Spearmint oil produced in Far West,
[Federal Register: January 12, 2005 (Volume 70, Number 8)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Page 2027-2032]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr12ja05-13]
Proposed Rules Federal Register
This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains notices to the public of the proposed issuance of rules and regulations. The purpose of these notices is to give interested persons an opportunity to participate in the rule making prior to the adoption of the final rules.
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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
Agricultural Marketing Service
7 CFR Part 985
[Docket No. FV05-985-1 PR]
Marketing Order Regulating the Handling of Spearmint Oil Produced in the Far West; Salable Quantities and Allotment Percentages for the 2005-2006 Marketing Year
AGENCY: Agricultural Marketing Service, USDA.
ACTION: Proposed rule.
SUMMARY: This rule would establish the quantity of spearmint oil produced in the Far West, by class, that handlers may purchase from, or handle for, producers during the 2005-2006 marketing year, which begins on June 1, 2005. This rule invites comments on the establishment of salable quantities and allotment percentages for Class 1 (Scotch) spearmint oil of 677,409 pounds and 35 percent, respectively, and for Class 3 (Native) spearmint oil of 867,958 pounds and 40 percent, respectively. The Spearmint Oil Administrative Committee (Committee), the agency responsible for local administration of the marketing order for spearmint oil produced in the Far West, recommended this rule for the purpose of avoiding extreme fluctuations in supplies and prices to help maintain stability in the spearmint oil market.
DATES: Comments must be received by February 11, 2005.
ADDRESSES: Interested persons are invited to submit written comments concerning this rule. Comments must be sent to the Docket Clerk, Marketing Order Administration Branch, Fruit and Vegetable Programs, AMS, USDA, 1400 Independence Avenue SW., STOP 0237, Washington, DC 20250-0237; Fax: (202) 720-8938; e-mail: moab.docketclerk@usda.gov; or Internet: http://www.regulations.gov. Comments should reference the
docket number and the date and page number of this issue of the Federal Register and will be available for public inspection in the Office of the Docket Clerk during regular business hours, or can be viewed at: http://www.ams.usda.gov/fv/moab.html.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Susan M. Hiller, Northwest Marketing Field Office, Fruit and Vegetable Programs, AMS, USDA, 1220 SW. Third Avenue, suite 385, Portland, Oregon 97204; Telephone: (503) 326-2724; Fax: (503) 326-7440; or George Kelhart, Technical Advisor, Marketing Order Administration Branch, Fruit and Vegetable Programs, AMS, USDA, 1400 Independence Avenue SW., STOP 0237, Washington, DC 20250-0237; Telephone: (202) 720-2491; Fax: (202) 720-8938.
Small businesses may request information on complying with this regulation by contacting Jay Guerber, Marketing Order Administration Branch, Fruit and Vegetable Programs, AMS, USDA, 1400 Independence Avenue SW., STOP 0237, Washington, DC 20250-0237; Telephone (202) 720- 2491, Fax: (202) 720-8938, or e-mail: Jay.Guerber@usda.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This rule is issued under Marketing Order No. 985 (7 CFR part 985), as amended, regulating the handling of spearmint oil produced in the Far West (Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and designated parts of Nevada and Utah), hereinafter referred to as the ``order.'' This order is effective under the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, as amended (7 U.S.C. 601-674), hereinafter referred to as the ``Act.''
The Department of Agriculture (USDA) is issuing this rule in conformance with Executive Order 12866.
This rule has been reviewed under Executive Order 12988, Civil Justice Reform. Under the marketing order now in effect, salable quantities and allotment percentages may be established for classes of spearmint oil produced in the Far West. This proposed rule would establish the quantity of spearmint oil produced in the Far West, by class, which may be purchased from or handled for producers by handlers during the 2005-2006 marketing year, which begins on June 1, 2005. This rule will not preempt any State or local laws, regulations, or policies, unless they present an irreconcilable conflict with this rule.
The Act provides that administrative proceedings must be exhausted before parties may file suit in court. Under section 608c(15)(A) of the Act, any handler subject to an order may file with USDA a petition stating that the order, any provision of the order, or any obligation imposed in connection with the order is not in accordance with law and request a modification of the order or to be exempted therefrom. Such handler is afforded the opportunity for a hearing on the petition. After the hearing USDA would rule on the petition. The Act provides that the district court of the United States in any district in which the handler is an inhabitant, or has his or her principal place of business, has jurisdiction to review USDA's ruling on the petition, provided an action is filed not later than 20 days after the date of the entry of the ruling.
Pursuant to authority in Sec. Sec. 985.50, 985.51, and 985.52 of the order, the Committee, with seven of its eight members present, met on October 6, 2004, and recommended salable quantities and allotment percentages for both classes of oil for the 2005-2006 marketing year. The Committee unanimously recommended the establishment of a salable quantity and allotment percentage for Scotch spearmint oil of 677,409 pounds and 35 percent, respectively. For Native spearmint oil, the Committee unanimously recommended the establishment of a salable quantity and allotment percentage of 867,958 pounds and 40 percent, respectively.
This rule would limit the amount of spearmint oil that handlers may purchase from, or handle for, producers during the 2005-2006 marketing year, which begins on June 1, 2005. Salable quantities and allotment percentages have been placed into effect each season since the order's inception in 1980.
The U.S. production of Scotch spearmint oil is concentrated in the Far West, which includes Washington, Idaho, and Oregon and a portion of Nevada and Utah. Scotch spearmint oil is also produced in the Midwest states of Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin, as well as in the States of Montana, South Dakota, North Dakota, and Minnesota. The production area covered by the marketing order currently accounts for
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approximately 68 percent of the annual U.S. sales of Scotch spearmint oil.
When the order became effective in 1980, the Far West had 72 percent of the world's sales of Scotch spearmint oil. While the Far West is still the leading producer of Scotch spearmint oil, its share of world sales is now estimated to be about 36 percent. This loss in world sales for the Far West region is directly attributed to the increase in global production. Other factors that have played a significant role include the overall quality of the imported oil and technological advances that allow for more blending of lower quality oils. Such factors have provided the Committee with challenges in accurately predicting trade demand for Scotch oil. This, in turn, has made it difficult to balance available supplies with demand and to achieve the Committee's overall goal of stabilizing producer and market prices.
The marketing order has continued to contribute to price and general market stabilization for Far West producers. The Committee, as well as spearmint oil producers and handlers attending the October 6, 2004, meeting estimated that the 2004 producer price of Scotch oil would maintain an average of $10.00 per pound. However, this producer price is below the cost of production for most producers as indicated in a study from the Washington State University Cooperative Extension Service (WSU), which estimates production costs to be between $13.50 and $15.00 per pound.
This low level of producer returns has caused a reduction in acreage. When the order became effective in 1980, the Far West region had 9,702 acres of Scotch spearmint. The Committee estimates that the current acreage of Scotch spearmint will be about 4,771 acres. Based on the reduced Scotch spearmint acreage, the Committee estimates that production for the 2004-2005 marketing season will be about 635,508 pounds.
The Committee recommended the 2005-2006 Scotch spearmint oil salable quantity (677,409 pounds) and allotment percentage (35 percent) utilizing sales estimates for 2005-2006 Scotch oil as provided by several of the industry's handlers, as well as historical and current Scotch oil sales levels. The Committee is estimating that about 650,000 pounds of Scotch spearmint oil, on average, may be sold during the 2005-2006 marketing year. When considered in conjunction with the estimated carry in of 351,427 pounds of oil on June 1, 2005, the recommended salable quantity of 677,409 pounds results in a total available supply of Scotch spearmint oil next year of about 1,028,836 pounds.
The recommendation for the 2005-2006 Scotch spearmint oil volume regulation is consistent with the Committee's stated intent of keeping adequate supplies available at all times, while attempting to stabilize prices at a level adequate to sustain the producers. Furthermore, the recommendation takes into consideration the industry's desire to compete with less expensive oil produced outside the regulated area.
Although Native spearmint oil producers are facing market conditions similar to those affecting the Scotch spearmint oil market, the market share is quite different. Over 90 percent of the U.S. production of Native spearmint is produced within the Far West production area. Also, most of the world's supply of Native spearmint is produced in the U.S.
The supply and demand characteristics of the current Native spearmint oil market, combined with the stabilizing impact of the marketing order, have kept the price relatively steady, between $9.10 and $9.30 per pound over the last five years. The Committee considers this level too low for the majority of producers to maintain viability. The WSU study referenced earlier indicates that the cost of producing Native spearmint oil ranges from $10.26 to $10.92 per pound.
Similar to Scotch, the low level of producer returns has also caused a reduction in Native spearmint acreage. When the order became effective in 1980, the Far West region had 12,153 acres of Native spearmint. The Committee estimates that the 2004-2005 acreage of Native spearmint is about 4,804 acres. Based on the reduced Native spearmint acreage, the Committee estimates that production for the 2004-2005 marketing season will be about 701,372 pounds.
The Committee recommended the 2005-2006 Native spearmint oil salable quantity (867,958 pounds) and allotment percentage (40 percent) utilizing sales estimates for 2005-2006 Native oil as provided by several of the industry's handlers, as well as historical and current Native oil sales levels. The Committee is estimating that about 945,000 pounds of Native spearmint oil, on average, may be sold during the 2005-2006 marketing year. When considered in conjunction with the estimated carry-in of 60,000 pounds of oil on June 1, 2005, the recommended salable quantity of 867,958 pounds results in a total available supply of Native spearmint oil next year of about 927,958 pounds.
The Committee's method of calculating the Native spearmint oil salable quantity and allotment percentage continues to primarily utilize information on price and available supply as they are affected by the estimated trade demand. The Committee's stated intent is to make adequate supplies available to meet market needs and improve producer prices.
The Committee believes that the order has contributed extensively to the stabilization of producer prices, which prior to 1980 experienced wide fluctuations from year to year. According to the National Agricultural Statistics Service, for example, the average price paid for both classes of spearmint oil ranged from $4.00 per pound to $11.10 per pound during the period between 1968 and 1980. Prices since the order's inception have generally stabilized at about $9.85 per pound for Native spearmint oil and at about $12.93 per pound for Scotch spearmint oil. However, the current prices for both classes of oil are below the average due to several factors, including the general uncertainty being experienced through the U.S. economy and the continuing overall weak farm situation, as well as an abundant global supply of spearmint oil. As noted earlier--although lower than what producers believe to be viable--prices currently appear to be stable at about $9.50 for both classes of oil.
The Committee based its recommendation for the proposed salable quantity and allotment percentage for each class of spearmint oil for the 2005-2006 marketing year on the information discussed above, as well as the data outlined below.
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Class 1 (Scotch) Spearmint Oil
(A) Estimated carry-in on June 1, 2005--351,427 pounds. This figure is the difference between the estimated 2004-2005 marketing year trade demand of 620,000 pounds and the 2004-2005 marketing year total available supply of 971,427 pounds.
(B) Estimated trade demand for the 2005-2006 marketing year-- 650,000 pounds. This figure is based on input from producers at five Scotch spearmint oil production area meetings held in September 2004, as well as estimates provided by handlers and other meeting participants at the October 6, 2004, meeting. The average estimated trade demand provided at the five production area meetings was 620,867 pounds, whereas the average handler trade demand ranged from 600,000 to 650,000 pounds. The average of sales over the last five years was 761,142 pounds.
(C) Salable quantity required from the 2005-2006 marketing year production--298,573 pounds. This figure is the
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difference between the estimated 2005-2006 marketing year trade demand (650,000 pounds) and the estimated carry-in on June 1, 2005 (351,427 pounds).
(D) Total estimated allotment base for the 2005-2006 marketing year--1,935,455 pounds. This figure represents a one-percent increase over the revised 2004-2005 total allotment base. This figure is generally revised each year on June 1 due to producer base being lost due to the bona fide effort production provisions of Sec. 985.53(e). The revision is usually minimal.
(E) Computed allotment percentage--15.4 percent. This percentage is computed by dividing the required salable quantity by the total estimated allotment base.
(F) Recommended allotment percentage--35 percent. This recommendation is based on the Committee's determination that a decrease from the current season's allotment percentage of 40 percent to the computed 15.4 percent would not adequately supply the potential 2005-2006 market.
(G) The Committee's recommended salable quantity--677,409 pounds. This figure is the product of the recommended allotment percentage and the total estimated allotment base.
(H) Estimated available supply for the 2005-2006 marketing year-- 1,028,836 pounds. This figure is the sum of the 2005-2006 recommended salable quantity (677,409 pounds) and the estimated carry-in on June 1, 2005 (351,427 pounds).
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Class 3 (Native) Spearmint Oil
(A) Estimated carry-in on June 1, 2005--60,000 pounds. This figure is the difference between the estimated 2004-2005 marketing year trade demand of 1,063,438 pounds and the revised 2004-2005 marketing year total available supply of 1,123,438 pounds.
(B) Estimated trade demand for the 2005-2006 marketing year-- 945,000 pounds. This figure is based on input from producers at the five Native spearmint oil production area meetings held in September 2004, as well as estimates provided by handlers and other meeting participants at the October 6, 2004, meeting. The average estimated trade demand provided at the five production area meetings was 957,000 pounds, whereas the average handler estimate was 945,000 pounds.
(C) Salable quantity required from the 2005-2006 marketing year production--885,000 pounds. This figure is the difference between the estimated 2005-2006 marketing year trade demand (945,000 pounds) and the estimated carry-in on June 1, 2005 (60,000 pounds).
(D) Total estimated allotment base for the 2005-2006 marketing year--2,169,894 pounds. This figure represents a one percent increase over the revised 2004-2005 total allotment base. This figure is generally revised each year on June 1 due to producer base being lost due to the bona fide effort production provisions of Sec. 985.53(e). The revision is usually minimal.
(E) Computed allotment percentage--40.8 percent. This percentage is computed by dividing the required salable quantity by the total estimated allotment base.
(F) Recommended allotment percentage--40 percent. This is the Committee's recommendation based on the computed allotment percentage, the average of the computed allotment percentage figures from the five production area meetings (40.6 percent), and input from producers and handlers at the October 6, 2004, meeting.
(G) The Committee's recommended salable quantity--867,958 pounds. This figure is the product of the recommended allotment percentage and the total estimated allotment base.
(H) Estimated available supply for the 2005-2006 marketing year-- 927,958 pounds. This figure is the sum of the 2005-2006 recommended salable quantity (867,958 pounds) and the estimated carry-in on June 1, 2005 (60,000 pounds).
The salable quantity is the total quantity of each class of spearmint oil, which handlers may purchase from, or handle on behalf of producers during a marketing year. Each producer is allotted a share of the salable quantity by applying the allotment percentage to the producer's allotment base for the applicable class of spearmint oil.
The Committee's recommended Scotch and Native spearmint oil salable quantities and allotment percentages of 677,409 pounds and 35 percent and 867,958 and 40 percent, respectively, are based on the Committee's goal of maintaining market stability by avoiding extreme fluctuations in supplies and prices and the anticipated supply and trade demand during the 2005-2006 marketing year. The proposed salable quantities are not expected to cause a shortage of spearmint oil supplies. Any unanticipated or additional market demand for spearmint oil, which may develop during the marketing year, can be satisfied by an increase in the salable quantities. Both Scotch and Native spearmint oil producers who produce more than their annual allotments during the 2005-2006 marketing year may transfer such excess spearmint oil to a producer with spearmint oil production less than his or her annual allotment or put it into the reserve pool until November 1, 2005.
This proposed regulation, if adopted, would be similar to regulations issued in prior seasons. Costs to producers and handlers resulting from this rule are expected to be offset by the benefits derived from a stable market and improved returns. In conjunction with the issuance of this proposed rule, USDA has reviewed the Committee's marketing policy statement for the 2005-2006 marketing year. The Committee's marketing policy statement, a requirement whenever the Committee recommends volume regulations, fully meets the intent of Sec. 985.50 of the order. During its discussion of potential 2005-2006 salable quantities and allotment percentages, the Committee considered: (1) The estimated quantity of salable oil of each class held by producers and handlers; (2) the estimated demand for each class of oil; (3) prospective production of each class of oil; (4) total of allotment bases of each class of oil for the current marketing year and the estimated total of allotment bases of each class for the ensuing marketing year; (5) the quantity of reserve oil, by class, in storage; (6) producer prices of oil, including prices for each class of oil; and (7) general market conditions for each class of oil, including whether the estimated season average price to producers is likely to exceed parity. Conformity with the USDA's ``Guidelines for Fruit, Vegetable, and Specialty Crop Marketing Orders'' has also been reviewed and confirmed.
The establishment of these salable quantities and allotment percentages would allow for anticipated market needs. In determining anticipated market needs, consideration by the Committee was given to historical sales, as well as changes and trends in production and demand. This rule also provides producers with information on the amount of spearmint oil that should be produced for the 2005-2006 season in order to meet anticipated market demand.
Initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis
Pursuant to requirements set forth in the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA), the Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) has considered the economic impact of this rule on small entities. Accordingly, AMS has prepared this initial regulatory flexibility analysis.
The purpose of the RFA is to fit regulatory actions to the scale of
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business subject to such actions in order that small businesses will not be unduly or disproportionately burdened. Marketing orders issued pursuant to the Act, and the rules issued thereunder, are unique in that they are brought about through group action of essentially small entities acting on their own behalf. Thus, both statutes have small entity orientation and compatibility.
There are eight spearmint oil handlers subject to regulation under the order, and approximately 59 producers of Class 1 (Scotch) spearmint oil and approximately 91 producers of Class 3 (Native) spearmint oil in the regulated production area. Small agricultural service firms are defined by the Small Business Administration (SBA) (13 CFR 121.201) as those having annual receipts of less than $5,000,000, and small agricultural producers are defined as those whose annual receipts are less than $750,000.
Based on the SBA's definition of small entities, the Committee estimates that 2 of the 8 handlers regulated by the order could be considered small entities. Most of the handlers are large corporations involved in the international trading of essential oils and the products of essential oils. In addition, the Committee estimates that 19 of the 59 Scotch spearmint oil producers and 21 of the 91 Native spearmint oil producers could be classified as small entities under the SBA definition. Thus, a majority of handlers and producers of Far West spearmint oil may not be classified as small entities.
The Far West spearmint oil industry is characterized by producers whose farming operations generally involve more than one commodity, and whose income from farming operations is not exclusively dependent on the production of spearmint oil. A typical spearmint oil-producing operation has enough acreage for rotation such that the total acreage required to produce the crop is about one-third spearmint and two- thirds rotational crops. Thus, the typical spearmint oil producer has to have considerably more acreage than is planted to spearmint during any given season. Crop rotation is an essential cultural practice in the production of spearmint oil for weed, insect, and disease control. To remain economically viable with the added costs associated with spearmint oil production, most spearmint oil-producing farms fall into the SBA category of large businesses.
Small spearmint oil producers generally are not as extensively diversified as larger ones and as such are more at risk from market fluctuations. Such small producers generally need to market their entire annual crop and do not have the luxury of having other crops to cushion seasons with poor spearmint oil returns. Conversely, large diversified producers have the potential to endure one or more seasons of poor spearmint oil markets because income from alternate crops could support the operation for a period of time. Being reasonably assured of a stable price and market provides small producing entities with the ability to maintain proper cash flow and to meet annual expenses. Thus, the market and price stability provided by the order potentially benefit the small producer more than such provisions benefit large producers. Even though a majority of handlers and producers of spearmint oil may not be classified as small entities, the volume control feature of this order has small entity orientation.
This proposed rule would establish the quantity of spearmint oil produced in the Far West, by class, that handlers may purchase from, or handle for, producers during the 2005-2006 marketing year. The Committee recommended this rule to help maintain stability in the spearmint oil market by avoiding extreme fluctuations in supplies and prices. Establishing quantities to be purchased or handled during the marketing year through volume regulations allows producers to plan their mint planting and harvesting to meet expected market needs. The provisions of Sec. Sec. 985.50, 985.51, and 985.52 of the order authorize this rule.
Instability in the spearmint oil sub-sector of the mint industry is much more likely to originate on the supply side than the demand side. Fluctuations in yield and acreage planted from season-to-season tend to be larger than fluctuations in the amount purchased by buyers. Demand for spearmint oil tends to be relatively stable from year-to-year. The demand for spearmint oil is expected to grow slowly for the foreseeable future because the demand for consumer products that use spearmint oil will likely expand slowly, in line with population growth.
Demand for spearmint oil at the farm level is derived from retail demand for spearmint-flavored products such as chewing gum, toothpaste, and mouthwash. The manufacturers of these products are by far the largest users of mint oil. However, spearmint flavoring is generally a very minor component of the products in which it is used, so changes in the raw product price have no impact on retail prices for those goods.
Spearmint oil production tends to be cyclical. Years of large production, with demand remaining reasonably stable, have led to periods in which large producer stocks of unsold spearmint oil have depressed producer prices for a number of years. Shortages and high prices may follow in subsequent years, as producers respond to price signals by cutting back production.
The significant variability is illustrated by the fact that the coefficient of variation (a standard measure of variability; ``CV'') of Far West spearmint oil production from 1980 through 2003 was about 0.24. The CV for spearmint oil grower prices was about 0.14, well below the CV for production. This provides an indication of the price stabilizing impact of the marketing order.
Production in the shortest marketing years was about 49 percent of the 24-year average (1.875 million pounds from 1980 through 2003) and the largest crop was approximately 166 percent of the 24-year average. A key consequence is that in years of oversupply and low prices the season average producer price of spearmint oil is below the average cost of production (as measured by the Washington State University Cooperative Extension Service.)
The wide fluctuations in supply and prices that result from this cycle, which was even more pronounced before the creation of the marketing order, can create liquidity problems for some producers. The marketing order was designed to reduce the price impacts of the cyclical swings in production. However, producers have been less able to weather these cycles in recent years because of the decline in prices of many of the alternative crops they grow. As noted earlier, almost all spearmint oil producers diversify by growing other crops.
In an effort to stabilize prices, the spearmint oil industry uses the volume control mechanisms authorized under the order. This authority allows the Committee to recommend a salable quantity and allotment percentage for each class of oil for the upcoming marketing year. The salable quantity for each class of oil is the total volume of oil that producers may sell during the marketing year. The allotment percentage for each class of spearmint oil is derived by dividing the salable quantity by the total allotment base.
Each producer is then issued an annual allotment certificate, in pounds, for the applicable class of oil, which is calculated by multiplying the producer's allotment base by the applicable allotment percentage. This is the amount of oil for the applicable class that the producer can sell.
By November 1 of each year, the Committee identifies any oil that
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individual producers have produced above the volume specified on their annual allotment certificates. This excess oil is placed in a reserve pool administered by the Committee.
There is a reserve pool for each class of oil that may not be sold during the current marketing year unless USDA approves a Committee recommendation to make a portion of the pool available. However, limited quantities of reserve oil are typically sold to fill deficiencies. A deficiency occurs when on-farm production is less than a producer's allotment. In that case, a producer's own reserve oil can be sold to fill that deficiency. Excess production (higher than the producer's allotment) can be sold to fill other producers' deficiencies.
In any given year, the total available supply of spearmint oil is composed of current production plus carry-over stocks from the previous crop. The Committee seeks to maintain market stability by balancing supply and demand, and to close the marketing year with an appropriate level of carryout. If the industry has production in excess of the salable quantity, then the reserve pool absorbs the surplus quantity of spearmint oil, which goes unsold during that year, unless the oil is needed for unanticipated sales.
Under its provisions, the order may attempt to stabilize prices by (1) limiting supply and establishing reserves in high production years, thus minimizing the price-depressing effect that excess producer stocks have on unsold spearmint oil, and (2) ensuring that stocks are available in short supply years when prices would otherwise increase dramatically. The reserve pool stocks grown in large production years are drawn down in short crop years.
An econometric model was used to assess the impact that volume control has on the prices producers receive for their commodity. Without volume control, spearmint oil markets would likely be over- supplied, resulting in low producer prices and a large volume of oil stored and carried over to the next crop year. The model estimates how much lower producer prices would likely be in the absence of volume controls.
The Committee estimated the available supply during the 2004-2005 marketing year for both classes of oil at 2,094,865 pounds, and that the expected carry-in will be 411,427 pounds. Therefore, with volume control, sales by producers for the 2004-2005 marketing year would be limited to 1,545,367 pounds (the recommended salable quantity for both classes of spearmint oil).
The recommended salable percentages, upon which 2005-2006 producer allotments are based, are 35 percent for Scotch and 40 percent for Native. Without volume controls, producers would not be limited to these allotment levels, and could produce and sell additional spearmint. The econometric model estimated a $1.74 decline in the season average producer price per pound (from both classes of spearmint oil) resulting from the higher quantities that would be produced and marketed without volume control. The Far West producer price for both classes of spearmint oil was $9.50 for 2003, which is below the average of $11.26 for the period of 1980 through 2003, based on National Agricultural Statistics Service data. The surplus situation for the spearmint oil market that would exist without volume controls in 2005- 2006 also would likely dampen prospects for improved producer prices in future years because of the buildup in stocks.
The use of volume controls allows the industry to fully supply spearmint oil markets while avoiding the negative consequences of over- supplying these markets. The use of volume controls is believed to have little or no effect on consumer prices of products containing spearmint oil and will not result in fewer retail sales of such products.
The Committee discussed alternatives to the recommendations contained in this rule for both classes of spearmint oil. The Committee discussed and rejected the idea of recommending that there not be any volume regulation for Scotch spearmint oil because of the severe price- depressing effects that would occur without volume control.
The Committee also considered various alternative levels of volume control for Scotch spearmint oil, including leaving the percentage the same as the current season, increasing the percentage to a less restrictive level, or decreasing the percentage. After considerable discussion the Committee unanimously supported decreasing the percentage to 35 percent.
The Committee discussed and rejected the idea of recommending that there not be any volume regulation for Native spearmint oil. The immediate result would be to put an excessive amount of Native reserve pool oil on the market causing depressed prices at the producer level. With the current price for Native spearmint oil lower than the 10-year average, and sales below the 5-year average, the Committee, after considerable discussion, determined that 867,958 pounds and 40 percent would be the most effective salable quantity and allotment percentage, respectively, for the 2005-2006 marketing year.
As noted earlier, the Committee's recommendation to establish salable quantities and allotment percentages for both classes of spearmint oil was made after careful consideration of all available information, including: (1) The estimated quantity of salable oil of each class held by producers and handlers; (2) the estimated demand for each class of oil; (3) the prospective production of each class of oil; (4) the total of allotment bases of each class of oil for the current marketing year and the estimated total of allotment bases of each class for the ensuing marketing year; (5) the quantity of reserve oil, by class, in storage; (6) producer prices of oil, including prices for each class of oil; and (7) general market conditions for each class of oil, including whether the estimated season average price to producers is likely to exceed parity. Based on its review, the Committee believes that the salable quantity and allotment percentage levels recommended would achieve the objectives sought.
Without any regulations in effect, the Committee believes the industry would return to the pronounced cyclical price patterns that occurred prior to the order, and that prices in 2005-2006 would decline substantially below current levels.
As stated earlier, the Committee believes that the order has contributed extensively to the stabilization of producer prices, which prior to 1980 experienced wide fluctuations from year-to-year. National Agricultural Statistics Service records show that the average price paid for both classes of spearmint oil ranged from $4.00 per pound to $11.10 per pound during the period between 1968 and 1980. Prices have been consistently more stable since the marketing order's inception in 1980, with an average price (1980-2003) of $12.93 per pound for Scotch spearmint oil and $9.85 per pound for Native spearmint oil.
During the period of 1998 through 2003, however, large production and carry-in inventories have contributed to prices below the 24-year average, despite the Committee's efforts to balance available supplies with demand. Prices have ranged from $8.00 to $11.00 per pound for Scotch spearmint oil and between $9.10 and $10.00 per pound for Native spearmint oil.
According to the Committee, the recommended salable quantities and allotment percentages are expected to achieve the goals of market and price stability.
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As previously stated, annual salable quantities and allotment percentages have been issued for both classes of spearmint oil since the order's inception. Reporting and recordkeeping requirements have remained the same for each year of regulation. These requirements have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under OMB Control No. 0581-0065. Accordingly, this rule would not impose any additional reporting or recordkeeping requirements on either small or large spearmint oil producers and handlers. All reports and forms associated with this program are reviewed periodically in order to avoid unnecessary and duplicative information collection by industry and public sector agencies. The USDA has not identified any relevant Federal rules that duplicate, overlap, or conflict with this rule.
The Committee's meeting was widely publicized throughout the spearmint oil industry and all interested persons were invited to attend the meeting and participate in Committee deliberations on all issues. Like all Committee meetings, the October 6, 2004, meeting was a public meeting and all entities, both large and small, were able to express views on this issue. Finally, interested persons are invited to submit information on the regulatory and informational impacts of this action on small businesses.
A small business guide on complying with fruit, vegetable, and specialty crop marketing agreements and orders may be viewed at: http://www.ams.usda.gov/fv/moab.html. Any questions about the compliance
guide should be sent to Jay Guerber at the previously mentioned address in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
A 30-day comment period is provided to allow interested persons the opportunity to respond to the proposal, including any regulatory and informational impacts of this action on small businesses. This comment period is deemed appropriate so that a final determination can be made prior to June 1, 2005, the beginning of the 2005-2006 marketing year. All written comments received within the comment period will be considered before a final determination is made on this matter.
List of Subjects in 7 CFR Part 985
Marketing agreements, Oils and fats, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Spearmint oil.
For the reasons set forth in the preamble, 7 CFR part 985 is proposed to be amended as follows:
PART 985--MARKETING ORDER REGULATING THE HANDLING OF SPEARMINT OIL PRODUCED IN THE FAR WEST
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The authority citation for 7 CFR part 985 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 7 U.S.C. 601-674.
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A new Sec. 985.224 is added to read as follows:
Note: This section will not appear in the Code of Federal Regulations.
Sec. 985.224 Salable quantities and allotment percentages--2005-2006 marketing year.
The salable quantity and allotment percentage for each class of spearmint oil during the marketing year beginning on June 1, 2005, shall be as follows:
(a) Class 1 (Scotch) oil--a salable quantity of 677,409 pounds and an allotment percentage of 35 percent.
(b) Class 3 (Native) oil--a salable quantity of 867,958 pounds and an allotment percentage of 40 percent.
Dated: January 5, 2005. Kenneth C. Clayton, Associate Administrator, Agricultural Marketing Service.
[FR Doc. 05-581 Filed 1-11-05; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 3410-02-P
