation of
Wisconsin; Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska; Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma;
Omaha Tribe of Nebraska; Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma;
Ponca Tribe of Nebraska; and Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska.
The First Treaty of Prairie Du Chien of August 19, 1825 between the
United States and the Sac and Fox, Dakota Sioux, Ioway, Ho-Chunk,
Winnebago, Potawatomi, Chippewa, Menominee, and Ottawa demonstrates the
variety of tribes living in the area in the 1800s who have historic
affiliation with Effigy Mounds National Monument.
The First Treaty of Prairie du Chien, as well as linguistic, oral
tradition, temporal, and geographic evidence, reasonably indicates that
the following Sioux Indian tribes possess ancestral ties to the Effigy
Mounds National Monument region and the human remains and associated
funerary objects described above: Crow Creek Sioux Tribe of the Crow
Creek Reservation, South Dakota; Flandreau Santee Sioux Tribe of South
Dakota; Lower Sioux Indian Community in the State of Minnesota; Prairie
Island Indian Community in the State of Minnesota; Santee Sioux Nation,
Nebraska; Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community of Minnesota; Sisseton-
Wahpeton Oyate of the Lake Traverse Reservation, South Dakota; Standing
Rock Sioux Tribe of North & South Dakota; Upper Sioux Community,
Minnesota; and Yankton Sioux Tribe of South Dakota.
Determinations Made by Effigy Mounds National Monument
Officials of Effigy Mounds National Monument have determined that:
Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(9), the human remains described
in this notice represent the physical remains of 17 individuals of
Native American ancestry.
Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(A), the 523 objects
described in this notice are reasonably believed to have been placed
with or near individual human remains at the time of death or later as
part of the death rite or ceremony and to have been made exclusively
for burial purposes or to contain human remains.
Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), there is a relationship of
shared group identity that can be reasonably traced between the Native
American human remains and associated funerary objects and the Crow
Creek Sioux Tribe of the Crow Creek Reservation, South Dakota;
Flandreau Santee Sioux Tribe of South Dakota; Ho-Chunk Nation of
Wisconsin; Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska; Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma;
Lower Sioux Indian Community in the State of Minnesota; Omaha Tribe of
Nebraska; Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma; Ponca Tribe of
Nebraska; Prairie Island Indian Community in the State of Minnesota;
Santee Sioux Nation, Nebraska; Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community of
Minnesota; Sisseton-Wahpeton Oyate of the Lake Traverse Reservation,
South Dakota; Standing Rock Sioux Tribe of North & South Dakota; Upper
Sioux Community, Minnesota; Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska; and the
Yankton Sioux Tribe of South Dakota.
Additional Requestors and Disposition
Lineal descendants or representatives of any Indian tribe or Native
Hawaiian organization not identified in this notice that wish to
request transfer of control of these human remains and associated
funerary objects should submit a written request with information in
support of the request to Jim Nepstad, Superintendent, Effigy Mounds
National Monument, 151 Hwy. 76, Harpers Ferry, IA 52146, telephone
(563) 873-3491 Ext. 101, email [email protected], by July 15, 2019.
After that date, if no additional requestors have come forward,
transfer of control of the human remains and associated funerary
objects to the Crow Creek Sioux Tribe of the Crow Creek Reservation,
South Dakota; Flandreau Santee Sioux Tribe of South Dakota; Ho-Chunk
Nation of Wisconsin; Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska; Iowa Tribe of
Oklahoma; Lower Sioux Indian Community in the State of Minnesota; Omaha
Tribe of Nebraska; Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma; Ponca
Tribe of Nebraska; Prairie Island Indian Community in the State of
Minnesota; Santee Sioux Nation, Nebraska; Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux
Community of Minnesota; Sisseton-
[[Page 27802]]
Wahpeton Oyate of the Lake Traverse Reservation, South Dakota; Standing
Rock Sioux Tribe of North & South Dakota; Upper Sioux Community,
Minnesota; Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska; and the Yankton Sioux Tribe of
South Dakota may proceed.
Effigy Mounds National Monument is responsible for notifying The
Tribes that this notice has been published.
Dated: May 17, 2019.
Melanie O'Brien,
Manager, National NAGPRA Program.
[FR Doc. 2019-12590 Filed 6-13-19; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 4312-52-P
