Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources and Emission Guidelines for Existing Sources: Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units
Federal Register, Volume 80 Issue 13 (Wednesday, January 21, 2015)
Federal Register Volume 80, Number 13 (Wednesday, January 21, 2015)
Proposed Rules
Pages 3017-3087
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Printing Office www.gpo.gov
FR Doc No: 2014-29568
Page 3017
Vol. 80
Wednesday,
No. 13
January 21, 2015
Part II
Environmental Protection Agency
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40 CFR Part 60
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources and Emission Guidelines for Existing Sources: Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units; Proposed Rules
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 60
EPA-HQ-OAR-2003-0119; FRL-9919-27-OAR
RIN 2060-AR11
Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources and Emission Guidelines for Existing Sources: Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency.
ACTION: Proposed rule.
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SUMMARY: On February 7, 2013, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) promulgated its final response to petitions for reconsideration of the final new source performance standards (NSPS) and emission guidelines (EG) for commercial and industrial solid waste incineration (CISWI) units that were promulgated on March 21, 2011. Following promulgation of the February 2013 final action, the Administrator received petitions for reconsideration that identified issues that petitioners maintain require additional reconsideration and/or warrant further opportunity for public comment. In this action, the EPA is granting reconsideration on four provisions of the February 2013 final NSPS and EG for CISWI units. In addition, the EPA identified regulatory provisions that require clarification and editorial correction to address inconsistencies and errors in the final rules. The proposed amendments provide additional clarity and improve the implementation of the February 2013 final CISWI standards, but do not have any environmental, energy or economic impacts associated with the proposed action.
DATES: Comments. Comments must be received on or before March 9, 2015, or 30 days after date of public hearing, if later.
Public Hearing. If anyone contacts us requesting to speak at a public hearing by January 26, 2015, a public hearing will be held on February 5, 2015. If you are interested in attending the public hearing, contact Ms. Virginia Hunt at (919) 541-0832 to verify that a hearing will be held.
ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-
OAR-2003-0119, by one of the following methods:
www.regulations.gov: Follow the on-line instructions for submitting comments.
Email: a-and-r-docket@epa.gov.
Fax: (202) 566-1741.
Mail: EPA Docket Center (EPA/DC), Mailcode: 28221T, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave. NW., Washington, DC 20460. The EPA requests a separate copy also be sent to the contact person identified below (see FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT).
Hand Delivery: EPA Docket Center, Room 3334, EPA WJC West Building, 1301 Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, DC. Such deliveries are only accepted during the Docket's normal hours of operation, and special arrangements should be made for deliveries of boxed information.
Instructions: Direct your comments to Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-
2003-0119. The EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included in the public docket without change and may be made available on-line at www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided, unless the comment includes information claimed to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Do not submit information that you consider to be CBI or otherwise protected through www.regulations.gov or email. The www.regulations.gov Web site is an ``anonymous access'' system, which means the EPA will not know your identity or contact information unless you provide it in the body of your comment. If you send an email comment directly to the EPA without going through www.regulations.gov, your email address will be automatically captured and included as part of the comment that is placed in the public docket and made available on the Internet. If you submit an electronic comment, the EPA recommends that you include your name and other contact information in the body of your comment and with any disk or CD-ROM you submit. If the EPA cannot read your comment due to technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification, the EPA may not be able to consider your comment. Electronic files should avoid the use of special characters, any form of encryption and be free of any defects or viruses.
Public Hearing: If anyone contacts the EPA requesting a public hearing by January 26, 2015, the public hearing will be held on February 5, 2015 at the EPA's campus at 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. The hearing will begin at 1:00 p.m. (Eastern Standard Time) and conclude at 5:00 p.m. (Eastern Standard Time). Please contact Ms. Virginia Hunt at 919-541-0832 or at hunt.virginia@epa.gov to register to speak at the hearing or to inquire as to whether or not a hearing will be held. The last day to pre-
register to speak at the hearing will be February 2, 2015. Additionally, requests to speak will be taken the day of the hearing at the hearing registration desk, although preferences on speaking times may not be able to be fulfilled. If you require the service of a translator or special accommodations such as audio description, please let us know at the time of registration. If you require an accommodation we ask that you pre-register for the hearing, as we may not be able to arrange such accommodations without advance notice. The hearing will provide interested parties the opportunity to present data, views or arguments concerning the proposed action. The EPA will make every effort to accommodate all speakers who arrive and register. Because these hearing are being held at U.S. government facilities, individuals planning to attend the hearing should be prepared to show valid picture identification to the security staff in order to gain access to the meeting room. Please note that the REAL ID Act, passed by Congress in 2005, established new requirements for entering federal facilities. If your driver's license is issued by Alaska, American Samoa, Arizona, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Montana, New York, Oklahoma or the state of Washington, you must present an additional form of identification to enter the federal building. Acceptable alternative forms of identification include: Federal employee badges, passports, enhanced driver's licenses and military identification cards. In addition, you will need to obtain a property pass for any personal belongings you bring with you. Upon leaving the building, you will be required to return this property pass to the security desk. No large signs will be allowed in the building, cameras may only be used outside of the building and demonstrations will not be allowed on federal property for security reasons. The EPA may ask clarifying questions during the oral presentations, but will not respond to the presentations at that time. Written statements and supporting information submitted during the comment period will be considered with the same weight as oral comments and supporting information presented at the public hearing. Again a hearing will not be held unless requested.
Docket: All documents in the docket are listed in the www.regulations.gov index. Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other information
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whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, will be publicly available only in hard copy. Publicly available docket materials are available either electronically in www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the EPA Docket Center (EPA/
DC), WJC West Building, Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave. NW., Washington, DC. The Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal holidays. The telephone number for the Public Reading Room is (202) 566-1744, and the telephone number for the Air Docket is (202) 566-1742.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For further information, contact Ms. Toni Jones, Fuels and Incineration Group, Sector Policies and Programs Division (E143-05), Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; telephone number: (919) 541-0316; fax number: (919) 541-3470; email address: jones.toni@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Acronyms and Abbreviations. The following acronyms and abbreviations are used in this document.
Btu British Thermal Unit
CAA Clean Air Act
CBI Confidential Business Information
Cd Cadmium
CEMS Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
CISWI Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration
CO Carbon Monoxide
CO2 Carbon Dioxide
dscm Dry Standard Cubic Meter
EG Emission Guidelines
EJ Environmental Justice
EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
ERU Energy Recovery Unit
ESP Electrostatic Precipitator
FVF Fuel Variability Factor
HCl Hydrogen Chloride
Hg Mercury
ICR Information Collection Request
MACT Maximum Achievable Control Technology
mg/dscm Milligrams per Dry Standard Cubic Meter
mmBtu/hr Million British Thermal Units per Hour
NAICS North American Industrial Classification System
NESHAP National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
ng/dscm Nanograms per Dry Standard Cubic Meter
NHSM Non-Hazardous Secondary Material(s)
NOX Nitrogen Oxides
NSPS New Source Performance Standards
NTTAA National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
OAQPS Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
OMB Office of Management and Budget
Pb Lead
PM Particulate Matter
ppm Parts Per Million
ppmv Parts Per Million by Volume
ppmvd Parts Per Million by Dry Volume
PS Performance Specification
RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
RIN Regulatory Information Number
SBA Small Business Administration
SO2 Sulfur Dioxide
SSM Startup, Shutdown, and Malfunction
The Court United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
TTN Technology Transfer Network
ug/dscm Micrograms per Dry Standard Cubic Meter
UMRA Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
U.S.C. United States Code
VCS Voluntary Consensus Standards
WWW World Wide Web
Does this action apply to me?
Categories and entities potentially affected by the proposed action are those that operate CISWI units. The NSPS and EG, hereinafter referred to as ``standards,'' for CISWI affect the following categories of sources:
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Examples of
Category NAICS \a\ Code potentially regulated
entities
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Any industrial or commercial 211, 212, 486 Mining, oil and gas
facility using a solid waste exploration
incinerator. operations; pipeline
operators.
221 Utility providers.
321, 322, 337 Manufacturers of wood
products;
manufacturers of
pulp, paper and
paperboard;
manufacturers of
furniture and
related products.
325, 326 Manufacturers of
chemicals and allied
products;
manufacturers of
plastics and rubber
products.
327 Manufacturers of
cement; nonmetallic
mineral product
manufacturing.
333, 336 Manufacturers of
machinery;
manufacturers of
transportation
equipment.
423, 44, Merchant wholesalers,
durable goods;
retail trade.
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\a\ North American Industrial Classification System
This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather provides a guide for readers regarding entities likely to be affected by the proposed action. To determine whether your facility would be affected by the proposed action, you should examine the applicability criteria in 40 CFR 60.2010 of subpart CCCC, 40 CFR 60.2505 of subpart DDDD and 40 CFR 241. If you have any questions regarding the applicability of the proposed action to a particular entity, contact the person listed in the preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
What should I consider as I prepare my comments to the EPA?
Submitting CBI. Do not submit information that you consider to be CBI electronically through http://www.regulations.gov, or email. For comments on the CISWI reconsideration and proposal, send or deliver information identified as CBI to only the following address: Mr. Roberto Morales, c/o OAQPS Document Control Officer (Room C404-02), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, Attn: Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2003-0119.
Clearly mark the part or all of the information that you claim to be CBI. For CBI information in a disk or CD-ROM that you mail to the EPA, mark the outside of the disk or CD-ROM as CBI and then identify electronically within the disk or CD-ROM the specific information that is claimed as CBI. In addition to one complete version of the comment that includes information claimed as CBI, a copy of the comment that does not contain the information claimed as CBI must be submitted for inclusion in the public docket. If you submit a disk or CD-ROM that does not contain CBI, mark the outside of the disk or CD-ROM clearly that it does not contain CBI. Information marked as CBI will not be disclosed except in accordance with procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2.
If you have any questions about CBI or the procedures for claiming CBI, please consult the person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section.
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How do I obtain a copy of this document and other related information?
The docket number for the proposed action regarding the CISWI NSPS (40 CFR part 60, subpart CCCC) and EG (40 CFR part 60, subpart DDDD) is Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2003-0119.
World Wide Web
In addition to being available in the docket, an electronic copy of the proposed action is available on the World Wide Web (WWW) through the Technology Transfer Network (TTN) Web. Following signature, the EPA posted a copy of the proposed action at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/129/ciwi/ciwipg.html. The TTN provides information and technology exchange in various areas of air pollution control.
Organization of this Document. The following outline is provided to aid in locating information in this preamble.
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General Information
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Background Information
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Actions We Are Taking
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Discussion of Issues for Reconsideration
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Definition of ``CEMS Data During Startup and Shutdown Periods''
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PM Limit for the Waste-Burning Kiln Subcategory
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FVF for Coal-Burning Energy Recovery Units
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Definition of Kiln
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Technical Corrections and Clarifications
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2000 CISWI New Source Applicability Clarification for Incinerators and Air Curtain Incinerators
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Typographical Errors and Corrections
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Clarifications
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Environmental, Energy and Economic Impacts
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Affirmative Defense for Violation of Emission Standards During Malfunction
II Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
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Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review
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Paperwork Reduction Act
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Regulatory Flexibility Act
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Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
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Executive Order 13132: Federalism
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Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments
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Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks
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Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use
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National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
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Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations
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General Information
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Background Information
On March 21, 2011, the EPA promulgated revised NSPS and EG for CISWI units (i.e., solid waste incineration units located at commercial or industrial facilities). Following that action, the Administrator received petitions for reconsideration that identified certain issues that warranted further opportunity for public comment. In response to the petitions, the EPA reconsidered and requested comment on several provisions of the February 2011 final NSPS and EG for commercial and industrial solid waste incineration units. The EPA published the proposed revisions to the NSPS and EG for commercial and industrial solid waste units on December 23, 2011 (76 FR 80452).
On February 7, 2013, the EPA promulgated the final reconsidered NSPS and EG for CISWI units (78 FR 9112). The final rule made some revisions to the December 2011 proposed reconsideration rule in response to comments and additional information received. Following that action, the EPA again received petitions for reconsideration. These petitions stated certain provisions should be reconsidered and that the public lacked sufficient opportunity to comment on some of the provisions contained in the final 2013 CISWI rule. In this action, the EPA is reconsidering and requesting comment on four provisions of the 2013 final NSPS and EG for CISWI units. Additionally, the EPA is proposing clarifying changes and corrections to the final rule, some of which are raised in petitions for reconsideration of the 2013 CISWI rule. The EPA is also proposing to amend the final rule by removing the affirmative defense provision. The EPA continues to evaluate the remaining issues raised in the petitions for reconsideration. For a more detailed background and additional information on how this rule is related to other CAA combustion rules issued under section 112 and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) definition of solid waste, refer to prior notices (76 FR 15704, 78 FR 9112).
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Actions We Are Taking
In this notice, we are granting reconsideration of, and requesting comment on, certain issues raised by Petitioners in their petitions for reconsideration on the 2013 CISWI rule. These provisions are: (1) Definition of ``CEMS data during startup and shutdown periods;'' (2) particulate matter (PM) limit for the waste-burning kiln subcategory; (3) fuel variability factor (FVF) for coal-burning energy recovery units; and (4) the definition of kiln. Additionally, the EPA proposes to clarify certain applicability provisions relating to incinerator units and air curtain incinerator units subject to the 2000 CISWI NSPS and to correct various typographical errors identified in the rule as published in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). The EPA is also proposing to amend the final rule by removing the affirmative defense provision. Sections D and F of this preamble summarize these issues and present the proposed revisions necessary to address each issue.
We are seeking public comment only on the issues specifically identified in this action. We will not respond to any comments addressing other aspects of the 2013 CISWI final rule or any other rulemakings.
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Discussion of Issues for Reconsideration
This section of the preamble contains the EPA's basis for reconsidering the provisions we identify in this proposed rule. We solicit comment on the four issues discussed in this section and the proposed technical corrections and clarifications discussed in Section D of this preamble.
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Definition of ``CEMS Data During Startup and Shutdown Periods''
Today's proposal requests comments on the definition of ``CEMS data during startup and shutdown'' contained in the February 2013 final rule. As background, the 2011 CISWI final rule contained continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) monitoring requirements for carbon monoxide (CO) from new sources, including a provision that mandated a 7 percent oxygen correction. After the 2011 CISWI final rule was published, petitioners indicated that correcting CO concentration measurements to 7 percent oxygen is problematic during startup and shutdown periods when the flue gas oxygen content approaches the oxygen content of ambient air, especially with regard to the energy recovery unit (ERU) subcategory. Oxygen contents relatively close to ambient air are often maintained during combustion unit startup and shutdown in order to safely operate the unit, but, as a result, the corrected CO values during these periods are artificially inflated due to the oxygen correction calculation. Petitioners presented data that demonstrated how these inflated data points drive the 30-day rolling average values beyond the emission limit.
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To resolve this issue, the EPA determined that the 7 percent oxygen correction would not be required for CEMS data collected during periods of startup and shutdown. Based on data submitted for coal-burning ERUs, a new definition of ``CEMS data during startup and shutdown'' was proposed in the December 2011 reconsideration proposal that referred to the data collected during the first 4 hours of operation of an energy recovery unit starting up from a cold start and the hour of operation following the cessation of waste material being fed to the unit during shutdown.
The EPA received comments on the proposed definition expressing concern that the time limits included in the definition may not accurately represent all CISWI unit types. Further, commenters argued that the same logic should apply for all CEMS-measured emission limits, not just CO. They explained that, even though CEMS is a compliance alternative rather than a requirement for most CISWI standards, other air regulations and permit requirements may require the units to continue to monitor emissions using CEMS data. Therefore, in the February 2013 CISWI final rule, the definition was revised to include all pollutants measured with a CEMS, expanded to include a separate definition for waste-burning kilns, and the 4-hour and 1-hour time limits in the definition were removed. The EPA defined the end of the startup period and the beginning of the shutdown period as the introduction and cessation of waste fed to the unit, respectively. Information available for the best performing units demonstrates their typical operation and supports the idea that startup and shutdown periods be defined by the introduction and cessation of waste being fed to the units. Furthermore, for the incinerator, small remote incinerator, and the ERU subcategories, the startup period was limited to 48 hours and the shutdown period limited to 24 hours.
After the February 2013 CISWI final rule was promulgated, the EPA received petitions stating that stakeholders did not have the opportunity to comment on the final definition, especially the clause that defines the beginning and ending of these periods as the introduction and cessation, respectively, of waste material being fed to the combustor. Petitioners argued that, with the inclusion of the provision ending startup when waste is added to the unit, the end of startup will occur too early because units that combust waste often introduce waste before steady state operations to transition from startup fuel to waste and other primary fuel combustion. For this reason, the petitioners argued that the EPA should extend the startup period duration to include the period of time when sources are transitioning to waste combustion from the startup fuel. We are taking comment on whether the definition should be revised to extend the startup period to include this transitional period of combustor operation. In addition, the EPA requests that commenters suggest provisions that would ensure adequate application of the CEMS data during startup and shutdown definition, such as maximum allowable time limits after introduction of waste, if the agency were to allow solid waste combustion during startup.
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PM Limit for the Waste-burning Kiln Subcategory
The February 2013 CISWI final rule included PM limits for new and existing waste-burning kilns in the NSPS and EG, respectively. Petitioners have requested reconsideration of these emission limits, stating that they did not have the opportunity to review and comment on the data used to calculate the 2013 emission limits.
As background, the March 2011 CISWI final rule promulgated PM emissions limits of 6.2 milligrams per dry standard cubic meter (mg/
dscm) for existing units, and 2.5 mg/dscm for new units, both corrected to 7 percent oxygen. In an action parallel to the March 21, 2011, final CISWI rule, the EPA promulgated a final rule that identifies the standards and procedures for identifying whether non-hazardous secondary materials (NHSM) are or are not solid waste when used as fuels or ingredients in combustion units. The EPA defines the NHSM that are solid waste under RCRA in the final ``Identification of Non-
Hazardous Secondary Materials That Are Solid Waste'' rulemaking. The RCRA definition of solid waste is integral in defining the CISWI source category. Commercial and industrial units that combust solid waste are subject to standards issued pursuant to CAA section 129, rather than to standards issued pursuant to CAA section 112 that would otherwise be applicable to such units (e.g., boilers, process heaters and cement kilns). Cement kilns combusting solid waste are waste-burning kilns subject to CISWI, not the otherwise applicable national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP). Following promulgation of the 2011 CISWI rule, the EPA again analyzed the materials being combusted in the entire national inventory of Portland cement kilns in light of the revisions to the NHSM rule, and made revisions to the CISWI waste-burning kiln inventory. When kilns were added to the inventory and their emissions data considered, the resulting NSPS and EG PM emission limits proposed in the December 2011 reconsideration were less stringent than those established in the March 2011 CISWI final rule.
Following the December 2011 reconsideration proposal, the EPA learned that one of the kilns in the CISWI inventory was no longer burning waste, and another kiln that was not thought to be burning waste materials was doing so. The CISWI waste-burning kiln inventory was revised during the period between proposal and final to reflect these changes, and the database updated to include emissions data for the new unit, as well as some additional test reports obtained for units within the inventory. The EPA calculated the MACT floors after making the appropriate revisions to the inventory and the new NSPS and EG PM emission limits were more stringent than those proposed in the December 2011 reconsideration proposal. Table 1, below, tracks the progression of the waste-burning kiln PM limits from the March 2011 final rule through the February 2013 final rule.
Throughout the CISWI rulemaking process from March 2011 through February 2013, the EPA used the same calculation methodology (i.e., the upper prediction limit calculated from a population of individual test runs) to establish the emission limits for waste-burning kilns. However, the data set used in these calculations has changed and grown over this period of time as the agency has revised the CISWI inventory based on information submitted to the agency by the regulated community. As a result, a petitioner has suggested that the current PM emission data set for waste-burning kilns is robust enough to warrant using 3-run emission test averages as the data population rather than the individual test runs. According to the commenter, using this approach to calculate emission limits would result in PM emission limits that are different than those of the February 2013 CISWI final rule. The calculated PM emission limits using the test averages are also presented in Table 1 for comparison.
In the context of MACT analyses, emission test averages or individual test run data can be used to determine emissions variability of best performers. We typically use individual test runs, but for categories with data from 15 or more sources, which would provide at least 45 test runs, we may choose to use test averages. In these larger datasets, the use of test averages or test runs is
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expected to make very little difference in the calculated level of the standard. In today's proposal, the EPA is soliciting comment on the data set used in the February 2013 final rule, as well as whether this data set now warrants a different calculation approach due to its size or other factors. See the memoranda titled ``Potential Emission Limits Calculation Analyses for Waste-burning Kilns and Coal ERUs,'' ``Approach for Applying the Upper Prediction Limit to Limited Datasets,'' and ``Use of the Upper Prediction Limit for Calculating MACT Floors'' in the CISWI docket for more details.
Table 1--Waste-burning Kiln PM Emission Limits from March 2011 Final Rule Through Petitioner's Current
Suggestion
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Test average-
Source type (units) March 2011 Final December 2011 February 2013 based calculated
Rule Proposed Rule Final Rule limits
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New Sources (mg/dscm) \a\........... 2.5 8.9 2.2 4.9
Existing Sources (mg/dscm) \a\...... 6.2 9.2 4.6 13.5
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\a\ corrected to 7 percent oxygen (O2).
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FVF for Coal-burning Energy Recovery Units
In the preamble to the 2013 final CISWI rule, we explained the methodology used to establish the final emission limits, which relied almost exclusively on direct emissions measurements. A petitioner expressed concern that the derivation of the CISWI limits for the coal-
fired ERU subcategory should take into account the variable constituent levels in coal and urged the EPA to incorporate fuel variability into the emission limit calculations for coal-fired ERUs as was done in the Boiler MACT for coal-fired boilers.
The petitioner contended that the EPA's emissions dataset for coal ERUs is very limited for the fuel-dependent pollutants hydrogen chloride (HCl), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and sulfur dioxide (SO2), and that emission standards based on stack test and CEMS data alone are too stringent to be met reliably because of the inherent variability of the coal. Specifically, they noted that emission standards were based solely on one stack test for Cd, Pb and HCl, two stack tests for Hg and 7 days of CEMS data for SO2, emphasizing the short-term nature of these data. They argued that coal has variable levels of each of these contaminants, referencing historical fuel data previously submitted to the agency during the public comment period.
Further, the petitioner expressed their concern that EPA based its decision in the 2013 final rule on inaccurate assumptions about the three Eastman boilers in the coal-fired ERU subcategory. This concern stemmed from an error in the EPA's response to Eastman's previous comments regarding the proposal, which mistakenly stated that for some pollutants, the best performers were not Eastman units. While this statement was true at the time of proposal, two significant changes were made regarding the coal-burning ERU subcategory in finalizing the 2013 final rule: (1) The EPA determined it would be appropriate to subcategorize solid fuel ERUs into coal-burning and biomass-burning for HCl and Hg as well as the other pollutants; and (2) the only other facility having emissions data for a coal-burning ERU confirmed that the secondary materials combusted in their unit met the legitimacy criteria for a fuel, and therefore the unit was removed from the CISWI inventory. With these changes implemented, the top performer for every pollutant became one of the three Eastman units.
For the 2013 final rule, the EPA's rationale for rejecting comments calling for the incorporation of a FVF in the emission limit calculations for coal-burning ERUs was based on the following points: (1) The subcategorization of biomass-burning and coal-burning ERUs for all nine pollutants ensures that the limits account for differences in units designed to burn coal or biomass; (2) the EPA has fuel variability data for only one facility within the coal-fired ERU subcategory, so the resulting FVF may not be reflective of the materials being combusted by other sources within the subcategory; and, (3) the EPA's analyses indicated that variability was adequately accounted for because the best performing sources in the coal-fired ERU (ERU solids (coal)) subcategory are able to meet the final emission limits. The petitioner objected to the EPA's assertion that the best performers met all of the final emission limits, emphasizing that units may not be able to consistently meet the standards. While they acknowledged that limits set for Cd, Pb and Hg may already account for contaminant variability (because Pb and Hg are controlled by electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) and Cd is rarely detected in their coal supplies), they argue that emissions of SO2 and HCl from the best performers are not controlled and are entirely dependent on sulfur and chlorine content of the fuel. This same petitioner also contended that the data the EPA used to establish the final rule nitrogen oxide (NOX) emission limit for the best-performing unit in the coal-fired ERU subcategory does not reflect this unit's actual performance accurately, since it reflects only periods of waste combustion in the analysis. The petitioner noted that this unit, as well as the other coal-fired ERUs at this facility, operate for extended periods of time in a non-waste burning mode. As a remedy, the petitioner suggested that the EPA use data from both waste-burning and non-waste burning periods for the best-performing unit to establish maximum achievable control technology (MACT) floor emission limits, stating that these will more accurately reflect actual operating conditions for this unit. The petitioner subsequently provided the EPA additional longer-term NOX CEMS data for the best-performing unit (reflecting coal-only and waste combustion periods of operation) which could be used to provide a larger data set on which to base the NOX emission limit calculations.
We are, therefore, requesting comments and supporting data regarding the need to establish a FVF for the ERU solids (coal) subcategory, including stack test data from coal-only periods of operation in our emission limit calculations, and whether the EPA should re-evaluate the NOX emission limit by using the additional CEMS data provided for the best performing unit. Table 2 presents a comparison of the 2013 final rule emission limits for existing coal ERUs and what the emission limit calculation results are when all data available (i.e., waste and coal-only modes of operation), FVF calculation techniques and the
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additional CEMS data provided by the petitioner are used in conjunction to calculate the emission limits. See the memorandum, ``Potential Emission Limits Calculation Analyses for Waste-burning Kilns and Coal ERUs,'' in the CISWI docket for more details.
Table 2--Existing Coal ERU Emission Limits From February 2013 Final Rule
and Based on FVF Plus Additional CEMS Data
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February 2013 Potential
final rule emission limit
Pollutant (units) emission limit using additional
\a\ data and FVF \a\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cadmium (Cd) (mg/dscm)............ 0.0095 0.0017 \b\
Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) (ppmv).... 13 58 \c\
Mercury (Hg) (mg/dscm)............ 0.016 0.013 \b\
Lead (Pb) (mg/dscm)............... 0.14 0.057 \c\
Particulate Matter (PM filterable) 160 130 \b\
(mg/dscm)........................
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) (ppmv)...... 340 460 \b\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ All emission limits are expressed as concentrations corrected to 7
percent O2.
\b\ Unable to calculate FVF, potential emission limit reflects use of
additional data for coal-only mode of operation.
\c\ Based on maximum ratio in dataset to calculate FVF. If average
ratios were used instead, HCl potential emission limit would be 19
(parts per million by volume) ppmv and Pb would be 0.047 mg/dscm.
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Definition of Kiln
In today's rule, the EPA is also revising the definition of ``kiln'' and adding definitions of ``in-line raw mill'' and ``in-line coal mill'' to further clarify the boundaries of the waste-burning kiln and to remain consistent with similar revisions made in the Portland Cement NESHAP. Since the in-line raw mill and in-line coal mill are part of the kiln, the kiln emission limits also apply to the exhaust of the in-line raw mill and in-line coal mill. For more background on this issue, the EPA discussed at length in the preamble to the proposed Portland Cement NESHAP a potential regulatory regime to cover situations where a portion of the kiln exhaust is ducted to the coal mill. See 77 FR 42383-85; see also the regulatory text at 77 FR 42398, 42402-06, 42408-09.
For waste-burning kilns, we have adopted language in the definition of ``kiln'' to make it consistent with that of the Portland Cement NESHAP. The terms ``in-line raw mill'' and ``in-line coal mill'' are included in this definition, and, therefore, are also being added to the definitions within the CISWI rule.
In addition to the definitional amendments, we are also proposing a compliance demonstration and on-going monitoring method for waste-
burning kilns that combine emission streams from the in-line raw mill and in-line coal mill and exhaust through multiple stacks. This approach allows sources to measure pollutant concentrations and flows from each of the stacks (i.e., kiln, alkali bypass, and in-line coal mill, as applicable) and calculate a flow-weighted average kiln stack concentration that must be met in order to be in compliance with the CISWI waste-burning kiln emission limits. These provisions are modeled upon similar provisions and equations found in the Portland Cement NESHAP, and should streamline compliance demonstrations for waste-
burning kilns that combine streams prior to discharge to the atmosphere through one or more stacks. These proposed calculation method and measurement location options are found in 40 CFR 60.2145 and 40 CFR 60.2710. We request comments on these definitional and calculation method changes to demonstrating compliance for waste-burning kilns that combine streams prior to discharge to the atmosphere through one or more stacks.
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Technical Corrections and Clarifications
In today's rule, we are also proposing some changes to the final rule to correct minor typographical errors and clarify some portions that may have been unclear. This section of the preamble summarizes these corrections and clarifications.
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2000 CISWI New Source Applicability Clarification for Incinerators and Air Curtain Incinerators
Following promulgation of the February 2013 CISWI final rule, the EPA received questions regarding the continued applicability of the 2000 CISWI NSPS for units that are subject to the 2000 CISWI NSPS as they are transitioned from the 2000 NSPS to the February 2013 EG with which they will eventually be required to comply. The 2000 CISWI NSPS are the same as the 2000 CISWI EG and limited in applicability to the incinerator subcategory and air curtain incinerators so only these types of CISWI units being regulated in the February 2013 CISWI final rules are affected by the applicability issue. The EPA intended, consistent with the statute and our stated intent (see 76 FR 15711, March 21, 2011), to continue to regulate these units as ``new'' sources under the 2000 NSPS, and then regulate them as ``existing'' sources under the more stringent EG once these units were covered under an approved state plan or federal plan that implements the February 2013 CISWI final EG. The language in the February 7, 2013 NSPS at 40 CFR 60.2105 and the title of Table 1 to 40 CFR part 60, subpart CCCC make the EPA's intent to do so evident. However, the applicability section in 40 CFR 60.2015 omitted the applicability provisions for incinerators and air curtain incinerators that are subject to the 2000 CISWI NSPS. In today's proposal, the EPA is proposing additional language in 40 CFR 60.2015(a) and 40 CFR 60.2105(b) that clarifies that these incinerators and air curtain incinerators remain ``new'' units regulated under the 2000 NSPS until such time that an approved state plan or federal plan implements the February 2013 EG for those unit, at which time such units will be subject to the 2013 EG to the extent those limits are more stringent than the 2000 CISWI NSPS limits.
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Typographical Errors and Corrections
The following items are typographical errors in the final rule that we are proposing to correct in today's proposal:
References in Sec. 60.2020(e), Sec. 60.2020(f), Sec. 60.2555(e), and Sec. 60.2555(f) were changed from ``. . . paragraphs (e)(1) through (3) . . .'' to ``. . . paragraphs (e)(1) through (4) . . .''.
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Restructured Sec. 60.2060 to add paragraph (b) that clarifies waste management plan submittal timeline for CISWI units that commence reconstruction or modification after August 7, 2013.
References in Sec. Sec. 60.2020(i) and 60.2245 were revised to include Sec. 60.2242 in addition to Sec. Sec. 60.2245 through 60.2260 (i.e., clarifies that air curtain incinerators burning wood waste, clean lumber, and/or yard waste must obtain title V permits).
References in Sec. Sec. 60.2555(i) and 60.2810 were revised to include Sec. 60.2805 in addition to Sec. Sec. 60.2810 through 60.2870(i.e., clarifies that air curtain incinerators burning wood waste, clean lumber, and/or yard waste must obtain title V permits).
References in Sec. 60.2110(i)(2)(i)(D) and Sec. 60.2675(i)(2)(i)(D) were changed from ``. . . paragraphs (i)(2)(i) through (iv) . . .'' to ``. . . paragraphs (i)(2)(i)(A) through (i)(2)(i)(C) . . .''.
Two references in the definitions of terms for Equation 3 in Sec. 60.2110(i)(2)(iv) were revised. For the `z' term, ``(2)(a)'' was corrected to ``(2)(i)'', and for the `R' term, ``Equation 3'' was corrected to ``Equation 2''.
Two references in the definitions of terms for Equation 3 in Sec. 60.2675(i)(2)(iv) were revised. For the `z' term, ``(2)(a)'' was corrected to ``(2)(i)'', and for the `R' term, ``Equation 3'' was corrected to ``Equation 2''.
The language in Sec. 60.2140(c) and Sec. 60.2705(c) were revised to include the phrase ``commence or recommence combusting'' to be parallel to the same terminology in Sec. 60.2140(b) and Sec. 60.2705(b), respectively.
Extra spaces were removed from Sec. Sec. 60.2145(v) and 60.2710(v).
The reference in Sec. 60.2145(w)(1) was changed from ``Sec. 60.2675'' to ``Sec. 60.2140''.
The references in Sec. 60.2145(x)(1) were changed from ``. . . Sec. 60.2145(l) and (x)(1)(i) through (iii) . . .'' to ``. . . paragraphs (l) and (x)(1)(i) through (x)(1)(iii) . . .''
The references in Sec. 60.2710(x)(1) were changed from ``. . . Sec. 60.2710(l) and (x)(1)(i) through (iii) . . .'' to ``. . . paragraphs (l) and (x)(1)(i) through (x)(1)(iii) . . .''
Language in Sec. 60.2145(x)(1)(iii), Sec. 60.2165(r)(1)(iii), Sec. 60.2710(x)(1)(iii) and Sec. 60.2730(r)(1)(iii) was revised to clarify the PM continuous parameter monitoring system (CPMS) detection limit. The phrase ``of no greater than'' was changed to ``increments no greater than''.
Provisions for PM CPMS in both subparts were revised to also clarify the output signals from digital monitoring devices and remove ``lb/Mmbtu'' typographical errors.
The reference in Sec. 60.2165(q)(1) was changed from ``Sec. 60.2675'' to ``Sec. 60.2140''.
Text in Sec. 60.2165(q)(3) was corrected from ``. . . paragraph (q)(4) or this section . . .'' to ``. . . paragraph (q)(4) of this section . . .''.
The title of 40 CFR part 60, subpart CCCC Table 1 was revised to clarify that these emission limits apply to incinerators that were subject to the 2000 CISWI rule provisions.
The dates paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of Sec. 60.2535 from the 2000 CISWI rule were omitted in the current CFR version of the rule, and have been reinserted.
Added text in Sec. 60.2525(b) and Sec. 60.2535(b) to clarify applicability for incinerators and air curtain incinerators that were reconstructed or modified on or after June 1, 2001, but no later than August 7, 2013.
Revised the language of Sec. 60.2550(b) to reflect the August 7, 2013 date for purposes of applicability with 40 CFR part 60, subpart CCCC.
The text ``over 10 MMBtu/hr but less than 250 MMBtu/hr annual average heat input rates'' was added to Sec. 60.2730(m) for clarification and consistency.
The definition of chemical recovery unit in Sec. 60.2265 was revised to be consistent with the definition provided in Sec. 60.2875. The following text was added: ``A chemical recovery unit is not an incinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart.''
Clarifying language was added to the HCl row of 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDDD Table 8. Compliance method text was changed from ``. . . if a wet scrubber is not used'' to ``. . . if a wet scrubber or dry scrubber is not used.''
Text in Sec. 60.2165(o) was corrected from ``. . . you must use a continuous automated sampling system. . .'' to ``. . . you may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the carbon monoxide annual performance test.''
Revise the definition of ``Oxygen trim system'' to include draft controller and to clarify that it is a system that maintains the desired excess air level over the operating load range.
Revise the definition of ``Reconstruction'' in both subparts to reflect the correct criterion that reconstruction begins on or after August 7, 2013.
Renumbered equations in 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDDD to be in sequence within the subpart instead of being a continuation with 40 CFR part 60, subpart CCCC.
Revised paragraphs Sec. Sec. 60.2030(c), 60.2210(h), 60.2220(d), 60.2235, 60.2770(h), 60.2780(d) and 60.2795 to reflect the most recent electronic reporting guidance available and to further clarify reporting requirements.
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Clarifications
Since publication of the February 7, 2013 final CISWI rule, the EPA has received some stakeholder questions and requests for clarification on certain rule provisions. We are not proposing regulatory language changes for the following items, but are providing some clarification to these questions:
Mass balance as operating limits for units without certain control devices--A stakeholder has asked for clarification on whether a mass balance could be used as an operating parameter, and whether this must be measured as a 30-day rolling average instead of taking a monthly sample. Furthermore, the stakeholder also asked whether the material balance allows them to waive annual stack testing. The EPA disagrees that mass balance operating parameters replace annual stack testing. Stack testing and operating parameters work in tandem to ensure ongoing compliance with the standards. We do, however, accept that mass balance could be an allowable operating parameter in cases where no control device is needed to meet the pollutant's specific emission limit applicable to the unit. We also point out that any source may request a different averaging time that is appropriate for their source and operating parameter as provided for in 40 CFR 60.2115.
Clarification on who the ``EPA Administrator'' is and who to contact for requests for averaging times, qualifying facility notifications, etc. We have received questions on how to contact the Administrator to submit notifications, reports and requests. The contact information is given in the General Provisions, under 40 CFR 60.4, and has addresses listed by EPA Regional Offices.
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Environmental, Energy and Economic Impacts
Today's action requests comment on some provisions and makes technical and clarifying corrections, but does not propose substantive changes to the February 7, 2013, final CISWI rule (78 FR 9112). As such, there are no environmental, energy or economic impacts associated with today's proposed action. The impacts associated with the CISWI rule were discussed in detail in the February 7, 2013, final CISWI rule document.
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Affirmative Defense for Violation of Emission Standards During Malfunction
In several prior CAA section 112 and CAA section 129 rules, including this rule, the EPA included an affirmative defense to civil penalties for violations caused by malfunctions in an effort to create a system that incorporates some flexibility, recognizing that there is a tension, inherent in many types of air regulation, to ensure adequate compliance while simultaneously recognizing that despite the most diligent of efforts, emission standards may be violated under circumstances entirely beyond the control of the source. Although the EPA recognized that its case-by-case enforcement discretion provides sufficient flexibility in these circumstances, it included the affirmative defense to provide a more formalized approach and more regulatory clarity. See Weyerhaeuser Co. v. Costle, 590 F.2d 1011, 1057-58 (D.C. Cir. 1978) (holding that an informal case-by-case enforcement discretion approach is adequate); but see Marathon Oil Co. v. EPA, 564 F.2d 1253, 1272-73 (9th Cir. 1977) (requiring a more formalized approach to consideration of ``upsets beyond the control of the permit holder.''). Under the EPA's regulatory affirmative defense provisions, if a source could demonstrate in a judicial or administrative proceeding that it had met the requirements of the affirmative defense in the regulation, civil penalties would not be assessed. Recently, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit vacated an affirmative defense in one of the EPA's CAA section 112 regulations. NRDC v. EPA, 749 F.3d 1055 (D.C. Cir., 2014) (vacating affirmative defense provisions in CAA section 112 rule establishing emission standards for Portland cement kilns). The Court found that the EPA lacked authority to establish an affirmative defense for private civil suits and held that under the CAA, the authority to determine civil penalty amounts in such cases lies exclusively with the courts, not the EPA. Specifically, the Court found: ``As the language of the statute makes clear, the courts determine, on a case-by-case basis, whether civil penalties are `appropriate.''' See NRDC, 2014 U.S. App. LEXIS 7281 at *21 (``Under this statute, deciding whether penalties are `appropriate' . . . is a job for the courts, not EPA.''). In light of NRDC, the EPA is proposing to remove the regulatory affirmative defense provision in the current rule.
In the event that a source fails to comply with the applicable CAA section 129 standards as a result of a malfunction event, the EPA would determine an appropriate response based on, among other things, the good faith efforts of the source to minimize emissions during malfunction periods, including preventative and corrective actions, as well as root cause analyses to ascertain and rectify excess emissions. The EPA would also consider whether the source's failure to comply with the CAA section 129 standard was, in fact, ``sudden, infrequent, not reasonably preventable'' and was not instead ``caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation.'' 40 CFR 60.2 (definition of malfunction).
Further, to the extent the EPA files an enforcement action against a source for violation of an emission standard, the source can raise any and all defenses in that enforcement action and the federal district court will determine what, if any, relief is appropriate. The same is true for citizen enforcement actions. Cf. NRDC at 1064 (arguments that violations were caused by unavoidable technology failure can be made to the courts in future civil cases when the issue arises). Similarly, the presiding officer in an administrative proceeding can consider any defense raised and determine whether administrative penalties are appropriate.
II Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
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Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive Order 13563: Improving Regulation and Regulatory Review
This action is not a significant regulatory action and was therefore not submitted to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for review.
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Paperwork Reduction Act
This action does not impose an information collection burden under the PRA. This action is believed to result in no changes to the information collection requirements of the February 2013 final CISWI rule, so that the information collection estimate of project cost and hour burden from the final CISWI rule have not been revised. However, the Office of Managment and Budget (OMB) has previously approved the information collection activities contained in the existing regulations (40 CFR part 60, subparts CCCC and DDDD) under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA), 44 U.S.C. 3501, et seq., and EPA Information Collection Request (ICR) number 2384.05 for subpart CCCC, 40 CFR part 60 and EPA ICR number 2385.05 for subpart DDDD have been assigned. The OMB control numbers for the EPA's regulations in 40 CFR are listed in 40 CFR part 9.
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Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) generally requires an agency to prepare a regulatory flexibility analysis of any rule subject to notice and comment rulemaking requirements under the Administrative Procedures Act (APA) or any other statute unless the agency certifies that the rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. (SISNOSE). Small entities include small businesses, small organizations and small governmental jurisdictions.
For purposes of assessing the impacts of this action on small entities, small entity is defined as: (1) A small business as defined by the Small Business Administration's regulations at 13 CFR 121.201; (2) a small governmental jurisdiction that is a government of a city, county, town, school district or special district with a population of less than 50,000; and (3) a small organization that is any not-for-
profit enterprise that is independently owned and operated and is not dominant in its field.
After considering the economic impacts of this proposed rule on small entities, I certify that this action will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. In making this determination, the impact of concern is any significant adverse economic impact on small entities. An agency may certify that a rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities if the rule relieves regulatory burden, has no net burden or otherwise has a positive economic effect on the small entities subject to the rule. This proposed rule will not impose any new requirements on any entities because it does not impose any additional regulatory requirements relative to those specified in the February 2013 final CISWI rule. The February 2013 final CISWI rule was certified as not having a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. We have therefore concluded that this action will have no net regulatory burden for all directly regulated small entities.
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Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
This action does not contain any unfunded mandate as described in UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531-1538, and does not significantly or uniquely affect small governments. This rule proposes amendments to the February 2013 final CISWI rule provisions, but they are mainly clarifications to existing rule
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language to aid in implementation, or are being made to maintain consistency with other, more recent, regulatory actions. Therefore, the action imposes no enforceable duty on any state, local or tribal governments or the private sector. Therefore, this rule is not subject to the requirements of sections 202 or 205 of UMRA.
This action seeks comment on specific aspects of the final rule for CISWI units and proposes minor changes to the rule to correct and clarify implementation issues raised by stakeholders.
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Executive Order 13132: Federalism
This action does not have federalism implications. It will not have substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship between the national government and the states or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government.
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Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments
This action does not have tribal implications, as specified in Executive Order 13175, (65 FR 67249; November 9, 2000). The EPA is not aware of any CISWI in Indian country or owned or operated by Indian tribal governments. The CISWI aspects of this rule may, however, invoke minor indirect tribal implications to the extent that entities generating solid wastes on tribal lands could be affected. Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not apply to this action.
The EPA specifically solicits additional comment on this proposed action from tribal officials.
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Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks
The EPA interprets Executive Order 13045 as applying to those regulatory actions that concern environmental health or safety risks that the EPA has reason to believe may disproportionately affect children, per the definition of ``covered regulatory action'' in section 2-202 of the Executive Order. This action is not subject to Executive Order 13045 because it does not concern an environmental health risk or safety risk.
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Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use
This action is not subject to Executive Order 13211, because it is not a significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866.
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National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
This rulemaking does not involve technical standards.
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Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations
The EPA believes the human health or environmental risk addressed by this action will not have potential disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects on minority, low-income or indigenous populations because it does not affect the level of protection provided to human health or the environment. The proposed corrections do not relax the control measures on sources regulated by the February 2013 final CISWI rule, and, therefore, will not cause emissions increases from these sources. The February 2013 final CISWI rule will reduce emissions of all the listed toxics emitted from this source, thereby helping to further ensure against any disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects on minority or low-income populations.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 60
Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedure, Air pollution control, Hazardous substances.
Dated: December 1, 2014.
Gina McCarthy,
Administrator.
For the reasons stated in the preamble, the Environmental Protection Agency proposes to amend title 40, chapter I, of the Code of Federal Regulations as follows:
PART 60--STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES
0
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The authority citation for part 60 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.
0
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Part 60 is amended by revising subpart CCCC to read as follows:
Subpart CCCC--Standards of Performance for Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units
Sec.
Introduction
60.2000 What does this subpart do?
60.2005 When does this subpart become effective?
Applicability
60.2010 Does this subpart apply to my incineration unit?
60.2015 What is a new incineration unit?
60.2020 What combustion units are exempt from this subpart?
60.2030 Who implements and enforces this subpart?
60.2035 How are these new source performance standards structured?
60.2040 Do all eleven components of these new source performance standards apply at the same time?
Preconstruction Siting Analysis
60.2045 Who must prepare a siting analysis?
60.2050 What is a siting analysis?
Waste Management Plan
60.2055 What is a waste management plan?
60.2060 When must I submit my waste management plan?
60.2065 What should I include in my waste management plan?
Operator Training and Qualification
60.2070 What are the operator training and qualification requirements?
60.2075 When must the operator training course be completed?
60.2080 How do I obtain my operator qualification?
60.2085 How do I maintain my operator qualification?
60.2090 How do I renew my lapsed operator qualification?
60.2095 What site-specific documentation is required?
60.2100 What if all the qualified operators are temporarily not accessible?
Emission Limitations and Operating Limits
60.2105 What emission limitations must I meet and by when?
60.2110 What operating limits must I meet and by when?
60.2115 What if I do not use a wet scrubber, fabric filter, activated carbon injection, selective noncatalytic reduction, an electrostatic precipitator, or a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations?
Performance Testing
60.2125 How do I conduct the initial and annual performance test?
60.2130 How are the performance test data used?
Initial Compliance Requirements
60.2135 How do I demonstrate initial compliance with the emission limitations and establish the operating limits?
60.2140 By what date must I conduct the initial performance test?
60.2141 By what date must I conduct the initial air pollution control device inspection?
Continuous Compliance Requirements
60.2145 How do I demonstrate continuous compliance with the emission limitations and the operating limits?
60.2150 By what date must I conduct the annual performance test?
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60.2151 By what date must I conduct the annual air pollution control device inspection?
60.2155 May I conduct performance testing less often?
60.2160 May I conduct a repeat performance test to establish new operating limits?
Monitoring
60.2165 What monitoring equipment must I install and what parameters must I monitor?
60.2170 Is there a minimum amount of monitoring data I must obtain?
Recordkeeping and Reporting
60.2175 What records must I keep?
60.2180 Where and in what format must I keep my records?
60.2185 What reports must I submit?
60.2190 What must I submit prior to commencing construction?
60.2195 What information must I submit prior to initial startup?
60.2200 What information must I submit following my initial performance test?
60.2205 When must I submit my annual report?
60.2210 What information must I include in my annual report?
60.2215 What else must I report if I have a deviation from the operating limits or the emission limitations?
60.2220 What must I include in the deviation report?
60.2225 What else must I report if I have a deviation from the requirement to have a qualified operator accessible?
60.2230 Are there any other notifications or reports that I must submit?
60.2235 In what form can I submit my reports?
60.2240 Can reporting dates be changed?
Title V Operating Permits
60.2242 Am I required to apply for and obtain a Title V operating permit for my unit?
Air Curtain Incinerators
60.2245 What is an air curtain incinerator?
60.2250 What are the emission limitations for air curtain incinerators?
60.2255 How must I monitor opacity for air curtain incinerators?
60.2260 What are the recordkeeping and reporting requirements for air curtain incinerators?
Definitions
60.2265 What definitions must I know?
Tables to Subpart CCCC
Table 1 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Emission Limitations for CISWI Units for Which Construction is Commenced After November 30, 1999, But no Later Than June 4, 2010, or for Which Modification or Reconstruction is Commenced on or After June 1, 2001, But no Later Than August 7, 2013
Table 2 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Operating Limits for Wet Scrubbers
Table 3 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Toxic Equivalency Factors
Table 4 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Summary of Reporting Requirements
Table 5 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Emission Limitations for Incinerators That Commenced Construction After June 4, 2010, or That Commenced Reconstruction or Modification After August 7, 2013
Table 6 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Emission Limitations for Energy Recovery Units That Commenced Construction After June 4, 2010, or That Commenced Reconstruction or Modification After August 7, 2013
Table 7 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Emission Limitations for Waste-
burning Kilns That Commenced Construction After June 4, 2010, or Reconstruction or Modification After August 7, 2013
Table 8 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Emission Limitations for Small, Remote Incinerators That Commenced Construction After June 4, 2010, Or That Commenced Reconstruction or Modification After August 7, 2013
Subpart CCCC--Standards of Performance for Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units
Introduction
Sec. 60.2000 What does this subpart do?
This subpart establishes new source performance standards for commercial and industrial solid waste incineration (CISWI) units.
Sec. 60.2005 When does this subpart become effective?
This subpart takes effect on August 7, 2013. Some of the requirements in this subpart apply to planning the CISWI unit (i.e., the preconstruction requirements in Sec. Sec. 60.2045 and 60.2050). Other requirements such as the emission limitations and operating limits apply after the CISWI unit begins operation.
Applicability
Sec. 60.2010 Does this subpart apply to my incineration unit?
Yes, if your incineration unit meets all the requirements specified in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section.
(a) Your incineration unit is a new incineration unit as defined in Sec. 60.2015.
(b) Your incineration unit is a CISWI unit as defined in Sec. 60.2265.
(c) Your incineration unit is not exempt under Sec. 60.2020.
Sec. 60.2015 What is a new incineration unit?
(a) A new incineration unit is an incineration unit that meets any of the criteria specified in paragraph (a)(1) through (a)(3) of this section.
(1) A CISWI unit that commenced construction after June 4, 2010.
(2) A CISWI unit that commenced reconstruction or modification after August 7, 2013.
(3) Incinerators and air curtain incinerators, as defined in this subpart, that commenced construction after November 30, 1999, but no later than June 4, 2010, or that commenced reconstruction or modification on or after June 1, 2001, but no later than August 7, 2013, are considered new incineration units and remain subject to the applicable requirements of this subpart until the units become subject to the requirements of an approved state plan or federal plan that implements subpart DDDD of this part (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units).
(b) This subpart does not affect your CISWI unit if you make physical or operational changes to your incineration unit primarily to comply with subpart DDDD of this part (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units). Such changes do not qualify as reconstruction or modification under this subpart.
Sec. 60.2020 What combustion units are exempt from this subpart?
This subpart exempts the types of units described in paragraphs (a), (c) through (i) and (n) of this section, but some units are required to provide notifications. Air curtain incinerators are exempt from the requirements in this subpart except for the provisions in Sec. Sec. 60.2242, 60.2250, and 60.2260.
(a) Pathological waste incineration units. Incineration units burning 90 percent or more by weight (on a calendar quarter basis and excluding the weight of auxiliary fuel and combustion air) of pathological waste, low-level radioactive waste, and/or chemotherapeutic waste as defined in Sec. 60.2265 are not subject to this subpart if you meet the two requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) Notify the Administrator that the unit meets these criteria.
(2) Keep records on a calendar quarter basis of the weight of pathological waste, low-level radioactive waste, and/or chemotherapeutic waste burned, and the weight of all other fuels and wastes burned in the unit.
(b) Reserved
(c) Municipal waste combustion units. Incineration units that are subject to subpart Ea of this part (Standards of Performance for Municipal Waste Combustors); subpart Eb of this part (Standards of Performance for Large Municipal Waste Combustors); subpart Cb of this part (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Time for Large Municipal Combustors); subpart AAAA of this part
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(Standards of Performance for Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units); or subpart BBBB of this part (Emission Guidelines for Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units).
(d) Medical waste incineration units. Incineration units regulated under subpart Ec of this part (Standards of Performance for Hospital/
Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators for Which Construction is Commenced After June 20, 1996) or subpart Ce of this part (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators).
(e) Small power production facilities. Units that meet the three requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) The unit qualifies as a small power-production facility under section 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(17)(C)).
(2) The unit burns homogeneous waste (not including refuse-derived fuel) to produce electricity.
(3) You submit documentation to the Administrator notifying the EPA that the qualifying small power production facility is combusting homogenous waste.
(4) You maintain the records specified in Sec. 60.2175(w).
(f) Cogeneration facilities. Units that meet the three requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) The unit qualifies as a cogeneration facility under section 3(18)(B) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(18)(B)).
(2) The unit burns homogeneous waste (not including refuse-derived fuel) to produce electricity and steam or other forms of energy used for industrial, commercial, heating, or cooling purposes.
(3) You submit documentation to the Administrator notifying the Agency that the qualifying cogeneration facility is combusting homogenous waste.
(4) You maintain the records specified in Sec. 60.2175(x).
(g) Hazardous waste combustion units. Units for which you are required to get a permit under section 3005 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act.
(h) Materials recovery units. Units that combust waste for the primary purpose of recovering metals, such as primary and secondary smelters.
(i) Air curtain incinerators. Air curtain incinerators that burn only the materials listed in paragraphs (i)(1) through (3) of this section are only required to meet the requirements under Sec. 60.2242 and under ``Air Curtain Incinerators'' (Sec. Sec. 60.2245 through 60.2260).
(1) 100 percent wood waste.
(2) 100 percent clean lumber.
(3) 100 percent mixture of only wood waste, clean lumber, and/or yard waste.
(j)-(l) Reserved
(m) Sewage treatment plants. Incineration units regulated under subpart O of this part (Standards of Performance for Sewage Treatment Plants).
(n) Sewage sludge incineration units. Incineration units combusting sewage sludge for the purpose of reducing the volume of the sewage sludge by removing combustible matter that are subject to subpart LLLL of this part (Standards of Performance for Sewage Sludge Incineration Units) or subpart MMMM of this part (Emission Guidelines for Sewage Sludge Incineration Units).
(o) Other solid waste incineration units. Incineration units that are subject to subpart EEEE of this part (Standards of Performance for Other Solid Waste Incineration Units) or subpart FFFF of this part (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Other Solid Waste Incineration Units).
Sec. 60.2030 Who implements and enforces this subpart?
(a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), or a delegated authority such as your state, local, or tribal agency. If the EPA Administrator has delegated authority to your state, local, or tribal agency, then that agency (as well as EPA) has the authority to implement and enforce this subpart. You should contact your EPA Regional Office to find out if this subpart is delegated to your state, local, or tribal agency.
(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority of this subpart to a state, local, or tribal agency, the authorities contained in paragraph (c) of this section are retained by the EPA Administrator and are not transferred to the state, local, or tribal agency.
(c) The authorities that will not be delegated to state, local, or tribal agencies are specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (4) and (c)(6) through (11) of this section.
(1) Approval of alternatives to the emission limitations in table 1 of this subpart and operating limits established under Sec. 60.2110.
(2) Approval of major alternatives to test methods.
(3) Approval of major alternatives to monitoring.
(4) Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and reporting.
(5) Reserved
(6) The requirements in Sec. 60.2115.
(7) The requirements in Sec. 60.2100(b)(2).
(8) Approval of alternative opacity emission limits in Sec. 60.2105 under Sec. 60.11(e)(6) through (e)(8).
(9) Performance test and data reduction waivers under Sec. 60.2125(j), Sec. 60.8(b)(4) and (5).
(10) Determination of whether a qualifying small power production facility or cogeneration facility under Sec. 60.2020(e) or (f) is combusting homogenous waste.
(11) Approval of an alternative to any electronic reporting to the EPA required by this subpart.
Sec. 60.2035 How are these new source performance standards structured?
These new source performance standards contain the eleven major components listed in paragraphs (a) through (k) of this section.
(a) Preconstruction siting analysis.
(b) Waste management plan.
(c) Operator training and qualification.
(d) Emission limitations and operating limits.
(e) Performance testing.
(f) Initial compliance requirements.
(g) Continuous compliance requirements.
(h) Monitoring.
(i) Recordkeeping and reporting.
(j) Definitions.
(k) Tables.
Sec. 60.2040 Do all eleven components of these new source performance standards apply at the same time?
No. You must meet the preconstruction siting analysis and waste management plan requirements before you commence construction of the CISWI unit. The operator training and qualification, emission limitations, operating limits, performance testing and compliance, monitoring, and most recordkeeping and reporting requirements are met after the CISWI unit begins operation.
Preconstruction Siting Analysis
Sec. 60.2045 Who must prepare a siting analysis?
(a) You must prepare a siting analysis if you plan to commence construction of an incinerator after December 1, 2000.
(b) You must prepare a siting analysis for CISWI units that commenced construction after June 4, 2010, or that commenced reconstruction or modification after August 7, 2013.
(c) You must prepare a siting analysis if you are required to submit an initial application for a construction permit under 40 CFR part 51, subpart I, or 40 CFR part 52, as applicable, for the
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reconstruction or modification of your CISWI unit.
Sec. 60.2050 What is a siting analysis?
(a) The siting analysis must consider air pollution control alternatives that minimize, on a site-specific basis, to the maximum extent practicable, potential risks to public health or the environment. In considering such alternatives, the analysis may consider costs, energy impacts, nonair environmental impacts, or any other factors related to the practicability of the alternatives.
(b) Analyses of your CISWI unit's impacts that are prepared to comply with state, local, or other federal regulatory requirements may be used to satisfy the requirements of this section, provided they include the consideration of air pollution control alternatives specified in paragraph (a) of this section.
(c) You must complete and submit the siting requirements of this section as required under Sec. 60.2190(c) prior to commencing construction.
Waste Management Plan
Sec. 60.2055 What is a waste management plan?
A waste management plan is a written plan that identifies both the feasibility and the methods used to reduce or separate certain components of solid waste from the waste stream in order to reduce or eliminate toxic emissions from incinerated waste.
Sec. 60.2060 When must I submit my waste management plan?
(a) You must submit a waste management plan prior to commencing construction.
(b) For CISWI units that commence reconstruction or modification after August 7, 2013, you must submit a waste management plan prior to the commencement of modification or reconstruction.
Sec. 60.2065 What should I include in my waste management plan?
A waste management plan must include consideration of the reduction or separation of waste-stream elements such as paper, cardboard, plastics, glass, batteries, or metals; or the use of recyclable materials. The plan must identify any additional waste management measures and implement those measures the source considers practical and feasible, considering the effectiveness of waste management measures already in place, the costs of additional measures, the emissions reductions expected to be achieved, and any other environmental or energy impacts they might have.
Operator Training and Qualification
Sec. 60.2070 What are the operator training and qualification requirements?
(a) No CISWI unit can be operated unless a fully trained and qualified CISWI unit operator is accessible, either at the facility or can be at the facility within 1 hour. The trained and qualified CISWI unit operator may operate the CISWI unit directly or be the direct supervisor of one or more other plant personnel who operate the unit. If all qualified CISWI unit operators are temporarily not accessible, you must follow the procedures in Sec. 60.2100.
(b) Operator training and qualification must be obtained through a state-approved program or by completing the requirements included in paragraph (c) of this section.
(c) Training must be obtained by completing an incinerator operator training course that includes, at a minimum, the three elements described in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Training on the eleven subjects listed in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (xi) of this section.
(i) Environmental concerns, including types of emissions.
(ii) Basic combustion principles, including products of combustion.
(iii) Operation of the specific type of incinerator to be used by the operator, including proper startup, waste charging, and shutdown procedures.
(iv) Combustion controls and monitoring.
(v) Operation of air pollution control equipment and factors affecting performance (if applicable).
(vi) Inspection and maintenance of the incinerator and air pollution control devices.
(vii) Actions to prevent and correct malfunctions or to prevent conditions that may lead to malfunctions.
(viii) Bottom and fly ash characteristics and handling procedures.
(ix) Applicable federal, state, and local regulations, including Occupational Safety and Health Administration workplace standards.
(x) Pollution prevention.
(xi) Waste management practices.
(2) An examination designed and administered by the instructor.
(3) Written material covering the training course topics that may serve as reference material following completion of the course.
Sec. 60.2075 When must the operator training course be completed?
The operator training course must be completed by the later of the three dates specified in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section.
(a) Six months after your CISWI unit startup.
(b) December 3, 2001.
(c) The date before an employee assumes responsibility for operating the CISWI unit or assumes responsibility for supervising the operation of the CISWI unit.
Sec. 60.2080 How do I obtain my operator qualification?
(a) You must obtain operator qualification by completing a training course that satisfies the criteria under Sec. 60.2070(b).
(b) Qualification is valid from the date on which the training course is completed and the operator successfully passes the examination required under Sec. 60.2070(c)(2).
Sec. 60.2085 How do I maintain my operator qualification?
To maintain qualification, you must complete an annual review or refresher course covering, at a minimum, the five topics described in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section.
(a) Update of regulations.
(b) Incinerator operation, including startup and shutdown procedures, waste charging, and ash handling.
(c) Inspection and maintenance.
(d) Prevention and correction of malfunctions or conditions that may lead to malfunction.
(e) Discussion of operating problems encountered by attendees.
Sec. 60.2090 How do I renew my lapsed operator qualification?
You must renew a lapsed operator qualification by one of the two methods specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
(a) For a lapse of less than 3 years, you must complete a standard annual refresher course described in Sec. 60.2085.
(b) For a lapse of 3 years or more, you must repeat the initial qualification requirements in Sec. 60.2080(a).
Sec. 60.2095 What site-specific documentation is required?
(a) Documentation must be available at the facility and readily accessible for all CISWI unit operators that addresses the ten topics described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (10) of this section. You must maintain this information and the training records required by paragraph (c) of this section in a manner that they can be readily accessed and are suitable for inspection upon request.
(1) Summary of the applicable standards under this subpart.
(2) Procedures for receiving, handling, and charging waste.
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(3) Incinerator startup, shutdown, and malfunction procedures.
(4) Procedures for maintaining proper combustion air supply levels.
(5) Procedures for operating the incinerator and associated air pollution control systems within the standards established under this subpart.
(6) Monitoring procedures for demonstrating compliance with the incinerator operating limits.
(7) Reporting and recordkeeping procedures.
(8) The waste management plan required under Sec. Sec. 60.2055 through 60.2065.
(9) Procedures for handling ash.
(10) A list of the wastes burned during the performance test.
(b) You must establish a program for reviewing the information listed in paragraph (a) of this section with each incinerator operator.
(1) The initial review of the information listed in paragraph (a) of this section must be conducted within 6 months after the effective date of this subpart or prior to an employee's assumption of responsibilities for operation of the CISWI unit, whichever date is later.
(2) Subsequent annual reviews of the information listed in paragraph (a) of this section must be conducted not later than 12 months following the previous review.
(c) You must also maintain the information specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Records showing the names of CISWI unit operators who have completed review of the information in Sec. 60.2095(a) as required by Sec. 60.2095(b), including the date of the initial review and all subsequent annual reviews.
(2) Records showing the names of the CISWI operators who have completed the operator training requirements under Sec. 60.2070, met the criteria for qualification under Sec. 60.2080, and maintained or renewed their qualification under Sec. 60.2085 or Sec. 60.2090. Records must include documentation of training, the dates of the initial and refresher training, and the dates of their qualification and all subsequent renewals of such qualifications.
(3) For each qualified operator, the phone and/or pager number at which they can be reached during operating hours.
Sec. 60.2100 What if all the qualified operators are temporarily not accessible?
If all qualified operators are temporarily not accessible (i.e., not at the facility and not able to be at the facility within 1 hour), you must meet one of the two criteria specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, depending on the length of time that a qualified operator is not accessible.
(a) When all qualified operators are not accessible for more than 8 hours, but less than 2 weeks, the CISWI unit may be operated by other plant personnel familiar with the operation of the CISWI unit who have completed a review of the information specified in Sec. 60.2095(a) within the past 12 months. However, you must record the period when all qualified operators were not accessible and include this deviation in the annual report as specified under Sec. 60.2210.
(b) When all qualified operators are not accessible for 2 weeks or more, you must take the two actions that are described in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) Notify the Administrator of this deviation in writing within 10 days. In the notice, state what caused this deviation, what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible, and when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be accessible.
(2) Submit a status report to the Administrator every 4 weeks outlining what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible, stating when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be accessible and requesting approval from the Administrator to continue operation of the CISWI unit. You must submit the first status report 4 weeks after you notify the Administrator of the deviation under paragraph (b)(1) of this section. If the Administrator notifies you that your request to continue operation of the CISWI unit is disapproved, the CISWI unit may continue operation for 90 days, then must cease operation. Operation of the unit may resume if you meet the two requirements in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) A qualified operator is accessible as required under Sec. 60.2070(a).
(ii) You notify the Administrator that a qualified operator is accessible and that you are resuming operation.
Emission Limitations and Operating Limits
Sec. 60.2105 What emission limitations must I meet and by when?
(a) You must meet the emission limitations for each CISWI unit, including bypass stack or vent, specified in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart by the applicable date in Sec. 60.2140. You must be in compliance with the emission limitations of this subpart that apply to you at all times.
(b) An incinerator or air curtain incinerator that commenced construction after November 30, 1999, but no later than June 4, 2010, or that commenced reconstruction or modification on or after June 1, 2001 but no later than August 7, 2013, must continue to meet the emission limits in table 1 of this subpart for units in the incinerator subcategory and Sec. 60.2250 of this subpart for air curtain incinerators until the units become subject to the requirements of an approved state plan or federal plan that implements subpart DDDD of this part (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units).
Sec. 60.2110 What operating limits must I meet and by when?
(a) If you use a wet scrubber(s) to comply with the emission limitations, you must establish operating limits for up to four operating parameters (as specified in table 2 of this subpart) as described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section during the initial performance test.
(1) Maximum charge rate, calculated using one of the two different procedures in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or (ii), as appropriate.
(i) For continuous and intermittent units, maximum charge rate is 110 percent of the average charge rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limitations.
(ii) For batch units, maximum charge rate is 110 percent of the daily charge rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limitations.
(2) Minimum pressure drop across the wet particulate matter scrubber, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average pressure drop across the wet scrubber measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the particulate matter emission limitations; or minimum amperage to the wet scrubber, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average amperage to the wet scrubber measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the particulate matter emission limitations.
(3) Minimum scrubber liquid flow rate, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average liquid flow rate at the inlet to the wet acid gas or particulate matter scrubber measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limitations.
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(4) Minimum scrubber liquor pH, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average liquor pH at the inlet to the wet acid gas scrubber measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the HCl emission limitation.
(b) You must meet the operating limits established during the initial performance test 60 days after your CISWI unit reaches the charge rate at which it will operate, but no later than 180 days after its initial startup.
(c) If you use a fabric filter to comply with the emission limitations, you must operate each fabric filter system such that the bag leak detection system alarm does not sound more than 5 percent of the operating time during a 6-month period. In calculating this operating time percentage, if inspection of the fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If you take longer than 1 hour to initiate corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual amount of time taken by you to initiate corrective action.
(d) If you use an electrostatic precipitator to comply with the emission limitations, you must measure the (secondary) voltage and amperage of the electrostatic precipitator collection plates during the particulate matter performance test. Calculate the average electric power value (secondary voltage x secondary current = secondary electric power) for each test run. The operating limit for the electrostatic precipitator is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average secondary electric power measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the particulate matter emission limitations.
(e) If you use activated carbon sorbent injection to comply with the emission limitations, you must measure the sorbent flow rate during the performance testing. The operating limit for the carbon sorbent injection is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average sorbent flow rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the mercury emission limitations. For energy recovery units, when your unit operates at lower loads, multiply your sorbent injection rate by the load fraction, as defined in this subpart, to determine the required injection rate (e.g., for 50 percent load, multiply the injection rate operating limit by 0.5).
(f) If you use selective noncatalytic reduction to comply with the emission limitations, you must measure the charge rate, the secondary chamber temperature (if applicable to your CISWI unit), and the reagent flow rate during the nitrogen oxides performance testing. The operating limits for the selective noncatalytic reduction are calculated as the highest 1-hour average charge rate, lower secondary chamber temperature, and lowest reagent flow rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limitations.
(g) If you use a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations, you must measure the injection rate of each sorbent during the performance testing. The operating limit for the injection rate of each sorbent is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average injection rate or each sorbent measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the hydrogen chloride emission limitations. For energy recovery units, when your unit operates at lower loads, multiply your sorbent injection rate by the load fraction, as defined in this subpart, to determine the required injection rate (e.g., for 50 percent load, multiply the injection rate operating limit by 0.5).
(h) If you do not use a wet scrubber, electrostatic precipitator, or fabric filter to comply with the emission limitations, and if you do not determine compliance with your particulate matter emission limitation with a particulate matter CEMS, you must maintain opacity to less than or equal to 10 percent opacity (1-hour block average).
(i) If you use a PM CPMS to demonstrate compliance, you must establish your PM CPMS operating limit and determine compliance with it according to paragraphs (i)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) Determine your operating limit as the average PM CPMS output value recorded during the performance test or at a PM CPMS output value corresponding to 75 percent of the emission limit if your PM performance test demonstrates compliance below 75 percent of the emission limit. You must verify an existing or establish a new operating limit after each repeated performance test. You must repeat the performance test annually and reassess and adjust the site-specific operating limit in accordance with the results of the performance test.
(i) Your PM CPMS must provide a 4-20 milliamp output, or digital equivalent, and the establishment of its relationship to manual reference method measurements must be determined in units of milliamps.
(ii) Your PM CPMS operating range must be capable of reading PM concentrations from zero to a level equivalent to at least two times your allowable emission limit. If your PM CPMS is an auto-ranging instrument capable of multiple scales, the primary range of the instrument must be capable of reading PM concentration from zero to a level equivalent to two times your allowable emission limit.
(iii) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compliance with the PM limit, record and average all milliamp or digital, output values from the PM CPMS for the periods corresponding to the compliance test runs (e.g., average all your PM CPMS output values for three corresponding 2-hour Method 5I test runs).
(2) If the average of your three PM performance test runs are below 75 percent of your PM emission limit, you must calculate an operating limit by establishing a relationship of PM CPMS signal to PM concentration using the PM CPMS instrument zero, the average PM CPMS output values corresponding to the three compliance test runs, and the average PM concentration from the Method 5 or performance test with the procedures in (i)(1)through (5) of this section.
(i) Determine your instrument zero output with one of the following procedures:
(A) Zero point data for in-situ instruments should be obtained by removing the instrument from the stack and monitoring ambient air on a test bench.
(B) Zero point data for extractive instruments should be obtained by removing the extractive probe from the stack and drawing in clean ambient air.
(C) The zero point can also can be established obtained by performing manual reference method measurements when the flue gas is free of PM emissions or contains very low PM concentrations (e.g., when your process is not operating, but the fans are operating or your source is combusting only natural gas) and plotting these with the compliance data to find the zero intercept.
(D) If none of the steps in paragraphs (i)(2)(i)(A) through (i)(2)(i)(C) of this section are possible, you must use a zero output value provided by the manufacturer.
(ii) Determine your PM CPMS instrument average in milliamps, or the digital equivalent, and the average of your corresponding three PM compliance test runs, using equation 1.
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GRAPHIC TIFF OMITTED TP21JA15.008
Where:
X1 = the PM CPMS output data points for the three runs constituting the performance test,
Y1 = the PM concentration value for the three runs constituting the performance test, and
n = the number of data points.
(iii) With your instrument zero expressed in milliamps, or the digital equivalent, your three run average PM CPMS milliamp value, or its digital equivalent, and your three run average PM concentration from your three compliance tests, determine a relationship of mg/dscm per milliamp or digital signal equivalent with equation 2.
GRAPHIC TIFF OMITTED TP21JA15.009
Where:
R = the relative mg/dscm per milliamp or digital equivalent for your PM CPMS,
Y1 = the three run average mg/dscm PM concentration,
X1 = the three run average milliamp or digital signal output from you PM CPMS, and
z = the milliamp or digital signal equivalent of your instrument zero determined from (2)(i).
(iv) Determine your source specific 30-day rolling average operating limit using the mg/dscm per milliamp or digital value from equation 2 in equation 3, below. This sets your operating limit at the PM CPMS output value corresponding to 75 percent of your emission limit.
GRAPHIC TIFF OMITTED TP21JA15.010
Where:
Ol = the operating limit for your PM CPMS on a 30-day rolling average, in milliamps or their digital signal equivalent.
L = your source emission limit expressed in mg/dscm,
z = your instrument zero in milliamps or the digital equivalent, determined from (2)(i), and
R = the relative mg/dscm per milliamp or digital signal output equivalent for your PM CPMS, from equation 2.
(3) If the average of your three PM compliance test runs is at or above 75 percent of your PM emission limit you must determine your operating limit by averaging the PM CPMS milliamp or digital signal output corresponding to your three PM performance test runs that demonstrate compliance with the emission limit using equation 4 and you must submit all compliance test and PM CPMS data according to the reporting requirements in paragraph (i)(5) of this section.
GRAPHIC TIFF OMITTED TP21JA15.011
Where:
X1 = the PM CPMS data points for all runs i,
n = the number of data points, and
Oh = your site specific operating limit, in milliamps or digital signal equivalent.
(4) To determine continuous compliance, you must record the PM CPMS output data for all periods when the process is operating and the PM CPMS is not out-of-control. You must demonstrate continuous compliance by using all quality-assured hourly average data collected by the PM CPMS for all operating hours to calculate the arithmetic average operating parameter in units of the operating limit (e.g., milliamps or digital signal bits, PM concentration, raw data signal) on a 30-day rolling average basis.
(5) For PM performance test reports used to set a PM CPMS operating limit, the electronic submission of the test report must also include the make and model of the PM CPMS instrument, serial number of the instrument, analytical principle of the instrument (e.g., beta attenuation), span of the instruments primary analytical range, milliamp or digital signal value equivalent to the instrument zero output, technique by which this zero value was determined, and the average milliamp or digital signals corresponding to each PM compliance test run.
Sec. 60.2115 What if I do not use a wet scrubber, fabric filter, activated carbon injection, selective noncatalytic reduction, an electrostatic precipitator, or a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations?
If you use an air pollution control device other than a wet scrubber, activated carbon injection, selective noncatalytic reduction, fabric filter, an electrostatic precipitator, or a dry scrubber or limit emissions in some other manner, including material balances, to comply with the emission limitations under Sec. 60.2105, you must petition the EPA Administrator for specific operating limits to be established during the initial performance test and continuously monitored thereafter. You must submit the petition at least sixty days before the performance test is scheduled to begin. Your petition must include the five items listed in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section.
(a) Identification of the specific parameters you propose to use as additional operating limits.
(b) A discussion of the relationship between these parameters and emissions of regulated pollutants, identifying how emissions of regulated pollutants change with changes in these parameters and how limits on these
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parameters will serve to limit emissions of regulated pollutants.
(c) A discussion of how you will establish the upper and/or lower values for these parameters which will establish the operating limits on these parameters.
(d) A discussion identifying the methods you will use to measure and the instruments you will use to monitor these parameters, as well as the relative accuracy and precision of these methods and instruments.
(e) A discussion identifying the frequency and methods for recalibrating the instruments you will use for monitoring these parameters.
Performance Testing
Sec. 60.2125 How do I conduct the initial and annual performance test?
(a) All performance tests must consist of a minimum of three test runs conducted under conditions representative of normal operations.
(b) You must document that the waste burned during the performance test is representative of the waste burned under normal operating conditions by maintaining a log of the quantity of waste burned (as required in Sec. 60.2175(b)(1)) and the types of waste burned during the performance test.
(c) All performance tests must be conducted using the minimum run duration specified in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart.
(d) Method 1 of appendix A of this part must be used to select the sampling location and number of traverse points.
(e) Method 3A or 3B of appendix A of this part must be used for gas composition analysis, including measurement of oxygen concentration. Method 3A or 3B of appendix A of this part must be used simultaneously with each method.
(f) All pollutant concentrations, except for opacity, must be adjusted to 7 percent oxygen using equation 5 of this section:
GRAPHIC TIFF OMITTED TP21JA15.012
Where:
Cadj = pollutant concentration adjusted to 7 percent oxygen;
Cmeas = pollutant concentration measured on a dry basis;
(20.9-7) = 20.9 percent oxygen-7 percent oxygen (defined oxygen correction basis);
20.9 = oxygen concentration in air, percent; and
%O2 = oxygen concentration measured on a dry basis, percent.
(g) You must determine dioxins/furans toxic equivalency by following the procedures in paragraphs (g)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Measure the concentration of each dioxin/furan tetra-through octa-chlorinated isomer emitted using EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7.
(2) Quantify isomers meeting identification criteria 2, 3, 4, and 5 in Section 5.3.2.5 of Method 23, regardless of whether the isomers meet identification criteria 1 and 7. You must quantify the isomers per Section 9.0 of Method 23. (Note: You may reanalyze the sample aliquot or split to reduce the number of isomers not meeting identification criteria 1 or 7 of Section 5.3.2.5.)
(3) For each dioxin/furan (tetra-through octa-chlorinated) isomer measured in accordance with paragraph (g)(1) and (2) of this section, multiply the isomer concentration by its corresponding toxic equivalency factor specified in table 3 of this subpart.
(4) Sum the products calculated in accordance with paragraph (g)(3) of this section to obtain the total concentration of dioxins/furans emitted in terms of toxic equivalency.
(h) Method 22 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 of this part must be used to determine compliance with the fugitive ash emission limit in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart.
(i) If you have an applicable opacity operating limit, you must determine compliance with the opacity limit using Method 9 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4 of this part, based on three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values, unless you are required to install a continuous opacity monitoring system, consistent with Sec. Sec. 60.2145 and 60.2165.
(j) You must determine dioxins/furans total mass basis by following the procedures in paragraphs (j)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Measure the concentration of each dioxin/furan tetra-through octa-chlorinated isomer emitted using EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7.
(2) Quantify isomers meeting identification criteria 2, 3, 4, and 5 in Section 5.3.2.5 of Method 23, regardless of whether the isomers meet identification criteria 1 and 7. You must quantify the isomers per Section 9.0 of Method 23. (Note: You may reanalyze the sample aliquot or split to reduce the number of isomers not meeting identification criteria 1 or 7 of Section 5.3.2.5.)
(3) Sum the quantities measured in accordance with paragraphs (j)(1) and (2) of this section to obtain the total concentration of dioxins/furans emitted in terms of total mass basis.
Sec. 60.2130 How are the performance test data used?
You use results of performance tests to demonstrate compliance with the emission limitations in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart.
Initial Compliance Requirements
Sec. 60.2135 How do I demonstrate initial compliance with the emission limitations and establish the operating limits?
You must conduct a performance test, as required under Sec. Sec. 60.2125 and 60.2105 to determine compliance with the emission limitations in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart, to establish compliance with any opacity operating limit in Sec. 60.2110, to establish the kiln-specific emission limit in Sec. 60.2145(y), as applicable, and to establish operating limits using the procedures in Sec. Sec. 60.2110 or 60.2115. The performance test must be conducted using the test methods listed in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart and the procedures in Sec. 60.2125. The use of the bypass stack during a performance test shall invalidate the performance test. You must conduct a performance evaluation of each continuous monitoring system within 60 days of installation of the monitoring system.
Sec. 60.2140 By what date must I conduct the initial performance test?
(a) The initial performance test must be conducted within 60 days after your CISWI unit reaches the charge rate at which it will operate, but no later than 180 days after its initial startup.
(b) If you commence or recommence combusting a solid waste at an existing combustion unit at any commercial or industrial facility, and you conducted a test consistent with the provisions of this subpart while combusting the solid waste within the 6 months preceding the reintroduction of that solid waste in the combustion chamber, you do not need to retest until 6 months from the date you reintroduce that solid waste.
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(c) If you commence or recommence combusting a solid waste at an existing combustion unit at any commercial or industrial facility and you have not conducted a performance test consistent with the provisions of this subpart while combusting the solid waste within the 6 months preceding the reintroduction of that solid waste in the combustion chamber, you must conduct a performance test within 60 days from the date you reintroduce that solid waste.
Sec. 60.2141 By what date must I conduct the initial air pollution control device inspection?
(a) The initial air pollution control device inspection must be conducted within 60 days after installation of the control device and the associated CISWI unit reaches the charge rate at which it will operate, but no later than 180 days after the device's initial startup.
(b) Within 10 operating days following an air pollution control device inspection, all necessary repairs must be completed unless the owner or operator obtains written approval from the state agency establishing a date whereby all necessary repairs of the designated facility must be completed.
Continuous Compliance Requirements
Sec. 60.2145 How do I demonstrate continuous compliance with the emission limitations and the operating limits?
(a) Compliance with standards.
(1) The emission standards and operating requirements set forth in this subpart apply at all times.
(2) If you cease combusting solid waste, you may opt to remain subject to the provisions of this subpart. Consistent with the definition of CISWI unit, you are subject to the requirements of this subpart at least 6 months following the last date of solid waste combustion. Solid waste combustion is ceased when solid waste is not in the combustion chamber (i.e., the solid waste feed to the combustor has been cut off for a period of time not less than the solid waste residence time).
(3) If you cease combusting solid waste, you must be in compliance with any newly applicable standards on the effective date of the waste-
to-fuel switch. The effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch is a date selected by you, that must be at least 6 months from the date that you ceased combusting solid waste, consistent with Sec. 60.2145(a)(2). Your source must remain in compliance with this subpart until the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch.
(4) If you own or operate an existing commercial or industrial combustion unit that combusted a fuel or non-waste material, and you commence or recommence combustion of solid waste, you are subject to the provisions of this subpart as of the first day you introduce or reintroduce solid waste to the combustion chamber, and this date constitutes the effective date of the fuel-to-waste switch. You must complete all initial compliance demonstrations for any section 112 standards that are applicable to your facility before you commence or recommence combustion of solid waste. You must provide 30 days prior notice of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch. The notification must identify:
(i) The name of the owner or operator of the CISWI unit, the location of the source, the emissions unit(s) that will cease burning solid waste, and the date of the notice;
(ii) The currently applicable subcategory under this subpart, and any 40 CFR part 63 subpart and subcategory that will be applicable after you cease combusting solid waste;
(iii) The fuel(s), non-waste material(s) and solid waste(s) the CISWI unit is currently combusting and has combusted over the past 6 months, and the fuel(s) or non-waste materials the unit will commence combusting;
(iv) The date on which you became subject to the currently applicable emission limits;
(v) The date upon which you will cease combusting solid waste, and the date (if different) that you intend for any new requirements to become applicable (i.e., the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch), consistent with paragraphs (a)(2) and (3)of this section.
(5) All air pollution control equipment necessary for compliance with any newly applicable emissions limits which apply as a result of the cessation or commencement or recommencement of combusting solid waste must be installed and operational as of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel, or fuel-to-waste switch.
(6) All monitoring systems necessary for compliance with any newly applicable monitoring requirements which apply as a result of the cessation or commencement or recommencement of combusting solid waste must be installed and operational as of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel, or fuel-to-waste switch. All calibration and drift checks must be performed as of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel, or fuel-to-waste switch. Relative accuracy tests must be performed as of the performance test deadline for PM CEMS (if PM CEMS are elected to demonstrate continuous compliance with the particulate matter emission limits). Relative accuracy testing for other CEMS need not be repeated if that testing was previously performed consistent with Clean Air Act section 112 monitoring requirements or monitoring requirements under this subpart.
(b) You must conduct an annual performance test for the pollutants listed in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart and opacity for each CISWI unit as required under Sec. 60.2125. The annual performance test must be conducted using the test methods listed in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart and the procedures in Sec. 60.2125. Annual performance tests are not required if you use CEMS or continuous opacity monitoring systems to determine compliance.
(c) You must continuously monitor the operating parameters specified in Sec. 60.2110 or established under Sec. 60.2115 and as specified in Sec. 60.2170. Use 3-hour block average values to determine compliance (except for baghouse leak detection system alarms) unless a different averaging period is established under Sec. 60.2115 or, for energy recovery units, where the averaging time for each operating parameter is a 30-day rolling, calculated each hour as the average of the previous 720 operating hours. Operation above the established maximum, below the established minimum, or outside the allowable range of operating limits specified in paragraph (a) of this section constitutes a deviation from your operating limits established under this subpart, except during performance tests conducted to determine compliance with the emission and operating limits or to establish new operating limits. Operating limits are confirmed or reestablished during performance tests.
(d) You must burn only the same types of waste and fuels used to establish subcategory applicability (for energy recovery units) and operating limits during the performance test.
(e) For energy recovery units, incinerators, and small remote units, you must perform an annual visual emissions test for ash handling.
(f) For energy recovery units, you must conduct an annual performance test for opacity (except where particulate matter CEMS or continuous opacity monitoring systems are used are used) and the pollutants listed in table 6 of this subpart.
(g) You may elect to demonstrate continuous compliance with the carbon monoxide emission limit using a carbon monoxide CEMS according to the following requirements:
(1) You must measure emissions according to Sec. 60.13 to calculate 1-hour
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arithmetic averages, corrected to 7 percent oxygen. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. You must demonstrate initial compliance with the carbon monoxide emissions limit using a 30-day rolling average of these 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, calculated using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 of this part.
(2) Operate the carbon monoxide CEMS in accordance with the requirements of performance specification 4A of appendix B of this part and quality assurance procedure 1 of appendix F of this part.
(h) Coal and liquid/gas energy recovery units with average annual heat input rates greater than or equal to 250 MMBtu/hr may elect to demonstrate continuous compliance with the particulate matter emissions limit using a particulate matter CEMS according to the procedures in Sec. 60.2165(n) instead of the particulate matter continuous parameter monitoring system (CPMS) specified in Sec. 60.2145. Coal and liquid/
gas energy recovery units with annual average heat input rates less than 250 MMBtu/hr, incinerators, and small remote incinerators may also elect to demonstrate compliance using a particulate matter CEMS according to the procedures in Sec. 60.2165(n) instead of particulate matter testing with EPA Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 and, if applicable, the continuous opacity monitoring requirements in paragraph (i) of this section.
(i) For energy recovery units with annual average heat input rates greater than or equal to 10 MMBtu/hour and less than 250 MMBtu/hr, you must install, operate, certify and maintain a continuous opacity monitoring system (COMS) according to the procedures in Sec. 60.2165.
(j) For waste-burning kilns, you must conduct an annual performance test for cadmium, lead, dioxins/furans and hydrogen chloride as listed in table 7 of this subpart. You must determine compliance with hydrogen chloride using a hydrogen chloride CEMS if you do not use an acid gas wet scrubber or dry scrubber. You must determine compliance with nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide using CEMS. You must determine compliance with particulate matter using CPMS. You must determine compliance with the mercury emissions limit using a mercury CEMS according to the following requirements:
(1) Operate a CEMS system in accordance with performance specification 12A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B or a sorbent trap based integrated monitor in accordance with performance specification 12B of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B. The duration of the performance test must be a calendar month. For each calendar month in which the waste-burning kiln operates, hourly mercury concentration data, and stack gas volumetric flow rate data must be obtained. You must demonstrate compliance with the mercury emissions limit using a 30-day rolling average of these 1-hour mercury concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, calculated using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 of this part. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content.
(2) Owners or operators using a mercury CEMS must install, operate, calibrate, and maintain an instrument for continuously measuring and recording the mercury mass emissions rate to the atmosphere according to the requirements of performance specifications 6 and 12A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B, and quality assurance procedure 6 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix F.
(3) The owner or operator of a waste-burning kiln must demonstrate initial compliance by operating a mercury CEMS while the raw mill of the in-line kiln/raw mill is operating under normal conditions and including at least one period when the raw mill is off.
(k) If you use an air pollution control device to meet the emission limitations in this subpart, you must conduct an initial and annual inspection of the air pollution control device. The inspection must include, at a minimum, the following:
(1) Inspect air pollution control device(s) for proper operation.
(2) Develop a site-specific monitoring plan according to the requirements in paragraph (l) of this section. This requirement also applies to you if you petition the EPA Administrator for alternative monitoring parameters under Sec. 60.13(i).
(l) For each continuous monitoring system required in this section, you must develop and submit to the EPA Administrator for approval a site-specific monitoring plan according to the requirements of this paragraph (l) that addresses paragraphs (l)(1)(i) through (vi) of this section.
(1) You must submit this site-specific monitoring plan at least 60 days before your initial performance evaluation of your continuous monitoring system.
(i) Installation of the continuous monitoring system sampling probe or other interface at a measurement location relative to each affected process unit such that the measurement is representative of control of the exhaust emissions (e.g., on or downstream of the last control device).
(ii) Performance and equipment specifications for the sample interface, the pollutant concentration or parametric signal analyzer and the data collection and reduction systems.
(iii) Performance evaluation procedures and acceptance criteria (e.g., calibrations).
(iv) Ongoing operation and maintenance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of Sec. 60.11(d).
(v) Ongoing data quality assurance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of Sec. 60.13.
(vi) Ongoing recordkeeping and reporting procedures in accordance with the general requirements of Sec. 60.7(b), (c), (c)(1), (c)(4), (d), (e), (f), and (g).
(2) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each continuous monitoring system in accordance with your site-specific monitoring plan.
(3) You must operate and maintain the continuous monitoring system in continuous operation according to the site-specific monitoring plan.
(m) If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a flow monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and (m)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Install the flow sensor and other necessary equipment in a position that provides a representative flow.
(2) Use a flow sensor with a measurement sensitivity at full scale of no greater than 2 percent.
(3) Minimize the effects of swirling flow or abnormal velocity distributions due to upstream and downstream disturbances.
(4) Conduct a flow monitoring system performance evaluation in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.
(n) If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a pressure monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and (n)(1) through (6) of this section.
(1) Install the pressure sensor(s) in a position that provides a representative measurement of the pressure (e.g., PM scrubber pressure drop).
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(2) Minimize or eliminate pulsating pressure, vibration, and internal and external corrosion.
(3) Use a pressure sensor with a minimum tolerance of 1.27 centimeters of water or a minimum tolerance of 1 percent of the pressure monitoring system operating range, whichever is less.
(4) Perform checks at the frequency outlined in your site-specific monitoring plan to ensure pressure measurements are not obstructed (e.g., check for pressure tap plugging daily).
(5) Conduct a performance evaluation of the pressure monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.
(6) If at any time the measured pressure exceeds the manufacturer's specified maximum operating pressure range, conduct a performance evaluation of the pressure monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan and confirm that the pressure monitoring system continues to meet the performance requirements in your monitoring plan. Alternatively, install and verify the operation of a new pressure sensor.
(o) If you have an operating limit that requires a pH monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and (o)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Install the pH sensor in a position that provides a representative measurement of scrubber effluent pH.
(2) Ensure the sample is properly mixed and representative of the fluid to be measured.
(3) Conduct a performance evaluation of the pH monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at least once each process operating day.
(4) Conduct a performance evaluation (including a two-point calibration with one of the two buffer solutions having a pH within 1 of the pH of the operating limit) of the pH monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than quarterly.
(p) If you have an operating limit that requires a secondary electric power monitoring system for an electrostatic precipitator, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and (p)(1) through (2) of this section.
(1) Install sensors to measure (secondary) voltage and current to the precipitator collection plates.
(2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the electric power monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.
(q) If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a monitoring system to measure sorbent injection rate (e.g., weigh belt, weigh hopper, or hopper flow measurement device), you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and (q)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) Install the system in a position(s) that provides a representative measurement of the total sorbent injection rate.
(2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the sorbent injection rate monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.
(r) If you elect to use a fabric filter bag leak detection system to comply with the requirements of this subpart, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate a bag leak detection system as specified in paragraphs (l) and (r)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) Install a bag leak detection sensor(s) in a position(s) that will be representative of the relative or absolute particulate matter loadings for each exhaust stack, roof vent, or compartment (e.g., for a positive pressure fabric filter) of the fabric filter.
(2) Use a bag leak detection system certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matter emissions at concentrations of 10 milligrams per actual cubic meter or less.
(3) Conduct a performance evaluation of the bag leak detection system in accordance with your monitoring plan and consistent with the guidance provided in EPA-454/R-98-015 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17).
(4) Use a bag leak detection system equipped with a device to continuously record the output signal from the sensor.
(5) Use a bag leak detection system equipped with a system that will sound an alarm when an increase in relative particulate matter emissions over a preset level is detected. The alarm must be located where it is observed readily by plant operating personnel.
(s) For facilities using a CEMS to demonstrate compliance with the sulfur dioxide emission limit, compliance with the sulfur dioxide emission limit may be demonstrated by using the CEMS specified in Sec. 60.2165 to measure sulfur dioxide. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. You must calculate a 30-day rolling average of the 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, calculated using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A-7 of this part. The sulfur dioxide CEMS must be operated according to performance specification 2 in appendix B of this part and must follow the procedures and methods specified in this paragraph(s). For sources that have actual inlet emissions less than 100 parts per million dry volume, the relative accuracy criterion for inlet sulfur dioxide CEMS should be no greater than 20 percent of the mean value of the reference method test data in terms of the units of the emission standard, or 5 parts per million dry volume absolute value of the mean difference between the reference method and the CEMS, whichever is greater.
(1) During each relative accuracy test run of the CEMS required by performance specification 2 in appendix B of this part, collect sulfur dioxide and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) data concurrently (or within a 30- to 60-minute period) with both the CEMS and the test methods specified in paragraphs (s)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) For sulfur dioxide, EPA Reference Method 6 or 6C, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17) must be used.
(ii) For oxygen (or carbon dioxide), EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17), must be used.
(2) The span value of the CEMS at the inlet to the sulfur dioxide control device must be 125 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential sulfur dioxide emissions of the unit subject to this rule. The span value of the CEMS at the outlet of the sulfur dioxide control device must be 50 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential sulfur dioxide emissions of the unit subject to this rule.
(3) Conduct accuracy determinations quarterly and calibration drift tests daily in accordance with procedure 1 in appendix F of this part.
(t) For facilities using a CEMS to demonstrate continuous compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limit, compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limit may be demonstrated by using the CEMS specified in Sec. 60.2165 to measure nitrogen oxides. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. You must calculate a 30-day rolling average of the 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including
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CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 of this part. The nitrogen oxides CEMS must be operated according to performance specification 2 in appendix B of this part and must follow the procedures and methods specified in paragraphs (t)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) During each relative accuracy test run of the CEMS required by performance specification 2 of appendix B of this part, collect nitrogen oxides and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) data concurrently (or within a 30- to 60-minute period) with both the CEMS and the test methods specified in paragraphs (t)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) For nitrogen oxides, EPA Reference Method 7 or 7E at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4 must be used.
(ii) For oxygen (or carbon dioxide), EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19-
10.1981 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17), as applicable, must be used.
(2) The span value of the continuous emission monitoring system must be 125 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential nitrogen oxide emissions of the unit.
(3) Conduct accuracy determinations quarterly and calibration drift tests daily in accordance with procedure 1 in appendix F of this part.
(4) The owner or operator of an affected facility may request that compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limit be determined using carbon dioxide measurements corrected to an equivalent of 7 percent oxygen. If carbon dioxide is selected for use in diluent corrections, the relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide levels must be established during the initial performance test according to the procedures and methods specified in paragraphs (t)(4)(i) through (t)(4)(iv) of this section. This relationship may be re-established during performance compliance tests.
(i) The fuel factor equation in Method 3B must be used to determine the relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide at a sampling location. Method 3A or 3B, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-
1981 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17), as applicable, must be used to determine the oxygen concentration at the same location as the carbon dioxide monitor.
(ii) Samples must be taken for at least 30 minutes in each hour.
(iii) Each sample must represent a 1-hour average.
(iv) A minimum of three runs must be performed.
(u) For facilities using a CEMS to demonstrate continuous compliance with any of the emission limits of this subpart, you must complete the following:
(1) Demonstrate compliance with the appropriate emission limit(s) using a 30-day rolling average of 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, calculated using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 of this part. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in the subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content.
(2) Operate all CEMS in accordance with the applicable procedures under appendices B and F of this part.
(v) Use of the bypass stack at any time is an emissions standards deviation for particulate matter, HCl, Pb, Cd, Hg, NOX, SO2, and dioxin/furans.
(w) For energy recovery units with a design heat input capacity of 100 MMBtu per hour or greater that do not use a carbon monoxide CEMS, you must install, operate, and maintain a oxygen analyzer system as defined in Sec. 60.2265 according to the procedures in paragraphs (w)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) The oxygen analyzer system must be installed by the initial performance test date specified in Sec. 60.2140.
(2) You must operate the oxygen trim system within compliance with paragraph (w)(3) of this section at all times.
(3) You must maintain the oxygen level such that the 30-day rolling average that is established as the operating limit for oxygen is not below the lowest hourly average oxygen concentration measured during the most recent CO performance test.
(4) You must calculate and record a 30-day rolling average oxygen concentration using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 of Appendix A-7 of this part.
(x) For energy recovery units with annual average heat input rates greater than or equal to 250 MMBtu/hour and waste-burning kilns, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a PM CPMS and record the output of the system as specified in paragraphs (x)(1) through (x)(8) of this section. For other energy recovery units, you may elect to use PM CPMS operated in accordance with this section. PM CPMS are suitable in lieu of using other CMS for monitoring PM compliance (e.g., bag leak detectors, ESP secondary power, PM scrubber pressure).
(1) Install, calibrate, operate, and maintain your PM CPMS according to the procedures in your approved site-specific monitoring plan developed in accordance with paragraphs (l) and (x)(1)(i) through (x)(1)(iii) of this section.
(i) The operating principle of the PM CPMS must be based on in-
stack or extractive light scatter, light scintillation, beta attenuation, or mass accumulation detection of the exhaust gas or representative sample. The reportable measurement output from the PM CPMS must be expressed as milliamps.
(ii) The PM CPMS must have a cycle time (i.e., period required to complete sampling, measurement, and reporting for each measurement) no longer than 60 minutes.
(iii) The PM CPMS must be capable of detecting and responding to particulate matter concentrations increments no greater than 0.5 mg/
actual cubic meter.
(2) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compliance with the PM limit, you must adjust the site-specific operating limit in accordance with the results of the performance test according to the procedures specified in Sec. 60.2110.
(3) Collect PM CPMS hourly average output data for all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours. Express the PM CPMS output as milliamps.
(4) Calculate the arithmetic 30-day rolling average of all of the hourly average PM CPMS output collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours data (milliamps or their digital equivalent).
(5) You must collect data using the PM CPMS at all times the energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln is operating and at the intervals specified in paragraph (x)(1)(ii) of this section, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments), and any scheduled maintenance as defined in your site-specific monitoring plan.
(6) You must use all the data collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours in assessing the compliance with your operating limit except:
(i) Any data collected during monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system
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malfunctions, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during monitoring system malfunctions are not used in calculations (report any such periods in your annual deviation report);
(ii) Any data collected during periods when the monitoring system is out of control as specified in your site-specific monitoring plan, repairs associated with periods when the monitoring system is out of control, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during out-of-control periods are not used in calculations (report emissions or operating levels and report any such periods in your annual deviation report);
(iii) Any PM CPMS data recorded during periods of CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart.
(7) You must record and make available upon request results of PM CPMS system performance audits, as well as the dates and duration of periods from when the PM CPMS is out of control until completion of the corrective actions necessary to return the PM CPMS to operation consistent with your site-specific monitoring plan.
(8) For any deviation of the 30-day rolling average PM CPMS average value from the established operating parameter limit, you must:
(i) Within 48 hours of the deviation, visually inspect the air pollution control device;
(ii) If inspection of the air pollution control device identifies the cause of the deviation, take corrective action as soon as possible and return the PM CPMS measurement to within the established value; and
(iii) Within 30 days of the deviation or at the time of the annual compliance test, whichever comes first, conduct a PM emissions compliance test to determine compliance with the PM emissions limit and to verify. Within 45 days of the deviation, you must re-establish the CPMS operating limit. You are not required to conduct additional testing for any deviations that occur between the time of the original deviation and the PM emissions compliance test required under this paragraph.
(iv) PM CPMS deviations leading to more than four required performance tests in a 12-month process operating period (rolling monthly) constitute a violation of this subpart.
(y) When there is an alkali bypass and/or an in-line coal mill that exhaust emissions through a separate stack(s), the combined emissions are subject to the emission limits applicable to waste-burning kilns. To determine the kiln-specific emission limit for demonstrating compliance, you must:
(1) Calculate a kiln-specific emission limit using equation 6:
GRAPHIC TIFF OMITTED TP21JA15.013
Where:
Cks = Kiln stack concentration (ppmvd, mg/dscm, ng/
dscm, depending on pollutant. Each corrected to 7% O2.)
Qab = Alkali bypass flow rate (volume/hr)
Cab = Alkali bypass concentration (ppmvd, mg/dscm, ng/dscm, depending on pollutant. Each corrected to 7% O2.)
Qcm = In-line coal mill flow rate (volume/hr)
Ccm = In-line coal mill concentration (ppmvd, mg/
dscm, ng/dscm, depending on pollutant. Each corrected to 7% O2.)
Qks = Kiln stack flow rate (volume/hr)
(2) Particulate matter concentration must be measured downstream of the in-line coal mill. All other pollutant concentrations must be measured either upstream or downstream of the in-line coal mill.
Sec. 60.2150 By what date must I conduct the annual performance test?
You must conduct annual performance tests between 11 and 13 months of the previous performance test.
Sec. 60.2151 By what date must I conduct the annual air pollution control device inspection?
On an annual basis (no more than 12 months following the previous annual air pollution control device inspection), you must complete the air pollution control device inspection as described in Sec. 60.2141.
Sec. 60.2155 May I conduct performance testing less often?
(a) You must conduct annual performance tests according to the schedule specified in Sec. 60.2150, with the following exceptions:
(1) You may conduct a repeat performance test at any time to establish new values for the operating limits to apply from that point forward, as specified in Sec. 60.2160. The Administrator may request a repeat performance test at any time.
(2) You must repeat the performance test within 60 days of a process change, as defined in Sec. 60.2265.
(3) If the initial or any subsequent performance test for any pollutant in table 1 or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart, as applicable, demonstrates that the emission level for the pollutant is no greater than the emission level specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) or (a)(3)(ii) of this section, as applicable, and you are not required to conduct a performance test for the pollutant in response to a request by the Administrator in paragraph (a)(1) of this section or a process change in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, you may elect to skip conducting a performance test for the pollutant for the next 2 years. You must conduct a performance test for the pollutant during the third year and no more than 37 months following the previous performance test for the pollutant. For cadmium and lead, both cadmium and lead must be emitted at emission levels no greater than their respective emission levels specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section for you to qualify for less frequent testing under this paragraph.
(i) For particulate matter, hydrogen chloride, mercury, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, cadmium, lead and dioxins/furans, the emission level equal to 75 percent of the applicable emission limit in table 1 or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart, as applicable, to this subpart.
(ii) For fugitive emissions, visible emissions (of combustion ash from the ash conveying system) for 2 percent of the time during each of the three 1-hour observations periods.
(4) If you are conducting less frequent testing for a pollutant as provided in paragraph (a)(3) of this section and a subsequent performance test for the pollutant indicates that your CISWI unit does not meet the emission level specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) or (a)(3)(ii) of this section, as applicable, you must conduct annual performance tests for the pollutant according to the schedule specified in paragraph (a) of this section until you qualify for less frequent testing for the pollutant as specified in paragraph (a)(3) of this section.
(b) Reserved
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Sec. 60.2160 May I conduct a repeat performance test to establish new operating limits?
(a) Yes. You may conduct a repeat performance test at any time to establish new values for the operating limits. The Administrator may request a repeat performance test at any time.
(b) You must repeat the performance test if your feed stream is different than the feed streams used during any performance test used to demonstrate compliance.
Monitoring
Sec. 60.2165 What monitoring equipment must I install and what parameters must I monitor?
(a) If you are using a wet scrubber to comply with the emission limitation under Sec. 60.2105, you must install, calibrate (to manufacturers' specifications), maintain, and operate devices (or establish methods) for monitoring the value of the operating parameters used to determine compliance with the operating limits listed in table 2 of this subpart. These devices (or methods) must measure and record the values for these operating parameters at the frequencies indicated in table 2 of this subpart at all times except as specified in Sec. 60.2170(a).
(b) If you use a fabric filter to comply with the requirements of this subpart, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate a bag leak detection system as specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (8) of this section.
(1) You must install and operate a bag leak detection system for each exhaust stack of the fabric filter.
(2) Each bag leak detection system must be installed, operated, calibrated, and maintained in a manner consistent with the manufacturer's written specifications and recommendations.
(3) The bag leak detection system must be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matter emissions at concentrations of 10 milligrams per actual cubic meter or less.
(4) The bag leak detection system sensor must provide output of relative or absolute particulate matter loadings.
(5) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with a device to continuously record the output signal from the sensor.
(6) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with an alarm system that will alert automatically an operator when an increase in relative particulate matter emissions over a preset level is detected. The alarm must be located where it is observed easily by plant operating personnel.
(7) For positive pressure fabric filter systems, a bag leak detection system must be installed in each baghouse compartment or cell. For negative pressure or induced air fabric filters, the bag leak detector must be installed downstream of the fabric filter.
(8) Where multiple detectors are required, the system's instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detectors.
(c) If you are using something other than a wet scrubber, activated carbon, selective non-catalytic reduction, an electrostatic precipitator, or a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations under Sec. 60.2105, you must install, calibrate (to the manufacturers' specifications), maintain, and operate the equipment necessary to monitor compliance with the site-specific operating limits established using the procedures in Sec. 60.2115.
(d) If you use activated carbon injection to comply with the emission limitations in this subpart, you must measure the minimum mercury sorbent flow rate once per hour.
(e) If you use selective noncatalytic reduction to comply with the emission limitations, you must complete the following:
(1) Following the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under Sec. 60.2125, whichever date comes first, ensure that the affected facility does not operate above the maximum charge rate, or below the minimum secondary chamber temperature (if applicable to your CISWI unit) or the minimum reagent flow rate measured as 3-hour block averages at all times.
(2) Operation of the affected facility above the maximum charge rate, below the minimum secondary chamber temperature and below the minimum reagent flow rate simultaneously constitute a violation of the nitrogen oxides emissions limit.
(f) If you use an electrostatic precipitator to comply with the emission limits of this subpart, you must monitor the secondary power to the electrostatic precipitator collection plates and maintain the 3-
hour block averages at or above the operating limits established during the mercury or particulate matter performance test.
(g) For waste-burning kilns not equipped with a wet scrubber or dry scrubber, in place of hydrogen chloride testing with EPA Method 321 at 40 CFR part 63, appendix A, an owner or operator must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS for monitoring hydrogen chloride emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. To demonstrate continuous compliance with the hydrogen chloride emissions limit for units other than waste-burning kilns not equipped with a wet scrubber or dry scrubber, a facility may substitute use of a hydrogen chloride CEMS for conducting the hydrogen chloride annual performance test, monitoring the minimum hydrogen chloride sorbent flow rate, monitoring the minimum scrubber liquor pH, and monitoring minimum injection rate.
(h) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the particulate matter emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a particulate matter CEMS for conducting the PM annual performance test and using other CMS for monitoring PM compliance (e.g., bag leak detectors, ESP secondary power, PM scrubber pressure).
(i) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the dioxin/furan emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the dioxin/furan annual performance test. You must record the output of the system and analyze the sample according to EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 of this part. This option to use a continuous automated sampling system takes effect on the date a final performance specification applicable to dioxin/furan from continuous monitors is published in the Federal Register. The owner or operator who elects to continuously sample dioxin/furan emissions instead of sampling and testing using EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous automated sampling system and must comply with the requirements specified in Sec. 60.58b(p) and (q). A facility may substitute continuous dioxin/furan monitoring for the minimum sorbent flow rate, if activated carbon sorbent injection is used solely for compliance with the dioxin/furan emission limit.
(j) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the mercury emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the mercury annual performance test. You must record the output of the system and analyze the sample at set intervals using any suitable determinative technique that can meet performance specification 12B. The owner or operator who elects to continuously sample mercury emissions instead of sampling and testing using EPA Reference Method 29 or 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8 of this part, ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008) (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17), or an approved alternative method for measuring mercury emissions, must
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install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a continuous automated sampling system and must comply with performance specification 12A and quality assurance procedure 5, as well as the requirements specified in Sec. 60.58b(p) and (q). A facility may substitute continuous mercury monitoring for the minimum sorbent flow rate, if activated carbon sorbent injection is used solely for compliance with the mercury emission limit.
(k) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the nitrogen oxides emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a CEMS for the nitrogen oxides annual performance test to demonstrate compliance with the nitrogen oxides emissions limits and monitoring the charge rate, secondary chamber temperature, and reagent flow for selective noncatalytic reduction, if applicable.
(1) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS for measuring nitrogen oxides emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The requirements under performance specification 2 of appendix B of this part, the quality assurance procedure one of appendix F of this part and the procedures under Sec. 60.13 must be followed for installation, evaluation, and operation of the CEMS.
(2) Following the date that the initial performance test for nitrogen oxides is completed or is required to be completed under Sec. 60.2125, compliance with the emission limit for nitrogen oxides required under Sec. 60.52b(d) must be determined based on the 30-day rolling average of the hourly emission concentrations using CEMS outlet data. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be expressed in parts per million by volume corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and used to calculate the 30-day rolling average concentrations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under Sec. 60.13(e)(2).
(l) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the sulfur dioxide emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the sulfur dioxide annual performance test to demonstrate compliance with the sulfur dioxide emissions limits.
(1) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS for measuring sulfur dioxide emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The requirements under performance specification 2 of appendix B of this part, the quality assurance requirements of procedure one of appendix F of this part and procedures under Sec. 60.13 must be followed for installation, evaluation, and operation of the CEMS.
(2) Following the date that the initial performance test for sulfur dioxide is completed or is required to be completed under Sec. 60.2125, compliance with the sulfur dioxide emission limit may be determined based on the 30-day rolling average of the hourly arithmetic average emission concentrations using CEMS outlet data. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be expressed in parts per million corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and used to calculate the 30-day rolling average emission concentrations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under Sec. 60.13(e)(2).
(m) For energy recovery units over 10 MMBtu/hr but less than 250 MMBtu/hr annual average heat input rates that do not use a wet scrubber, fabric filter with bag leak detection system, or particulate matter CEMS, you must install, operate, certify, and maintain a continuous opacity monitoring system according to the procedures in paragraphs (m)(1) through (5) of this section by the compliance date specified in Sec. 60.2105. Energy recovery units that use a CEMS to demonstrate initial and continuing compliance according to the procedures in Sec. 60.2165(n) are not required to install a continuous opacity monitoring system and must perform the annual performance tests for the opacity consistent with Sec. 60.2145(f).
(1) Install, operate, and maintain each continuous opacity monitoring system according to performance specification 1 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B.
(2) Conduct a performance evaluation of each continuous opacity monitoring system according to the requirements in Sec. 60.13 and according to PS-1 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B.
(3) As specified in Sec. 60.13(e)(1), each continuous opacity monitoring system must complete a minimum of one cycle of sampling and analyzing for each successive 10-second period and one cycle of data recording for each successive 6-minute period.
(4) Reduce the continuous opacity monitoring system data as specified in Sec. 60.13(h)(1).
(5) Determine and record all the 6-minute averages (and 1-hour block averages as applicable) collected.
(n) For coal and liquid/gas energy recovery units, incinerators, and small remote incinerators, an owner or operator may elect to install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS for monitoring particulate matter emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The owner or operator of an affected facility who continuously monitors particulate matter emissions instead of conducting performance testing using EPA Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 or, as applicable, monitor with a particulate matter CPMS according to paragraph (r) of this section, must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS and must comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (n)(1) through (13) of this section.
(1) Notify the Administrator 1 month before starting use of the system.
(2) Notify the Administrator 1 month before stopping use of the system.
(3) The monitor must be installed, evaluated, and operated in accordance with the requirements of performance specification 11 of appendix B of this part and quality assurance requirements of procedure two of appendix F of this part and Sec. 60.13. Use Method 5 or Method 5I of Appendix A of this part for the PM CEMS correlation testing.
(4) The initial performance evaluation must be completed no later than 180 days after the date of initial startup of the affected facility, as specified under Sec. 60.2125 or within 180 days of notification to the Administrator of use of the continuous monitoring system if the owner or operator was previously determining compliance by Method 5 performance tests, whichever is later.
(5) The owner or operator of an affected facility may request that compliance with the particulate matter emission limit be determined using carbon dioxide measurements corrected to an equivalent of 7 percent oxygen. The relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide levels for the affected facility must be established according to the procedures and methods specified in Sec. 60.2145(s)(5)(i) through (s)(5)(iv).
(6) The owner or operator of an affected facility must conduct an initial performance test for particulate matter emissions as required under Sec. 60.2125. Compliance with the particulate matter emission limit, if PM CEMS are elected for demonstrating compliance, must be determined by using the CEMS specified in this paragraph (n) to measure particulate matter. You must calculate a 30-day rolling average of 1-
hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA
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Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7.
(7) Compliance with the particulate matter emission limit must be determined based on the 30-day rolling average calculated using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 from the 1-hour arithmetic average CEMS outlet data.
(8) At a minimum, valid continuous monitoring system hourly averages must be obtained as specified in Sec. 60.2170(e).
(9) The 1-hour arithmetic averages required under paragraph (n)(7) of this section must be expressed in milligrams per dry standard cubic meter corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and must be used to calculate the 30-day rolling average emission concentrations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under Sec. 60.13(e)(2).
(10) All valid CEMS data must be used in calculating average emission concentrations even if the minimum CEMS data requirements of paragraph (n)(8) of this section are not met.
(11) The CEMS must be operated according to performance specification 11 in appendix B of this part.
(12) During each relative accuracy test run of the CEMS required by performance specification 11 in appendix B of this part, particulate matter and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) data must be collected concurrently (or within a 30- to 60-minute period) by both the CEMS and the following test methods.
(i) For particulate matter, EPA Reference Method 5 must be used.
(ii) For oxygen (or carbon dioxide), EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B, as applicable, must be used.
(13) Quarterly accuracy determinations and daily calibration drift tests must be performed in accordance with procedure 2 in appendix F of this part.
(o) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the carbon monoxide emissions limit, you may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the carbon monoxide annual performance test.
(1) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS for measuring carbon monoxide emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The requirements under performance specification 4B of appendix B of this part, the quality assurance procedure 1 of appendix F of this part and the procedures under Sec. 60.13 must be followed for installation, evaluation, and operation of the CEMS.
(2) Following the date that the initial performance test for carbon monoxide is completed or is required to be completed under Sec. 60.2140, compliance with the carbon monoxide emission limit may be determined based on the 30-day rolling average of the hourly arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, using CEMS outlet data. Except for CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, the 1-hour arithmetic averages must be expressed in parts per million corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and used to calculate the 30-
day rolling average emission concentrations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under Sec. 60.13(e)(2).
(p) The owner/operator of an affected source with a bypass stack shall install, calibrate (to manufacturers' specifications), maintain, and operate a device or method for measuring the use of the bypass stack including date, time and duration.
(q) For energy recovery units with a design heat input capacity of 100 MMBtu per hour or greater that do not use a carbon monoxide CEMS, you must install, operate, and maintain a oxygen analyzer system as defined in Sec. 60.2265 according to the procedures in paragraphs (q)(1) through (q)(4) of this section.
(1) The oxygen analyzer system must be installed by the initial performance test date specified in Sec. 60.2140.
(2) You must operate the oxygen trim system within compliance with paragraph (q)(3) of this section at all times.
(3) You must maintain the oxygen level such that the 30-day rolling average that is established as the operating limit for oxygen according to paragraph (q)(4) of this section is not below the lowest hourly average oxygen concentration measured during the most recent CO performance test.
(4) You must calculate and record a 30-day rolling average oxygen concentration using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 of Appendix A-7 of this part.
(r) For energy recovery units with annual average heat input rates greater than or equal to 250 MMBtu/hour and waste-burning kilns, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a PM CPMS and record the output of the system as specified in paragraphs (r)(1) through (8) of this section. If you elect to use a particulate matter CEMS as specified in paragraph (n) of this section, you are not required to use a PM CPMS to monitor particulate matter emissions. For other energy recovery units, you may elect to use PM CPMS operated in accordance with this section. PM CPMS are suitable in lieu of using other CMS for monitoring PM compliance (e.g., bag leak detectors, ESP secondary power, PM scrubber pressure).
(1) Install, calibrate, operate, and maintain your PM CPMS according to the procedures in your approved site-specific monitoring plan developed in accordance with Sec. 60.2145(l) and (r)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) The operating principle of the PM CPMS must be based on in-
stack or extractive light scatter, light scintillation, beta attenuation, or mass accumulation detection of PM in the exhaust gas or representative sample. The reportable measurement output from the PM CPMS must be expressed as milliamps or a digital signal equivalent.
(ii) The PM CPMS must have a cycle time (i.e., period required to complete sampling, measurement, and reporting for each measurement) no longer than 60 minutes.
(iii) The PM CPMS must be capable of detecting and responding to particulate matter concentration increments no greater than 0.5 mg/
actual cubic meter.
(2) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compliance with the PM limit, you must adjust the site-specific operating limit in accordance with the results of the performance test according to the procedures specified in Sec. 60.2110.
(3) Collect PM CPMS hourly average output data for all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours. Express the PM CPMS output as milliamps or the digital signal equivalent.
(4) Calculate the arithmetic 30-day rolling average of all of the hourly average PM CPMS output collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours data (milliamps or digital bits).
(5) You must collect data using the PM CPMS at all times the energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln is operating and at the intervals specified in paragraph (r)(1)(ii) of this section, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, required monitoring system quality
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assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments), and any scheduled maintenance as defined in your site-specific monitoring plan.
(6) You must use all the data collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours in assessing the compliance with your operating limit except:
(i) Any data collected during monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during monitoring system malfunctions are not used in calculations (report any such periods in your annual deviation report);
(ii) Any data collected during periods when the monitoring system is out of control as specified in your site-specific monitoring plan, repairs associated with periods when the monitoring system is out of control, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during out-of-control periods are not used in calculations (report emissions or operating levels and report any such periods in your annual deviation report);
(iii) Any PM CPMS data recorded during periods of CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart.
(7) You must record and make available upon request results of PM CPMS system performance audits, as well as the dates and duration of periods from when the PM CPMS is out of control until completion of the corrective actions necessary to return the PM CPMS to operation consistent with your site-specific monitoring plan.
(8) For any deviation of the 30-day rolling average PM CPMS average value from the established operating parameter limit, you must:
(i) Within 48 hours of the deviation, visually inspect the air pollution control device;
(ii) If inspection of the air pollution control device identifies the cause of the deviation, take corrective action as soon as possible and return the PM CPMS measurement to within the established value; and
(iii) Within 30 days of the deviation or at the time of the annual compliance test, whichever comes first, conduct a PM emissions compliance test to determine compliance with the PM emissions limit and to verify the operation of the control device(s). Within 45 days of the deviation, you must re-establish the CPMS operating limit. You are not required to conduct additional testing for any deviations that occur between the time of the original deviation and the PM emissions compliance test required under this paragraph.
(iv) PM CPMS deviations leading to more than four required performance tests in a 12-month process operating period (rolling monthly) constitute a violation of this subpart.
(s) If you use a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limits of this subpart, you must monitor the injection rate of each sorbent and maintain the 3-hour block averages at or above the operating limits established during the hydrogen chloride performance test.
Sec. 60.2170 Is there a minimum amount of monitoring data I must obtain?
For each continuous monitoring system required or optionally allowed under Sec. 60.2165, you must collect data according to this section:
(a) You must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times compliance is required except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-
control periods (as specified in 60.2210(o) of this part), and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments). A monitoring system malfunction is any sudden, infrequent, not reasonably preventable failure of the monitoring system to provide valid data. Monitoring system failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions. You are required to effect monitoring system repairs in response to monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods and to return the monitoring system to operation as expeditiously as practicable.
(b) You may not use data recorded during monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods, or required monitoring system quality assurance or control activities in calculations used to report emissions or operating levels. You must use all the data collected during all other periods, including data normalized for above scale readings, in assessing the operation of the control device and associated control system.
(c) Except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-
control periods, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments, failure to collect required data is a deviation of the monitoring requirements.
Recordkeeping and Reporting
Sec. 60.2175 What records must I keep?
You must maintain the items (as applicable) as specified in paragraphs (a), (b), and (e) through (x) of this section for a period of at least 5 years:
(a) Calendar date of each record.
(b) Records of the data described in paragraphs (b)(1) through (6) of this section:
(1) The CISWI unit charge dates, times, weights, and hourly charge rates.
(2) Liquor flow rate to the wet scrubber inlet every 15 minutes of operation, as applicable.
(3) Pressure drop across the wet scrubber system every 15 minutes of operation or amperage to the wet scrubber every 15 minutes of operation, as applicable.
(4) Liquor pH as introduced to the wet scrubber every 15 minutes of operation, as applicable.
(5) For affected CISWI units that establish operating limits for controls other than wet scrubbers under Sec. 60.2110(d) through (g) or Sec. 60.2115, you must maintain data collected for all operating parameters used to determine compliance with the operating limits. For energy recovery units using activated carbon injection or a dry scrubber, you must also maintain records of the load fraction and corresponding sorbent injection rate records.
(6) If a fabric filter is used to comply with the emission limitations, you must record the date, time, and duration of each alarm and the time corrective action was initiated and completed, and a brief description of the cause of the alarm and the corrective action taken. You must also record the percent of operating time during each 6-month period that the alarm sounds, calculated as specified in Sec. 60.2110(c).
(c)-(d) Reserved
(e) Identification of calendar dates and times for which data show a deviation from the operating limits in table 2 of this subpart or a deviation from other operating limits established under Sec. 60.2110(d) through (g) or Sec. 60.2115 with a description of the deviations, reasons for such deviations, and a description of corrective actions taken.
(f) The results of the initial, annual, and any subsequent performance tests
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conducted to determine compliance with the emission limits and/or to establish operating limits, as applicable. Retain a copy of the complete test report including calculations.
(g) All documentation produced as a result of the siting requirements of Sec. Sec. 60.2045 and 60.2050.
(h) Records showing the names of CISWI unit operators who have completed review of the information in Sec. 60.2095(a) as required by Sec. 60.2095(b), including the date of the initial review and all subsequent annual reviews.
(i) Records showing the names of the CISWI operators who have completed the operator training requirements under Sec. 60.2070, met the criteria for qualification under Sec. 60.2080, and maintained or renewed their qualification under Sec. 60.2085 or Sec. 60.2090. Records must include documentation of training, the dates of the initial and refresher training, and the dates of their qualification and all subsequent renewals of such qualifications.
(j) For each qualified operator, the phone and/or pager number at which they can be reached during operating hours.
(k) Records of calibration of any monitoring devices as required under Sec. 60.2165.
(l) Equipment vendor specifications and related operation and maintenance requirements for the incinerator, emission controls, and monitoring equipment.
(m) The information listed in Sec. 60.2095(a).
(n) On a daily basis, keep a log of the quantity of waste burned and the types of waste burned (always required).
(o) Maintain records of the annual air pollution control device inspections that are required for each CISWI unit subject to the emissions limits in table 1 of this subpart or tables 5 through 8 of this subpart, any required maintenance, and any repairs not completed within 10 days of an inspection or the timeframe established by the state regulatory agency.
(p) For continuously monitored pollutants or parameters, you must document and keep a record of the following parameters measured using continuous monitoring systems.
(1) All 6-minute average levels of opacity.
(2) All 1-hour average concentrations of sulfur dioxide emissions.
(3) All 1-hour average concentrations of nitrogen oxides emissions.
(4) All 1-hour average concentrations of carbon monoxide emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown.
(5) All 1-hour average concentrations of particulate matter emissions.
(6) All 1-hour average concentrations of mercury emissions.
(7) All 1-hour average concentrations of hydrogen chloride emissions.
(8) All 1-hour average percent oxygen concentrations.
(9) All 1-hour average PM CPMS readings or particulate matter CEMS outputs.
(q) Records indicating use of the bypass stack, including dates, times, and durations.
(r) If you choose to stack test less frequently than annually, consistent with Sec. 60.2155(a) through (c), you must keep annual records that document that your emissions in the previous stack test(s) were less than 75 percent of the applicable emission limit and document that there was no change in source operations including fuel composition and operation of air pollution control equipment that would cause emissions of the relevant pollutant to increase within the past year.
(s) Records of the occurrence and duration of each malfunction of operation (i.e., process equipment) or the air pollution control and monitoring equipment.
(t) Records of all required maintenance performed on the air pollution control and monitoring equipment.
(u) Records of actions taken during periods of malfunction to minimize emissions in accordance with Sec. 60.11(d), including corrective actions to restore malfunctioning process and air pollution control and monitoring equipment to its normal or usual manner of operation.
(v) For operating units that combust non-hazardous secondary materials that have been determined not to be solid waste pursuant to Sec. 241.3(b)(1) of this chapter, you must keep a record which documents how the secondary material meets each of the legitimacy criteria under Sec. 241.3(d)(1). If you combust a fuel that has been processed from a discarded non-hazardous secondary material pursuant to Sec. 241.3(b)(4) of this chapter, you must keep records as to how the operations that produced the fuel satisfies the definition of processing in Sec. 241.2 and each of the legitimacy criteria of Sec. 241.3(d)(1) of this chapter. If the fuel received a non-waste determination pursuant to the petition process submitted under Sec. 241.3(c) of this chapter, you must keep a record that documents how the fuel satisfies the requirements of the petition process. For operating units that combust non-hazardous secondary materials as fuel per Sec. 241.4, you must keep records documenting that the material is a listed non-waste under Sec. 241.4(a).
(w) Records of the criteria used to establish that the unit qualifies as a small power production facility under section 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(17)(C)) and that the waste material the unit is proposed to burn is homogeneous.
(x) Records of the criteria used to establish that the unit qualifies as a cogeneration facility under section 3(18)(B) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(18)(B)) and that the waste material the unit is proposed to burn is homogeneous.
Sec. 60.2180 Where and in what format must I keep my records?
All records must be available onsite in either paper copy or computer-readable format that can be printed upon request, unless an alternative format is approved by the Administrator.
Sec. 60.2185 What reports must I submit?
See table 4 of this subpart for a summary of the reporting requirements.
Sec. 60.2190 What must I submit prior to commencing construction?
You must submit a notification prior to commencing construction that includes the five items listed in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section.
(a) A statement of intent to construct.
(b) The anticipated date of commencement of construction.
(c) All documentation produced as a result of the siting requirements of Sec. 60.2050.
(d) The waste management plan as specified in Sec. Sec. 60.2055 through 60.2065.
(e) Anticipated date of initial startup.
Sec. 60.2195 What information must I submit prior to initial startup?
You must submit the information specified in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section prior to initial startup.
(a) The type(s) of waste to be burned.
(b) The maximum design waste burning capacity.
(c) The anticipated maximum charge rate.
(d) If applicable, the petition for site-specific operating limits under Sec. 60.2115.
(e) The anticipated date of initial startup.
Sec. 60.2200 What information must I submit following my initial performance test?
You must submit the information specified in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section no later than 60 days following the initial performance test. All reports must be signed by the facilities manager.
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(a) The complete test report for the initial performance test results obtained under Sec. 60.2135, as applicable.
(b) The values for the site-specific operating limits established in Sec. 60.2110 or Sec. 60.2115.
(c) If you are using a fabric filter to comply with the emission limitations, documentation that a bag leak detection system has been installed and is being operated, calibrated, and maintained as required by Sec. 60.2165(b).
Sec. 60.2205 When must I submit my annual report?
You must submit an annual report no later than 12 months following the submission of the information in Sec. 60.2200. You must submit subsequent reports no more than 12 months following the previous report. (If the unit is subject to permitting requirements under title V of the Clean Air Act, you may be required by the permit to submit these reports more frequently.)
Sec. 60.2210 What information must I include in my annual report?
The annual report required under Sec. 60.2205 must include the ten items listed in paragraphs (a) through (j) of this section. If you have a deviation from the operating limits or the emission limitations, you must also submit deviation reports as specified in Sec. Sec. 60.2215, 60.2220, and 60.2225.
(a) Company name and address.
(b) Statement by a responsible official, with that official's name, title, and signature, certifying the accuracy of the content of the report.
(c) Date of report and beginning and ending dates of the reporting period.
(d) The values for the operating limits established pursuant to Sec. 60.2110 or Sec. 60.2115.
(e) If no deviation from any emission limitation or operating limit that applies to you has been reported, a statement that there was no deviation from the emission limitations or operating limits during the reporting period.
(f) The highest recorded 3-hour average and the lowest recorded 3-
hour average, as applicable, for each operating parameter recorded for the calendar year being reported.
(g) Information recorded under Sec. 60.2175(b)(6) and (c) through (e) for the calendar year being reported.
(h) For each performance test conducted during the reporting period, if any performance test is conducted, the process unit(s) tested, the pollutant(s) tested and the date that such performance test was conducted. Submit, following the procedure specified in Sec. 60.2235(b)(i), the performance test report no later than the date that you submit the annual report.
(i) If you met the requirements of Sec. 60.2155(a) or (b), and did not conduct a performance test during the reporting period, you must state that you met the requirements of Sec. 60.2155(a) or (b), and, therefore, you were not required to conduct a performance test during the reporting period.
(j) Documentation of periods when all qualified CISWI unit operators were unavailable for more than 8 hours, but less than 2 weeks.
(k) If you had a malfunction during the reporting period, the compliance report must include the number, duration, and a brief description for each type of malfunction that occurred during the reporting period and that caused or may have caused any applicable emission limitation to be exceeded. The report must also include a description of actions taken by an owner or operator during a malfunction of an affected source to minimize emissions in accordance with Sec. 60.11(d), including actions taken to correct a malfunction.
(l) For each deviation from an emission or operating limitation that occurs for a CISWI unit for which you are not using a continuous monitoring system to comply with the emission or operating limitations in this subpart, the annual report must contain the following information.
(1) The total operating time of the CISWI unit at which the deviation occurred during the reporting period.
(2) Information on the number, duration, and cause of deviations (including unknown cause, if applicable), as applicable, and the corrective action taken.
(m) If there were periods during which the continuous monitoring system, including the CEMS, was out of control as specified in paragraph (o) of this section, the annual report must contain the following information for each deviation from an emission or operating limitation occurring for a CISWI unit for which you are using a continuous monitoring system to comply with the emission and operating limitations in this subpart.
(1) The date and time that each malfunction started and stopped.
(2) The date, time, and duration that each CMS was inoperative, except for zero (low-level) and high-level checks.
(3) The date, time, and duration that each continuous monitoring system was out-of-control, including start and end dates and hours and descriptions of corrective actions taken.
(4) The date and time that each deviation started and stopped, and whether each deviation occurred during a period of malfunction or during another period.
(5) A summary of the total duration of the deviation during the reporting period, and the total duration as a percent of the total source operating time during that reporting period.
(6) A breakdown of the total duration of the deviations during the reporting period into those that are due to control equipment problems, process problems, other known causes, and other unknown causes.
(7) A summary of the total duration of continuous monitoring system downtime during the reporting period, and the total duration of continuous monitoring system downtime as a percent of the total operating time of the CISWI unit at which the continuous monitoring system downtime occurred during that reporting period.
(8) An identification of each parameter and pollutant that was monitored at the CISWI unit.
(9) A brief description of the CISWI unit.
(10) A brief description of the continuous monitoring system.
(11) The date of the latest continuous monitoring system certification or audit.
(12) A description of any changes in continuous monitoring system, processes, or controls since the last reporting period.
(n) If there were periods during which the continuous monitoring system, including the CEMS, was not out of control as specified in paragraph (o) of this section, a statement that there were not periods during which the continuous monitoring system was out of control during the reporting period.
(o) A continuous monitoring system is out of control in accordance with the procedure in 40 CFR part 60, appendix F of this part, as if any of the following occur.
(1) The zero (low-level), mid-level (if applicable), or high-level calibration drift exceeds two times the applicable calibration drift specification in the applicable performance specification or in the relevant standard.
(2) The continuous monitoring system fails a performance test audit (e.g., cylinder gas audit), relative accuracy audit, relative accuracy test audit, or linearity test audit.
(3) The continuous opacity monitoring system calibration drift exceeds two times the limit in the applicable performance specification in the relevant standard.
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Sec. 60.2215 What else must I report if I have a deviation from the operating limits or the emission limitations?
(a) You must submit a deviation report if any recorded 3-hour average parameter level is above the maximum operating limit or below the minimum operating limit established under this subpart, if the bag leak detection system alarm sounds for more than 5 percent of the operating time for the 6-month reporting period, or if a performance test was conducted that deviated from any emission limitation.
(b) The deviation report must be submitted by August 1 of that year for data collected during the first half of the calendar year (January 1 to June 30), and by February 1 of the following year for data you collected during the second half of the calendar year (July 1 to December 31).
Sec. 60.2220 What must I include in the deviation report?
In each report required under Sec. 60.2215, for any pollutant or parameter that deviated from the emission limitations or operating limits specified in this subpart, include the six items described in paragraphs (a) through (f) of this section.
(a) The calendar dates and times your unit deviated from the emission limitations or operating limit requirements.
(b) The averaged and recorded data for those dates.
(c) Durations and causes of the following:
(1) Each deviation from emission limitations or operating limits and your corrective actions.
(2) Bypass events and your corrective actions.
(d) A copy of the operating limit monitoring data during each deviation and for any test report that documents the emission levels the process unit(s) tested, the pollutant(s) tested and the date that the performance test was conducted. Submit, following the procedure specified in Sec. 60.2235(b)(i), the performance test report no later than the date that you submit the deviation report.
Sec. 60.2225 What else must I report if I have a deviation from the requirement to have a qualified operator accessible?
(a) If all qualified operators are not accessible for 2 weeks or more, you must take the two actions in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) Submit a notification of the deviation within 10 days that includes the three items in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) A statement of what caused the deviation.
(ii) A description of what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible.
(iii) The date when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be available.
(2) Submit a status report to the Administrator every 4 weeks that includes the three items in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) A description of what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible.
(ii) The date when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be accessible.
(iii) Request approval from the Administrator to continue operation of the CISWI unit.
(b) If your unit was shut down by the Administrator, under the provisions of Sec. 60.2100(b)(2), due to a failure to provide an accessible qualified operator, you must notify the Administrator that you are resuming operation once a qualified operator is accessible.
Sec. 60.2230 Are there any other notifications or reports that I must submit?
(a) Yes. You must submit notifications as provided by Sec. 60.7.
(b) If you cease combusting solid waste but continue to operate, you must provide 30 days prior notice of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch, consistent with 60.2145(a). The notification must identify:
(1) The name of the owner or operator of the CISWI unit, the location of the source, the emissions unit(s) that will cease burning solid waste, and the date of the notice;
(2) The currently applicable subcategory under this subpart, and any 40 CFR part 63 subpart and subcategory that will be applicable after you cease combusting solid waste;
(3) The fuel(s), non-waste material(s) and solid waste(s) the CISWI unit is currently combusting and has combusted over the past 6 months, and the fuel(s) or non-waste materials the unit will commence combusting;
(4) The date on which you became subject to the currently applicable emission limits;
(5) The date upon which you will cease combusting solid waste, and the date (if different) that you intend for any new requirements to become applicable (i.e., the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch), consistent with paragraphs (b)(2) and (3) of this section.
Sec. 60.2235 In what form can I submit my reports?
(a) Submit initial, annual and deviation reports electronically on or before the submittal due dates. Submit the reports to the EPA via the Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI). (CEDRI can be accessed through the EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX) (http://cdx.epa.gov/epa_home.asp).) Use the appropriate electronic report in CEDRI for this subpart. Instead of using the electronic report in CEDRI for this subpart, you may submit an alternate electronic file format consistent with the extensible markup language (XML) schema listed on the CEDRI Web site (http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/cedri/index.html), once the XML schema is available. If the reporting form specific to this subpart is not available in CEDRI at the time that the report is due, submit the report to the Administrator at the appropriate address listed in Sec. 60.4. Begin submitting reports via CEDRI no later than 90 days after the form becomes available in CEDRI. The reports must be submitted by the deadlines specified in this subpart, regardless of the method in which the report is submitted.
(b) Submit results of each performance test and CEMS performance evaluation required by this subpart as follows.
(1) Within 60 days after the date of completing each performance test (see Sec. 60.8), submit the results of the performance test following the procedure specified in either paragraph (b)(1)(i) or (b)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) For data collected using test methods supported by the EPA's Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) as listed on the EPA's ERT Web site (http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ert/index.html) at the time of the test, submit the results of the performance test to the EPA via the CEDRI. (CEDRI can be accessed through the EPA's CDX.) Performance test data must be submitted in a file format generated through the use of the EPA's ERT. Instead of submitting performance test data in a file format generated through the use of the EPA's ERT, you may submit an alternate electronic file format consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT Web site, once the XML schema is available. If you claim that some of the performance test information being submitted is confidential business information (CBI), submit a complete file generated through the use of the EPA's ERT (or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT Web site once the XML schema is available), including information claimed to be CBI, on a compact disc, flash drive, or other commonly used electronic storage media to the EPA. The electronic media must be clearly marked as CBI and mailed to U.S. EPA/OAPQS/CORE CBI Office, Attention: Group
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Leader, Measurement Policy Group, MD C404-02, 4930 Old Page Road, Durham, NC 27703. The same ERT or alternate file with the CBI omitted must be submitted to the EPA via the EPA's CDX as described earlier in this paragraph.
(ii) For data collected using test methods that are not supported by the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT Web site at the time of the test, submit the results of the performance test to the Administrator at the appropriate address listed in Sec. 60.4.
(2) Within 60 days after the date of completing each CEMS performance evaluation, submit the results of the performance evaluation following the procedure specified in either paragraph (b)(2)(i) or (b)(2)(ii) of this section.
(i) For performance evaluations of continuous monitoring systems measuring relative accuracy test audit (RATA) pollutants that are supported by the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT Web site at the time of the test, submit the results of the performance evaluation to the EPA via the CEDRI. (CEDRI can be accessed through the EPA's CDX.) Performance evaluation data must be submitted in a file format generated through the use of the EPA's ERT. Instead of submitting performance evaluation data in a file format generated through the use of the EPA's ERT, you may submit an alternate electronic file format consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT Web site, once the XML schema is available. If you claim that some of the performance evaluation information being submitted is CBI, submit a complete file generated through the use of the EPA's ERT (or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT Web site once the XML schema is available), including information claimed to be CBI, on a compact disc, flash drive, or other commonly used electronic storage media to the EPA. The electronic media must be clearly marked as CBI and mailed to U.S. EPA/OAQPS/CORE CBI Office, Attention: Group Leader, Measurement Policy Group, MD C404-02, 4930 Old Page Road, Durham, NC 27703. The same ERT or alternate file with the CBI omitted must be submitted to the EPA via the EPA's CDX as described earlier in this paragraph.
(ii) For any performance evaluations of continuous monitoring systems measuring RATA pollutants that are not supported by the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT Web site at the time of the test, submit the results of the performance evaluation to the Administrator at the appropriate address listed in Sec. 60.4.
(c) All information required in this subpart to be submitted to the EPA must also be submitted in paper format to the appropriate state, local or tribal agency whenever authority has been delegated to such agency (the delegated authority) unless the delegated authority specifies another format. Information submitted in paper format must be postmarked no later than the date that the report is required to be submitted to the EPA's CDX electronically. Any information required to be submitted electronically to the EPA's CDX may, at the discretion of the delegated authority, satisfy the requirements of this paragraph.
Sec. 60.2240 Can reporting dates be changed?
If the Administrator agrees, you may change the semiannual or annual reporting dates. See Sec. 60.19(c) for procedures to seek approval to change your reporting date.
Title V Operating Permits
Sec. 60.2242 Am I required to apply for and obtain a Title V operating permit for my unit?
Yes. Each CISWI unit and air curtain incinerator subject to standards under this subpart must operate pursuant to a permit issued under Section 129(e) and Title V of the Clean Air Act.
Air Curtain Incinerators
Sec. 60.2245 What is an air curtain incinerator?
(a) An air curtain incinerator operates by forcefully projecting a curtain of air across an open chamber or open pit in which combustion occurs. Incinerators of this type can be constructed above or below ground and with or without refractory walls and floor. (Air curtain incinerators are not to be confused with conventional combustion devices with enclosed fireboxes and controlled air technology such as mass burn, modular, and fluidized bed combustors.)
(b) Air curtain incinerators that burn only the materials listed in paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section are only required to meet the requirements under Sec. 60.2242 and under ``Air Curtain Incinerators'' (Sec. Sec. 60.2245 through 60.2260).
(1) 100 percent wood waste.
(2) 100 percent clean lumber.
(3) 100 percent mixture of only wood waste, clean lumber, and/or yard waste.
Sec. 60.2250 What are the emission limitations for air curtain incinerators?
Within 60 days after your air curtain incinerator reaches the charge rate at which it will operate, but no later than 180 days after its initial startup, you must meet the two limitations specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
(a) Maintain opacity to less than or equal to 10 percent opacity (as determined by the average of three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values), except as described in paragraph (b) of this section.
(b) Maintain opacity to less than or equal to 35 percent opacity (as determined by the average of three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values) during the startup period that is within the first 30 minutes of operation.
Sec. 60.2255 How must I monitor opacity for air curtain incinerators?
(a) Use Method 9 of appendix A of this part to determine compliance with the opacity limitation.
(b) Conduct an initial test for opacity as specified in Sec. 60.8.
(c) After the initial test for opacity, conduct annual tests no more than 12 calendar months following the date of your previous test.
Sec. 60.2260 What are the recordkeeping and reporting requirements for air curtain incinerators?
(a) Prior to commencing construction on your air curtain incinerator, submit the three items described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Notification of your intent to construct the air curtain incinerators.
(2) Your planned initial startup date.
(3) Types of materials you plan to burn in your air curtain incinerator.
(b) Keep records of results of all initial and annual opacity tests onsite in either paper copy or electronic format, unless the Administrator approves another format, for at least 5 years.
(c) Make all records available for submittal to the Administrator or for an inspector's onsite review.
(d) You must submit the results (as determined by the average of three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values) of the initial opacity tests no later than 60 days following the initial test. Submit annual opacity test results within 12 months following the previous report.
(e) Submit initial and annual opacity test reports as electronic or paper copy on or before the applicable submittal date.
(f) Keep a copy of the initial and annual reports onsite for a period of 5 years.
Definitions
Sec. 60.2265 What definitions must I know?
Terms used but not defined in this subpart are defined in the Clean Air Act
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and subpart A (General Provisions) of this part.
Administrator means the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or his/her authorized representative or Administrator of a State Air Pollution Control Agency.
30-day rolling average means the arithmetic mean of the previous 720 hours of valid operating data. Valid data excludes periods when this unit is not operating. The 720 hours should be consecutive, but not necessarily continuous if operations are intermittent.
Air curtain incinerator means an incinerator that operates by forcefully projecting a curtain of air across an open chamber or pit in which combustion occurs. Incinerators of this type can be constructed above or below ground and with or without refractory walls and floor. (Air curtain incinerators are not to be confused with conventional combustion devices with enclosed fireboxes and controlled air technology such as mass burn, modular, and fluidized bed combustors.)
Annual heat input means the heat input for the 12 months preceding the compliance demonstration.
Auxiliary fuel means natural gas, liquified petroleum gas, fuel oil, or diesel fuel.
Average annual heat input rate means annual heat input divided by the hours of operation for the 12 months preceding the compliance demonstration.
Bag leak detection system means an instrument that is capable of monitoring particulate matter loadings in the exhaust of a fabric filter (i.e., baghouse) in order to detect bag failures. A bag leak detection system includes, but is not limited to, an instrument that operates on triboelectric, light scattering, light transmittance, or other principle to monitor relative particulate matter loadings.
Burn-off oven means any rack reclamation unit, part reclamation unit, or drum reclamation unit. A burn-off oven is not an incinerator, waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart.
Bypass stack means a device used for discharging combustion gases to avoid severe damage to the air pollution control device or other equipment.
Calendar quarter means three consecutive months (nonoverlapping) beginning on: January 1, April 1, July 1, or October 1.
Calendar year means 365 consecutive days starting on January 1 and ending on December 31.
CEMS data during startup and shutdown means the following:
(1) For incinerators, small remote incinerators, and energy recovery units: CEMS data collected during the first hours of a CISWI unit startup from a cold start until waste is fed to the unit and the hours of operation following the cessation of waste material being fed to the CISWI unit during a unit shutdown. For each startup event, the length of time that CEMS data may be claimed as being CEMS data during startup must be 48 operating hours or less. For each shutdown event, the length of time that CEMS data may be claimed as being CEMS data during shutdown must be 24 operating hours or less.
(2) For waste-burning kilns: CEMS data collected during the periods of kiln operation that do not include normal operations. Startup begins when the kiln's induced fan is turned on and continues until continuous feed is introduced into the kiln, at which time the kiln is in normal operating mode. Shutdown begins when feed to the kiln is halted.
Chemical recovery unit means combustion units burning materials to recover chemical constituents or to produce chemical compounds where there is an existing commercial market for such recovered chemical constituents or compounds. A chemical recovery unit is not an incinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart. The following seven types of units are considered chemical recovery units:
(1) Units burning only pulping liquors (i.e., black liquor) that are reclaimed in a pulping liquor recovery process and reused in the pulping process.
(2) Units burning only spent sulfuric acid used to produce virgin sulfuric acid.
(3) Units burning only wood or coal feedstock for the production of charcoal.
(4) Units burning only manufacturing byproduct streams/residue containing catalyst metals that are reclaimed and reused as catalysts or used to produce commercial grade catalysts.
(5) Units burning only coke to produce purified carbon monoxide that is used as an intermediate in the production of other chemical compounds.
(6) Units burning only hydrocarbon liquids or solids to produce hydrogen, carbon monoxide, synthesis gas, or other gases for use in other manufacturing processes.
(7) Units burning only photographic film to recover silver.
Chemotherapeutic waste means waste material resulting from the production or use of antineoplastic agents used for the purpose of stopping or reversing the growth of malignant cells.
Clean lumber means wood or wood products that have been cut or shaped and include wet, air-dried, and kiln-dried wood products. Clean lumber does not include wood products that have been painted, pigment-
stained, or pressure-treated by compounds such as chromate copper arsenate, pentachlorophenol, and creosote.
Commercial and industrial solid waste incineration (CISWI) unit means any distinct operating unit of any commercial or industrial facility that combusts, or has combusted in the preceding 6 months, any solid waste as that term is defined in 40 CFR part 241. If the operating unit burns materials other than traditional fuels as defined in Sec. 241.2 that have been discarded, and you do not keep and produce records as required by Sec. 60.2175(v), the operating unit is a CISWI unit. While not all CISWI units will include all of the following components, a CISWI unit includes, but is not limited to, the solid waste feed system, grate system, flue gas system, waste heat recovery equipment, if any, and bottom ash system. The CISWI unit does not include air pollution control equipment or the stack. The CISWI unit boundary starts at the solid waste hopper (if applicable) and extends through two areas: The combustion unit flue gas system, which ends immediately after the last combustion chamber or after the waste heat recovery equipment, if any; and the combustion unit bottom ash system, which ends at the truck loading station or similar equipment that transfers the ash to final disposal. The CISWI unit includes all ash handling systems connected to the bottom ash handling system.
Contained gaseous material means gases that are in a container when that container is combusted.
Continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) means the total equipment that may be required to meet the data acquisition and availability requirements of this subpart, used to sample, condition (if applicable), analyze, and provide a record of emissions.
Continuous monitoring system (CMS) means the total equipment, required under the emission monitoring sections in applicable subparts, used to sample and condition (if applicable), to analyze, and to provide a permanent record of emissions or process parameters. A particulate matter continuous parameter monitoring system (PM CPMS) is a type of CMS.
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Cyclonic burn barrel means a combustion device for waste materials that is attached to a 55 gallon, open-head drum. The device consists of a lid, which fits onto and encloses the drum, and a blower that forces combustion air into the drum in a cyclonic manner to enhance the mixing of waste material and air. A cyclonic burn barrel is not an incinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart.
Deviation means any instance in which an affected source subject to this subpart, or an owner or operator of such a source:
(1) Fails to meet any requirement or obligation established by this subpart, including but not limited to any emission limitation, operating limit, or operator qualification and accessibility requirements.
(2) Fails to meet any term or condition that is adopted to implement an applicable requirement in this subpart and that is included in the operating permit for any affected source required to obtain such a permit.
Dioxins/furans means tetra- through octa-chlorinated dibenzo-p-
dioxins and dibenzofurans.
Discard means, for purposes of this subpart and 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDDD, only, burned in an incineration unit without energy recovery.
Drum reclamation unit means a unit that burns residues out of drums (e.g., 55 gallon drums) so that the drums can be reused.
Dry scrubber means an add-on air pollution control system that injects dry alkaline sorbent (dry injection) or sprays an alkaline sorbent (spray dryer) to react with and neutralize acid gas in the exhaust stream forming a dry powder material. Sorbent injection systems in fluidized bed boilers and process heaters are included in this definition. A dry scrubber is a dry control system.
Energy recovery means the process of recovering thermal energy from combustion for useful purposes such as steam generation or process heating.
Energy recovery unit means a combustion unit combusting solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator in 40 CFR part 241) for energy recovery. Energy recovery units include units that would be considered boilers and process heaters if they did not combust solid waste.
Energy recovery unit designed to burn biomass (Biomass) means an energy recovery unit that burns solid waste, biomass, and non-coal solid materials but less than 10 percent coal, on a heat input basis on an annual average, either alone or in combination with liquid waste, liquid fuel or gaseous fuels.
Energy recovery unit designed to burn coal (Coal) means an energy recovery unit that burns solid waste and at least 10 percent coal on a heat input basis on an annual average, either alone or in combination with liquid waste, liquid fuel or gaseous fuels.
Energy recovery unit designed to burn liquid waste materials and gas (Liquid/gas) means an energy recovery unit that burns a liquid waste with liquid or gaseous fuels not combined with any solid fuel or waste materials.
Energy recovery unit designed to burn solid materials (Solids) includes energy recovery units designed to burn coal and energy recovery units designed to burn biomass.
Fabric filter means an add-on air pollution control device used to capture particulate matter by filtering gas streams through filter media, also known as a baghouse.
Foundry sand thermal reclamation unit means a type of part reclamation unit that removes coatings that are on foundry sand. A foundry sand thermal reclamation unit is not an incinerator, a waste-
burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart.
Incinerator means any furnace used in the process of combusting solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator in 40 CFR part 241) for the purpose of reducing the volume of the waste by removing combustible matter. Incinerator designs include single chamber and two-chamber.
In-line coal mill means those coal mills using kiln exhaust gases in their process. Coal mills with a heat source other than the kiln or coal mills using exhaust gases from the clinker cooler alone are not an in-line coal mill.
In-line kiln/raw mill means a system in a Portland Cement production process where a dry kiln system is integrated with the raw mill so that all or a portion of the kiln exhaust gases are used to perform the drying operation of the raw mill, with no auxiliary heat source used. In this system the kiln is capable of operating without the raw mill operating, but the raw mill cannot operate without the kiln gases, and consequently, the raw mill does not generate a separate exhaust gas stream.
Kiln means an oven or furnace, including any associated preheater or precalciner devices, in-line raw mills, in-line coal mills or alkali bypasses used for processing a substance by burning, firing or drying. Kilns include cement kilns that produce clinker by heating limestone and other materials for subsequent production of Portland Cement. Because the alkali bypass, in-line raw mill and in-line coal mill are considered an integral part of the kiln, the kiln emissions limits also apply to the exhaust of the alkali bypass, in-line raw mill and in-line coal mill.
Laboratory analysis unit means units that burn samples of materials for the purpose of chemical or physical analysis. A laboratory analysis unit is not an incinerator, waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart.
Load fraction means the actual heat input of an energy recovery unit divided by heat input during the performance test that established the minimum sorbent injection rate or minimum activated carbon injection rate, expressed as a fraction (e.g., for 50 percent load the load fraction is 0.5).
Low-level radioactive waste means waste material which contains radioactive nuclides emitting primarily beta or gamma radiation, or both, in concentrations or quantities that exceed applicable federal or state standards for unrestricted release. Low-level radioactive waste is not high-level radioactive waste, spent nuclear fuel, or byproduct material as defined by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2014(e)(2)).
Malfunction means any sudden, infrequent, and not reasonably preventable failure of air pollution control equipment, process equipment, or a process to operate in a normal or usual manner. Failures that are caused, in part, by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions.
Minimum voltage or amperage means 90 percent of the lowest test-run average voltage or amperage to the electrostatic precipitator measured during the most recent particulate matter or mercury performance test demonstrating compliance with the applicable emission limits.
Modification or modified CISWI unit means a CISWI unit that has been changed later than August 7, 2013 and that meets one of two criteria:
(1) The cumulative cost of the changes over the life of the unit exceeds 50 percent of the original cost of building and installing the CISWI unit (not including the cost of land) updated to current costs (current dollars). To determine what systems are within the boundary of the CISWI unit used to calculate these costs, see the definition of CISWI unit.
(2) Any physical change in the CISWI unit or change in the method of operating it that increases the amount of any air pollutant emitted for which section 129 or section 111 of the Clean Air Act has established standards.
Municipal solid waste or municipal-type solid waste means household,
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commercial/retail, or institutional waste. Household waste includes material discarded by residential dwellings, hotels, motels, and other similar permanent or temporary housing. Commercial/retail waste includes material discarded by stores, offices, restaurants, warehouses, nonmanufacturing activities at industrial facilities, and other similar establishments or facilities. Institutional waste includes materials discarded by schools, by hospitals (nonmedical), by nonmanufacturing activities at prisons and government facilities, and other similar establishments or facilities. Household, commercial/
retail, and institutional waste does include yard waste and refuse-
derived fuel. Household, commercial/retail, and institutional waste does not include used oil; sewage sludge; wood pallets; construction, renovation, and demolition wastes (which include railroad ties and telephone poles); clean wood; industrial process or manufacturing wastes; medical waste; or motor vehicles (including motor vehicle parts or vehicle fluff).
Opacity means the degree to which emissions reduce the transmission of light and obscure the view of an object in the background.
Operating day means a 24-hour period between 12:00 midnight and the following midnight during which any amount of solid waste is combusted at any time in the CISWI unit.
Oxygen analyzer system means all equipment required to determine the oxygen content of a gas stream and used to monitor oxygen in the boiler or process heater flue gas, boiler or process heater, firebox, or other appropriate location. This definition includes oxygen trim systems and certified oxygen CEMS. The source owner or operator is responsible to install, calibrate, maintain, and operate the oxygen analyzer system in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
Oxygen trim system means a system of monitors that is used to maintain excess air at the desired level in a combustion device over its operating range. A typical system consists of a flue gas oxygen and/or carbon monoxide monitor that automatically provides a feedback signal to the combustion air controller or draft controller.
Part reclamation unit means a unit that burns coatings off parts (e.g., tools, equipment) so that the parts can be reconditioned and reused.
Particulate matter means total particulate matter emitted from CISWI units as measured by Method 5 or Method 29 of appendix A of this part.
Pathological waste means waste material consisting of only human or animal remains, anatomical parts, and/or tissue, the bags/containers used to collect and transport the waste material, and animal bedding (if applicable).
Performance evaluation means the conduct of relative accuracy testing, calibration error testing, and other measurements used in validating the continuous monitoring system data.
Performance test means the collection of data resulting from the execution of a test method (usually three emission test runs) used to demonstrate compliance with a relevant emission standard as specified in the performance test section of the relevant standard.
Process change means any of the following physical or operational changes:
(1) A physical change (maintenance activities excluded) to the CISWI unit which may increase the emission rate of any air pollutant to which a standard applies;
(2) An operational change to the CISWI unit where a new type of non-hazardous secondary material is being combusted;
(3) A physical change (maintenance activities excluded) to the air pollution control devices used to comply with the emission limits for the CISWI unit (e.g., replacing an electrostatic precipitator with a fabric filter);
(4) An operational change to the air pollution control devices used to comply with the emission limits for the affected CISWI unit (e.g., change in the sorbent injection rate used for activated carbon injection).
Rack reclamation unit means a unit that burns the coatings off racks used to hold small items for application of a coating. The unit burns the coating overspray off the rack so the rack can be reused.
Raw mill means a ball or tube mill, vertical roller mill or other size reduction equipment, that is not part of an in-line kiln/raw mill, used to grind feed to the appropriate size. Moisture may be added or removed from the feed during the grinding operation. If the raw mill is used to remove moisture from feed materials, it is also, by definition, a raw material dryer. The raw mill also includes the air separator associated with the raw mill.
Reconstruction means rebuilding a CISWI unit and meeting two criteria:
(1) The reconstruction begins on or after August 7, 2013.
(2) The cumulative cost of the construction over the life of the incineration unit exceeds 50 percent of the original cost of building and installing the CISWI unit (not including land) updated to current costs (current dollars). To determine what systems are within the boundary of the CISWI unit used to calculate these costs, see the definition of CISWI unit.
Refuse-derived fuel means a type of municipal solid waste produced by processing municipal solid waste through shredding and size classification. This includes all classes of refuse-derived fuel including two fuels:
(1) Low-density fluff refuse-derived fuel through densified refuse-
derived fuel.
(2) Pelletized refuse-derived fuel.
Responsible official means one of the following:
(1) For a corporation: A president, secretary, treasurer, or vice-
president of the corporation in charge of a principal business function, or any other person who performs similar policy or decision-
making functions for the corporation, or a duly authorized representative of such person if the representative is responsible for the overall operation of one or more manufacturing, production, or operating facilities applying for or subject to a permit and either:
(i) The facilities employ more than 250 persons or have gross annual sales or expenditures exceeding $25 million (in second quarter 1980 dollars); or
(ii) The delegation of authority to such representatives is approved in advance by the permitting authority;
(2) For a partnership or sole proprietorship: A general partner or the proprietor, respectively;
(3) For a municipality, state, federal, or other public agency: Either a principal executive officer or ranking elected official. For the purposes of this part, a principal executive officer of a federal agency includes the chief executive officer having responsibility for the overall operations of a principal geographic unit of the agency (e.g., a Regional Administrator of EPA); or
(4) For affected facilities:
(i) The designated representative in so far as actions, standards, requirements, or prohibitions under Title IV of the Clean Air Act or the regulations promulgated thereunder are concerned; or
(ii) The designated representative for any other purposes under part 60.
Shutdown means the period of time after all waste has been combusted in the primary chamber.
Small, remote incinerator means an incinerator that combusts solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator in 40 CFR part 241) and combusts 3 tons per day or less solid waste and is more than 25 miles driving
Page 3050
distance to the nearest municipal solid waste landfill.
Soil treatment unit means a unit that thermally treats petroleum-
contaminated soils for the sole purpose of site remediation. A soil treatment unit may be direct-fired or indirect fired. A soil treatment unit is not an incinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart.
Solid waste means the term solid waste as defined in 40 CFR 241.2.
Solid waste incineration unit means a distinct operating unit of any facility which combusts any solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator in 40 CFR part 241) material from commercial or industrial establishments or the general public (including single and multiple residences, hotels and motels). Such term does not include incinerators or other units required to have a permit under section 3005 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act. The term ``solid waste incineration unit'' does not include:
(1) Materials recovery facilities (including primary or secondary smelters) which combust waste for the primary purpose of recovering metals;
(2) Qualifying small power production facilities, as defined in section 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 769(17)(C)), or qualifying cogeneration facilities, as defined in section 3(18)(B) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(18)(B)), which burn homogeneous waste (such as units which burn tires or used oil, but not including refuse-derived fuel) for the production of electric energy or in the case of qualifying cogeneration facilities which burn homogeneous waste for the production of electric energy and steam or forms of useful energy (such as heat) which are used for industrial, commercial, heating or cooling purposes; or
(3) Air curtain incinerators provided that such incinerators only burn wood wastes, yard wastes, and clean lumber and that such air curtain incinerators comply with opacity limitations to be established by the Administrator by rule.
Space heater means a unit that meets the requirements of 40 CFR 279.23. A space heater is not an incinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart.
Standard conditions, when referring to units of measure, means a temperature of 68degF (20 degC) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.3 kilopascals).
Startup period means the period of time between the activation of the system and the first charge to the unit.
Waste-burning kiln means a kiln that is heated, in whole or in part, by combusting solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator in 40 CFR part 241). Secondary materials used in Portland cement kilns shall not be deemed to be combusted unless they are introduced into the flame zone in the hot end of the kiln or mixed with the precalciner fuel.
Wet scrubber means an add-on air pollution control device that uses an aqueous or alkaline scrubbing liquor to collect particulate matter (including nonvaporous metals and condensed organics) and/or to absorb and neutralize acid gases.
Wood waste means untreated wood and untreated wood products, including tree stumps (whole or chipped), trees, tree limbs (whole or chipped), bark, sawdust, chips, scraps, slabs, millings, and shavings. Wood waste does not include:
(1) Grass, grass clippings, bushes, shrubs, and clippings from bushes and shrubs from residential, commercial/retail, institutional, or industrial sources as part of maintaining yards or other private or public lands.
(2) Construction, renovation, or demolition wastes.
(3) Clean lumber.
Table 1 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Emission Limitations for Incinerators for Which Construction Is Commenced
After November 30, 1999, But no Later Than June 4, 2010, or for Which Modification or Reconstruction Is
Commenced on or After June 1, 2001, But no Later Than August 7, 2013
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
And determining
For the air pollutant You must meet this Using this averaging compliance using this
emission limitation \a\ time method
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cadmium.............................. 0.004 milligrams per 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
dry standard cubic minimum sample time (Method 29 of appendix
meter. per run). A of this part).
Carbon monoxide...................... 157 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
by dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 10 at 40 CFR
per run). part 60, appendix A-
4).
Dioxin/Furan (toxic equivalency 0.41 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
basis). standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 4 (Method 23 of appendix
dry standard cubic A-7 of this part).
meters per run).
Hydrogen chloride.................... 62 parts per million by 3-run average (For Performance test
dry volume. Method 26, collect a (Method 26 or 26A at
minimum volume of 120 40 CFR part 60,
liters per run. For appendix A-8).
Method 26A, collect a
minimum volume of 1
dry standard cubic
meter per run).
Lead................................. 0.04 milligrams per dry 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
standard cubic meter. minimum sample time (Method 29 of appendix
per run). A of this part).
Mercury.............................. 0.47 milligrams per dry 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
standard cubic meter. minimum sample time (Method 29 of appendix
per run). A of this part).
Nitrogen Oxides...................... 388 parts per million 3-run average (for Performance test
by dry volume. Method 7E, 1 hour (Method 7 or 7E at 40
minimum sample time CFR part 60, appendix
per run). A-4).
Opacity.............................. 10 percent............. 6-minute averages...... Performance test
(Method 9 of appendix
A of this part).
Oxides of nitrogen................... 388 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
by dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 7, 7A, 7C, 7D,
per run). or 7E of appendix A of
this part).
Particulate matter................... 70 milligrams per dry 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
standard cubic meter. minimum sample time (Method 5 or 29 of
per run). appendix A of this
part).
Sulfur Dioxide....................... 20 parts per million by 3-run average (For Performance test
dry volume. Method 6, collect a (Method 6 or 6C at 40
minimum volume of 20 CFR part 60, appendix
liters per run. For A-4).
Method 6C, collect
sample for a minimum
duration of 1 hour per
run).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ All emission limitations (except for opacity) are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard
conditions.
Page 3051
Table 2 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Operating Limits for Wet Scrubbers
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You must establish And monitoring using these minimum frequencies
For these operating parameters these operating -----------------------------------------------------------
limits Data measurement Data recording Averaging time
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Charge rate..................... Maximum charge Continuous........ Every hour........ Daily (batch
rate. units) 3-hour
rolling
(continuous and
intermittent
units).\a\
Pressure drop across the wet Minimum pressure Continuous........ Every 15 minutes.. 3-hour rolling.\a\
scrubber or amperage to wet drop or amperage.
scrubber.
Scrubber liquor flow rate....... Minimum flow rate. Continuous........ Every 15 minutes.. 3-hour rolling.\a\
Scrubber liquor pH.............. Minimum pH........ Continuous........ Every 15 minutes.. 3-hour rolling.\a\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ Calculated each hour as the average of the previous 3 operating hours.
Table 3 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Toxic Equivalency Factors
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Toxic equivalency
Dioxin/furan congener factor
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin........... 1
1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin......... 0.5
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin........ 0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin........ 0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin........ 0.1
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin..... 0.01
octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin.................... 0.001
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzofuran............... 0.1
2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzofuran............. 0.5
1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzofuran............. 0.05
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran............ 0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran............ 0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran............ 0.1
2,3,4,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran............ 0.1
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorinated dibenzofuran......... 0.01
1,2,3,4,7,8,9-heptachlorinated dibenzofuran......... 0.01
octachlorinated dibenzofuran........................ 0.001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 4 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Summary of Reporting Requirements \a\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Report Due date Contents Reference
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Preconstruction report............... Prior to commencing Statement of Sec. 60.2190.
construction. intent to construct.
Anticipated
date of commencement
of construction.
Documentation
for siting
requirements.
Waste
management plan.
Anticipated
date of initial
startup.
Startup notification................. Prior to initial Type of waste Sec. 60.2195.
startup. to be burned.
Maximum design
waste burning capacity.
Anticipated
maximum charge rate.
If applicable,
the petition for site-
specific operating
limits.
Initial test report.................. No later than 60 days Complete test Sec. 60.2200.
following the initial report for the initial
performance test. performance test.
The values for
the site-specific
operating limits.
Installation
of bag leak detection
system for fabric
filter.
Annual report........................ No later than 12 months Name and Sec. Sec. 60.2205
following the address. and 60.2210.
submission of the Statement and
initial test report. signature by
Subsequent reports are responsible official.
to be submitted no Date of report
more than 12 months Values for the
following the previous operating limits.
report. Highest
recorded 3-hour
average and the lowest
3-hour average, as
applicable, for each
operating parameter
recorded for the
calendar year being
reported.
For each
performance test
conducted during the
reporting period, if
any performance test
is conducted, the
process unit(s)
tested, the
pollutant(s) tested,
and the date that such
performance test was
conducted.
If a
performance test was
not conducted during
the reporting period,
a statement that the
requirements of Sec.
60.2155(a) were met.
Documentation
of periods when all
qualified CISWI unit
operators were
unavailable for more
than 8 hours but less
than 2 weeks.
Page 3052
If you are
conducting performance
tests once every 3
years consistent with
Sec. 60.2155(a), the
date of the last 2
performance tests, a
comparison of the
emission level you
achieved in the last 2
performance tests to
the 75 percent
emission limit
threshold required in
Sec. 60.2155(a) and
a statement as to
whether there have
been any operational
changes since the last
performance test that
could increase
emissions.
Emission limitation or operating By August 1 of that Dates and Sec. 60.2215 and
limit deviation report. year for data times of deviation. 60.2220.
collected during the Averaged and
first half of the recorded data for
calendar year. By those dates.
February 1 of the Duration and
following year for causes of each
data collected during deviation and the
the second half of the corrective actions
calendar year. taken.
Copy of
operating limit
monitoring data and,
if any performance
test was conducted
that documents
emission levels, the
process unit(s)
tested, the
pollutant(s) tested,
and the date that such
performance text was
conducted.
Dates, times
and causes for monitor
downtime incidents.
Qualified operator deviation Within 10 days of Statement of Sec. 60.2225(a)(1).
notification. deviation. cause of deviation.
Description of
efforts to have an
accessible qualified
operator.
The date a
qualified operator
will be accessible.
Qualified operator deviation status Every 4 weeks following Description of Sec. 60.2225(a)(2).
report. deviation. efforts to have an
accessible qualified
operator.
The date a
qualified operator
will be accessible.
Request for
approval to continue
operation.
Qualified operator deviation Prior to resuming Notification Sec. 60.2225(b).
notification of resumed operation. operation. that you are resuming
operation.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ This table is only a summary, see the referenced sections of the rule for the complete requirements.
Table 5 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Emission Limitations for Incinerators That Commenced Construction After June
4, 2010, or That Commenced Reconstruction or Modification After August 7, 2013
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You must meet this And determining
For the air pollutant emission limitation Using this averaging compliance using this
\a\ time method
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cadmium.............................. 0.0023 milligrams per 3-run average (collect Performance test
dry standard cubic a minimum volume of 4 (Method 29 at 40 CFR
meter. dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-8
meter per run). of this part).
Use ICPMS for the
analytical finish.
Carbon monoxide...................... 17 parts per million by 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 10 at 40 CFR
per run). part 60, appendix A-
4).
Dioxin/furan (Total Mass Basis)...... 0.58 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
standard cubic a minimum volume of 4 (Method 23 at 40 CFR
meter.\c\ dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters per run). 7).
Dioxin/furan (toxic equivalency 0.13 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
basis). standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 4 (Method 23 at 40 CFR
dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meter per run). 7).
Fugitive ash......................... Visible emissions for Three 1-hour Visible emission test
no more than 5 percent observation periods. (Method 22 at 40 CFR
of the hourly part 60, appendix A-
observation period. 7).
Hydrogen chloride.................... 0.091 parts per million 3-run average (For Performance test
by dry volume. Method 26, collect a (Method 26 or 26A at
minimum volume of 360 40 CFR part 60,
liters per run. For appendix A-8).
Method 26A, collect a
minimum volume of 3
dry standard cubic
meters per run).
Lead................................. 0.015 milligrams per 3-run average (collect Performance test
dry standard cubic a minimum volume of 4 (Method 29 of appendix
meter.\c\ dry standard cubic A-8 at 40 CFR part
meters per run). 60). Use ICPMS for the
analytical finish.
Mercury.............................. 0.00084 milligrams per 3-run average (collect Performance test
dry standard cubic enough volume to meet (Method 29 or 30B at
meter.\c\ a detection limit data 40 CFR part 60,
quality objective of appendix A-8) or ASTM
0.03 ug/dry standard D6784-02 (Reapproved
cubic meter). 2008).\b\
Nitrogen Oxides...................... 23 parts per million 3-run average (for Performance test
dry volume. Method 7E, 1 hour (Method 7 or 7E at 40
minimum sample time CFR part 60, appendix
per run). A-4).
Particulate matter (filterable) 18 milligrams per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 2 (Method 5 or 29 at 40
dry standard cubic CFR part 60, appendix
meters per run). A-3 or appendix A-8 at
40 CFR part 60).
Page 3053
Sulfur dioxide....................... 11 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 6 or 6C at 40
per run). CFR part 60, appendix
A-4).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ All emission limitations are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/
furans, you must meet either the Total Mass Limit or the toxic equivalency basis limit.
\b\ Incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17.
Table 6 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Emission Limitations for Energy Recovery Units That Commenced Construction
After June 4, 2010, or That Commenced Reconstruction or Modification After August 7, 2013
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You must meet this emission limitation
\a\ Using this And determining
For the air pollutant ---------------------------------------- averaging time compliance using
Liquid/gas Solids this method
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cadmium......................... 0.023 milligrams Biomass--0.0014 3-run average Performance test
per dry standard milligrams per (collect a (Method 29 at 40
cubic meter. dry standard minimum volume of CFR part 60,
cubic meter.\c\ 4 dry standard appendix A-8).
Coal--0.0095 cubic meters per Use ICPMS for the
milligrams per run). analytical
dry standard finish.
cubic meter.
Carbon monoxide................. 35 parts per Biomass--240 parts 3-run average (1 Performance test
million dry per million dry hour minimum (Method 10 at 40
volume. volume Coal--95 sample time per CFR part 60,
parts per million run). appendix A-4).
dry volume.
Dioxin/furans (Total Mass Basis) No Total Mass Biomass--0.52 3-run average Performance test
Basis limit, must nanograms per dry (collect a (Method 23 at 40
meet the toxic standard cubic minimum volume of CFR part 60,
equivalency basis meter.\c\ Coal-- 4 dry standard appendix A-7).
limit below. 5.1 nanograms per cubic meters).
dry standard
cubic meter.\c\
Dioxins/furans (toxic 0.093 nanograms Biomass--0.076 3-run average Performance test
equivalency basis). per dry standard nanograms per dry (collect a (Method 23 of
cubic meter.\c\ standard cubic minimum volume of appendix A-7 of
meter.\c\ Coal-- 4 dry standard this part).
0.075 nanograms cubic meters per
per dry standard run).
cubic meter.\c\
Fugitive ash.................... Visible emissions Three 1-hour Visible emission Fugitive ash.
for no more than observation test (Method 22
5 percent of the periods. at 40 CFR part
hourly 60, appendix A-
observation 7).
period.
Hydrogen chloride............... 14 parts per Biomass--0.20 3-run average (For Performance test
million dry parts per million Method 26, (Method 26 or 26A
volume. dry volume Coal-- collect a minimum at 40 CFR part
13 parts per volume of 360 60, appendix A-
million dry liters per run. 8).
volume. For Method 26A,
collect a minimum
volume of 3 dry
standard cubic
meters per run).
Lead............................ 0.096 milligrams Biomass--0.014 3-run average Performance test
per dry standard milligrams per (collect a (Method 29 at 40
cubic meter. dry standard minimum volume of CFR part 60,
cubic meter.\c\ 4 dry standard appendix A-8).
Coal--0.14 cubic meters per Use ICPMS for the
milligrams per run). analytical
dry standard finish.
cubic meter.
Mercury......................... 0.00056 milligrams Biomass--0.0022 3-run average Performance test
per dry standard milligrams per (collect enough (Method 29 or 30B
cubic meter.\c\ dry standard volume to meet an at 40 CFR part
cubic meter Coal-- in-stack 60, appendix A-8)
0.016 milligrams detection limit or ASTM D6784-02
per dry standard data quality (Reapproved
cubic meter. objective of 0.03 2008).\b\
ug/dscm).
Oxides of nitrogen.............. 76 parts per Biomass--290 parts 3-run average (for Performance test
million dry per million dry Method 7E, 1 hour (Method 7 or 7E
volume. volume Coal--340 minimum sample at 40 CFR part
parts per million time per run). 60, appendix A-
dry volume. 4).
Particulate matter (filterable). 110 milligrams per Biomass--5.1 3-run average Performance test
dry standard milligrams per (collect a (Method 5 or 29
cubic meter. dry standard minimum volume of at 40 CFR part
cubic meter Coal-- 1 dry standard 60, appendix A-3
160 milligrams cubic meter per or appendix A-8)
per dry standard run). if the unit has
cubic meter. an annual average
heat input rate
less than 250
MMBtu/hr; or PM
CPMS (as
specified in Sec.
60.2145(x)) if
the unit has an
annual average
heat input rate
equal to or
greater than 250
MMBtu/hr.
Page 3054
Sulfur dioxide.................. 720 parts per Biomass--7.3 parts 3-run average (for Performance test
million dry per million dry Method 6, collect (Method 6 or 6C
volume. volume Coal--650 a minimum of 60 at 40 CFR part
parts per million liters, for 60, appendix A-
dry volume. Method 6C,1 hour 4).
minimum sample
time per run).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ All emission limitations are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/
furans, you must meet either the Total Mass Basis limit or the toxic equivalency basis limit.
\b\ Incorporated by reference,see Sec. 60.17.
\c\ If you are conducting stack tests to demonstrate compliance and your performance tests for this pollutant
for at least 2 consecutive years show that your emissions are at or below this limit, you can skip testing
according to Sec. 60.2155 if all of the other provisions of Sec. 60.2155 are met. For all other pollutants
that do not contain a footnote ``c'', your performance tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive
years must show that your emissions are at or below 75 percent of this limit in order to qualify for skip
testing.
Table 7 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Emission Limitations for Waste-burning Kilns That Commenced Construction
After June 4, 2010, or Reconstruction or Modification After August 7, 2013
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
And determining
For the air pollutant You must meet this Using this averaging compliance using this
emission limitation \a\ time method
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cadmium.............................. 0.0014 milligrams per 3-run average (collect Performance test
dry standard cubic a minimum volume of 4 (Method 29 at 40 CFR
meter.\b\ dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters per run). 8). Use ICPMS for the
analytical finish.
Carbon monoxide...................... 90 (long kilns)/190 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
(preheater/ minimum sample time (Method 10 at 40 CFR
precalciner) parts per per run). part 60, appendix A-
million dry volume. 4).
Dioxins/furans (total mass basis).... 0.51 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
standard cubic a minimum volume of 4 (Method 23 at 40 CFR
meter.\b\ dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters per run). 7).
Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency 0.075 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
basis). standard cubic a minimum volume of 4 (Method 23 at 40 CFR
meter.\b\ dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters). 7).
Hydrogen chloride.................... 3.0 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
dry volume.\b\ minimum sample time (Method 321 at 40 CFR
per run) or 30-day part 63, appendix A)
rolling average if HCl or HCl CEMS if a wet
CEMS are used. scrubber or dry
scrubber is not used.
Lead................................. 0.014 milligrams per 3-run average (collect Performance test
dry standard cubic a minimum volume of 4 (Method 29 at 40 CFR
meter.\b\ dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters). 8). Use ICPMS for the
analytical finish.
Mercury.............................. 0.0037 milligrams per 30-day rolling average. Mercury CEMS or sorbent
dry standard cubic trap monitoring system
meter. (performance
specification 12A or
12B, respectively, of
appendix B of this
part).
Oxides of nitrogen................... 200 parts per million 30-day rolling average. NOx CEMS (performance
dry volume. specification 2 of
appendix B and
procedure 1 of
appendix F of this
part).
Particulate matter (filterable)...... 2.2 milligrams per dry 30-day rolling average. PM CPMS (as specified
standard cubic meter. in Sec. 60.2145(x)).
Sulfur dioxide....................... 28 parts per million 30-day rolling average. Sulfur dioxide CEMS
dry volume. (performance
specification 2 of
appendix B and
procedure 1 of
appendix F of this
part).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ All emission limitations are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/
furans, you must meet either the Total Mass Basis limit or the toxic equivalency basis limit.
\b\ If you are conducting stack tests to demonstrate compliance and your performance tests for this pollutant
for at least 2 consecutive years show that your emissions are at or below this limit, you can skip testing
according to Sec. 60.2155 if all of the other provisions of Sec. 60.2155 are met. For all other pollutants
that do not contain a footnote ``b'', your performance tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive
years must show that your emissions are at or below 75 percent of this limit in order to qualify for skip
testing.
Page 3055
Table 8 to Subpart CCCC of Part 60--Emission Limitations for Small, Remote Incinerators That Commenced
Construction After June 4, 2010, or That Commenced Reconstruction or Modification After August 7, 2013
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
And determining
For the air pollutant You must meet this Using this averaging compliance using this
emission limitation \a\ time method
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cadmium.............................. 0.67 milligrams per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 1 (Method 29 at 40 CFR
dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters per run). 8).
Carbon monoxide...................... 13 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 10 at 40 CFR
per run). part 60, appendix A-
4).
Dioxins/furans (total mass basis).... 1,800 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
standard cubic a minimum volume of 1 (Method 23 at 40 CFR
meter.\b\ dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters per run). 7).
Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency 31 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
basis). standard cubic a minimum volume of 1 (Method 23 at 40 CFR
meter.\b\ dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters). 7).
Fugitive ash......................... Visible emissions for Three 1-hour Visible emissions test
no more than 5 percent observation periods. (Method 22 at 40 CFR
of the hourly part 60, appendix A-
observation period. 7).
Hydrogen chloride.................... 200 parts per million 3-run average (For Performance test
by dry volume. Method 26, collect a (Method 26 or 26A at
minimum volume of 60 40 CFR part 60,
liters per run. For appendix A-8).
Method 26A, collect a
minimum volume of 1
dry standard cubic
meter per run).
Lead................................. 2.0 milligrams per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 1 (Method 29 at 40 CFR
dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters). 8). Use ICPMS for the
analytical finish.
Mercury.............................. 0.0035 milligrams per 3-run average (For Performance test
dry standard cubic Method 29 and ASTM (Method 29 or 30B at
meter. D6784-02 (Reapproved 40 CFR part 60,
2008) \b\, collect a appendix A-8) or ASTM
minimum volume of 2 D6784-02 (Reapproved
dry standard cubic 2008).\b\
meters per run. For
Method 30B, collect a
minimum volume as
specified in Method
30B at 40 CFR part 60,
appendix A).
Oxides of nitrogen................... 170 parts per million 3-run average (for Performance test
dry volume. Method 7E, 1 hour (Method 7 or 7E at 40
minimum sample time CFR part 60, appendix
per run). A-4).
Particulate matter (filterable)...... 270 milligrams per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 1 (Method 5 or 29 at 40
dry standard cubic CFR part 60, appendix
meters). A-3 or appendix A-8).
Sulfur dioxide....................... 1.2 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 6 or 6c at 40
per run). CFR part 60, appendix
A-4).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ All emission limitations are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/
furans, you must meet either the Total Mass Basis limit or the toxic equivalency basis limit.
\b\ Incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17.
0
-
Part 60 is amended by revising subpart DDDD to read as follows:
Subpart DDDD--Emissions Guidelines and Compliance Times for Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units
Introduction
Sec.
60.2500 What is the purpose of this subpart?
60.2505 Am I affected by this subpart?
60.2510 Is a state plan required for all states?
60.2515 What must I include in my state plan?
60.2520 Is there an approval process for my state plan?
60.2525 What if my state plan is not approvable?
60.2530 Is there an approval process for a negative declaration letter?
60.2535 What compliance schedule must I include in my state plan?
60.2540 Are there any state plan requirements for this subpart that apply instead of the requirements specified in subpart B?
60.2541 In lieu of a state plan submittal, are there other acceptable option(s) for a state to meet its Clean Air Act section 111(d)/129(b)(2) obligations?
60.2542 What authorities will not be delegated to state, local, or tribal agencies?
60.2545 Does this subpart directly affect CISWI unit owners and operators in my state?
Applicability of State Plans
60.2550 What CISWI units must I address in my state plan?
60.2555 What combustion units are exempt from my state plan?
Use of Model Rule
60.2560 What is the ``model rule'' in this subpart?
60.2565 How does the model rule relate to the required elements of my state plan?
60.2570 What are the principal components of the model rule?
Model Rule--Increments of Progress
60.2575 What are my requirements for meeting increments of progress and achieving final compliance?
60.2580 When must I complete each increment of progress?
60.2585 What must I include in the notifications of achievement of increments of progress?
60.2590 When must I submit the notifications of achievement of increments of progress?
60.2595 What if I do not meet an increment of progress?
60.2600 How do I comply with the increment of progress for submittal of a control plan?
60.2605 How do I comply with the increment of progress for achieving final compliance?
60.2610 What must I do if I close my CISWI unit and then restart it?
60.2615 What must I do if I plan to permanently close my CISWI unit and not restart it?
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Model Rule--Waste Management Plan
60.2620 What is a waste management plan?
60.2625 When must I submit my waste management plan?
60.2630 What should I include in my waste management plan?
Model Rule--Operator Training and Qualification
60.2635 What are the operator training and qualification requirements?
60.2640 When must the operator training course be completed?
60.2645 How do I obtain my operator qualification?
60.2650 How do I maintain my operator qualification?
60.2655 How do I renew my lapsed operator qualification?
60.2660 What site-specific documentation is required?
60.2665 What if all the qualified operators are temporarily not accessible?
Model Rule--Emission Limitations and Operating Limits
60.2670 What emission limitations must I meet and by when?
60.2675 What operating limits must I meet and by when?
60.2680 What if I do not use a wet scrubber, fabric filter, activated carbon injection, selective noncatalytic reduction, an electrostatic precipitator, or a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations?
Model Rule--Performance Testing
60.2690 How do I conduct the initial and annual performance test?
60.2695 How are the performance test data used?
Model Rule--Initial Compliance Requirements
60.2700 How do I demonstrate initial compliance with the amended emission limitations and establish the operating limits?
60.2705 By what date must I conduct the initial performance test?
60.2706 By what date must I conduct the initial air pollution control device inspection?
Model Rule--Continuous Compliance Requirements
60.2710 How do I demonstrate continuous compliance with the amended emission limitations and the operating limits?
60.2715 By what date must I conduct the annual performance test?
60.2716 By what date must I conduct the annual air pollution control device inspection?
60.2720 May I conduct performance testing less often?
60.2725 May I conduct a repeat performance test to establish new operating limits?
Model Rule--Monitoring
60.2730 What monitoring equipment must I install and what parameters must I monitor?
60.2735 Is there a minimum amount of monitoring data I must obtain?
Model Rule--Recordkeeping and Reporting
60.2740 What records must I keep?
60.2745 Where and in what format must I keep my records?
60.2750 What reports must I submit?
60.2755 When must I submit my waste management plan?
60.2760 What information must I submit following my initial performance test?
60.2765 When must I submit my annual report?
60.2770 What information must I include in my annual report?
60.2775 What else must I report if I have a deviation from the operating limits or the emission limitations?
60.2780 What must I include in the deviation report?
60.2785 What else must I report if I have a deviation from the requirement to have a qualified operator accessible?
60.2790 Are there any other notifications or reports that I must submit?
60.2795 In what form can I submit my reports?
60.2800 Can reporting dates be changed?
Model Rule--Title V Operating Permits
60.2805 Am I required to apply for and obtain a Title V operating permit for my unit?
Model Rule--Air Curtain Incinerators
60.2810 What is an air curtain incinerator?
60.2815 What are my requirements for meeting increments of progress and achieving final compliance?
60.2820 When must I complete each increment of progress?
60.2825 What must I include in the notifications of achievement of increments of progress?
60.2830 When must I submit the notifications of achievement of increments of progress?
60.2835 What if I do not meet an increment of progress?
60.2840 How do I comply with the increment of progress for submittal of a control plan?
60.2845 How do I comply with the increment of progress for achieving final compliance?
60.2850 What must I do if I close my air curtain incinerator and then restart it?
60.2855 What must I do if I plan to permanently close my air curtain incinerator and not restart it?
60.2860 What are the emission limitations for air curtain incinerators?
60.2865 How must I monitor opacity for air curtain incinerators?
60.2870 What are the recordkeeping and reporting requirements for air curtain incinerators?
Model Rule--Definitions
60.2875 What definitions must I know?
Table 1 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Increments of Progress and Compliance Schedules
Table 2 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Incinerators Before Date to be specified in state plan
Table 3 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Operating Limits for Wet Scrubbers
Table 4 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Toxic Equivalency Factors
Table 5 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Summary of Reporting Requirements
Table 6 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Incinerators on and After Date to be specified in state plan
Table 7 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Energy Recovery Units After May 20, 2011 Date to be specified in state plan
Table 8 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Waste-Burning Kilns After May 20, 2011 Date to be specified in state plan.
Table 9 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Small, Remote Incinerators After May 20, 2011 Date to be specified in state plan
Subpart DDDD--Emissions Guidelines and Compliance Times for Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste Incineration Units
Introduction
Sec. 60.2500 What is the purpose of this subpart?
This subpart establishes emission guidelines and compliance schedules for the control of emissions from commercial and industrial solid waste incineration (CISWI) units. The pollutants addressed by these emission guidelines are listed in table 2 of this subpart and tables 6 through 9 of this subpart. These emission guidelines are developed in accordance with sections 111(d) and 129 of the Clean Air Act and subpart B of this part.
Sec. 60.2505 Am I affected by this subpart?
(a) If you are the Administrator of an air quality program in a state or United States protectorate with one or more existing CISWI units that meet the criteria in paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section, you must submit a state plan to U.S. Environmental Protection
Page 3057
Agency (EPA) that implements the emission guidelines contained in this subpart.
(b) You must submit a state plan to EPA by December 3, 2001 for incinerator units that commenced construction on or before November 30, 1999 and that were not modified or reconstructed after June 1, 2001.
(c) You must submit a state plan that meets the requirements of this subpart and contains the more stringent emission limit for the respective pollutant in table 6 of this subpart or table 1 of subpart CCCC of this part to EPA by February 7, 2014 for incinerators that commenced construction after November 30, 1999, but no later than June 4, 2010, or commenced modification or reconstruction after June 1, 2001 but no later than August 7, 2013.
(d) You must submit a state plan to EPA that meets the requirements of this subpart and contains the emission limits in tables 7 through 9 of this subpart by February 7, 2014, for CISWI units other than incinerator units that commenced construction on or before June 4, 2010, or commenced modification or reconstruction after June 4, 2010 but no later than August 7, 2013.
Sec. 60.2510 Is a state plan required for all states?
No. You are not required to submit a state plan if there are no existing CISWI units in your state, and you submit a negative declaration letter in place of the state plan.
Sec. 60.2515 What must I include in my state plan?
(a) You must include the nine items described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (9) of this section in your state plan.
(1) Inventory of affected CISWI units, including those that have ceased operation but have not been dismantled.
(2) Inventory of emissions from affected CISWI units in your state.
(3) Compliance schedules for each affected CISWI unit.
(4) Emission limitations, operator training and qualification requirements, a waste management plan, and operating limits for affected CISWI units that are at least as protective as the emission guidelines contained in this subpart.
(5) Performance testing, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements.
(6) Certification that the hearing on the state plan was held, a list of witnesses and their organizational affiliations, if any, appearing at the hearing, and a brief written summary of each presentation or written submission.
(7) Provision for state progress reports to EPA.
(8) Identification of enforceable state mechanisms that you selected for implementing the emission guidelines of this subpart.
(9) Demonstration of your state's legal authority to carry out the sections 111(d) and 129 state plan.
(b) Your state plan may deviate from the format and content of the emission guidelines contained in this subpart. However, if your state plan does deviate in content, you must demonstrate that your state plan is at least as protective as the emission guidelines contained in this subpart. Your state plan must address regulatory applicability, increments of progress for retrofit, operator training and qualification, a waste management plan, emission limitations, performance testing, operating limits, monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting, and air curtain incinerator requirements.
(c) You must follow the requirements of subpart B of this part (Adoption and Submittal of State Plans for Designated Facilities) in your state plan.
Sec. 60.2520 Is there an approval process for my state plan?
Yes. The EPA will review your state plan according to Sec. 60.27.
Sec. 60.2525 What if my state plan is not approvable?
(a) If you do not submit an approvable state plan (or a negative declaration letter) by December 2, 2002, EPA will develop a federal plan according to Sec. 60.27 to implement the emission guidelines contained in this subpart. Owners and operators of CISWI units not covered by an approved state plan must comply with the federal plan. The federal plan is an interim action and will be automatically withdrawn when your state plan is approved.
(b) If you do not submit an approvable state plan (or a negative declaration letter) to EPA that meets the requirements of this subpart and contains the emission limits in tables 6 through 9 of this subpart for CISWI units that commenced construction on or before June 4, 2010 and incinerator or air curtain incinerator units that commenced reconstruction or modification on or after June 1, 2001 but no later than August 7, 2013, then EPA will develop a federal plan according to Sec. 60.27 to implement the emission guidelines contained in this subpart. Owners and operators of CISWI units not covered by an approved state plan must comply with the federal plan. The federal plan is an interim action and will be automatically withdrawn when your state plan is approved.
Sec. 60.2530 Is there an approval process for a negative declaration letter?
No. The EPA has no formal review process for negative declaration letters. Once your negative declaration letter has been received, EPA will place a copy in the public docket and publish a notice in the Federal Register. If, at a later date, an existing CISWI unit is found in your state, the federal plan implementing the emission guidelines contained in this subpart would automatically apply to that CISWI unit until your state plan is approved.
Sec. 60.2535 What compliance schedule must I include in my state plan?
(a) For CISWI units in the incinerator subcategory and air curtain incinerators that commenced construction on or before November 30, 1999, your state plan must include compliance schedules that require CISWI units in the incinerator subcategory and air curtain incinerators to achieve final compliance as expeditiously as practicable after approval of the state plan but not later than the earlier of the two dates specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) December 1, 2005.
(2) Three years after the effective date of state plan approval.
(b) For CISWI units in the incinerator subcategory and air curtain incinerators that commenced construction after November 30, 1999, but on or before June 4, 2010 or that commenced reconstruction or modification on or after June 1, 2001 but no later than August 7, 2013, and for CISWI units in the small remote incinerator, energy recovery unit, and waste-burning kiln subcategories that commenced construction before June 4, 2010, your state plan must include compliance schedules that require CISWI units to achieve final compliance as expeditiously as practicable after approval of the state plan but not later than the earlier of the two dates specified in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) February 7, 2018.
(2) Three years after the effective date of State plan approval.
(c) For compliance schedules more than 1 year following the effective date of State plan approval, State plans must include dates for enforceable increments of progress as specified in Sec. 60.2580.
Page 3058
Sec. 60.2540 Are there any State plan requirements for this subpart that apply instead of the requirements specified in subpart B?
Yes. Subpart B establishes general requirements for developing and processing section 111(d) plans. This subpart applies instead of the requirements in subpart B of this part for paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section:
(a) State plans developed to implement this subpart must be as protective as the emission guidelines contained in this subpart. State plans must require all CISWI units to comply by the dates specified in Sec. 60.2535. This applies instead of the option for case-by-case less stringent emission standards and longer compliance schedules in Sec. 60.24(f).
(b) State plans developed to implement this subpart are required to include two increments of progress for the affected CISWI units. These two minimum increments are the final control plan submittal date and final compliance date in Sec. 60.21(h)(1) and (5). This applies instead of the requirement of Sec. 60.24(e)(1) that would require a State plan to include all five increments of progress for all CISWI units.
Sec. 60.2541 In lieu of a state plan submittal, are there other acceptable option(s) for a state to meet its Clean Air Act section 111(d)/129(b)(2) obligations?
Yes, a state may meet its Clean Air Act section 111(d)/129 obligations by submitting an acceptable written request for delegation of the federal plan that meets the requirements of this section. This is the only other option for a state to meet its Clean Air Act section 111(d)/129 obligations.
(a) An acceptable federal plan delegation request must include the following:
(1) A demonstration of adequate resources and legal authority to administer and enforce the federal plan.
(2) The items under Sec. 60.2515(a)(1), (2) and (7).
(3) Certification that the hearing on the state delegation request, similar to the hearing for a state plan submittal, was held, a list of witnesses and their organizational affiliations, if any, appearing at the hearing, and a brief written summary of each presentation or written submission.
(4) A commitment to enter into a Memorandum of Agreement with the Regional Administrator who sets forth the terms, conditions, and effective date of the delegation and that serves as the mechanism for the transfer of authority. Additional guidance and information is given in EPA's Delegation Manual, Item 7-139, Implementation and Enforcement of 111(d)(2) and 111(d)/(2)/129(b)(3) federal plans.
(b) A state with an already approved CISWI Clean Air Act section 111(d)/129 state plan is not precluded from receiving EPA approval of a delegation request for the revised federal plan, providing the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section are met, and at the time of the delegation request, the state also requests withdrawal of EPA's previous state plan approval.
(c) A state's Clean Air Act section 111(d)/129 obligations are separate from its obligations under Title V of the Clean Air Act.
Sec. 60.2542 What authorities will not be delegated to state, local, or tribal agencies?
The authorities listed under Sec. 60.2030(c) will not be delegated to state, local, or tribal agencies.
Sec. 60.2545 Does this subpart directly affect CISWI unit owners and operators in my state?
(a) No. This subpart does not directly affect CISWI unit owners and operators in your state. However, CISWI unit owners and operators must comply with the state plan you develop to implement the emission guidelines contained in this subpart. States may choose to incorporate the model rule text directly in their state plan.
(b) If you do not submit an approvable plan to implement and enforce the guidelines contained in this subpart for CISWI units that commenced construction before November 30, 1999 by December 2, 2002, EPA will implement and enforce a federal plan, as provided in Sec. 60.2525, to ensure that each unit within your state reaches compliance with all the provisions of this subpart by December 1, 2005.
(c) If you do not submit an approvable plan to implement and enforce the guidelines contained in this subpart by February 7, 2014, for CISWI units that commenced construction on or before June 4, 2010, EPA will implement and enforce a federal plan, as provided in Sec. 60.2525, to ensure that each unit within your state that commenced construction on or before June 4, 2010, reaches compliance with all the provisions of this subpart by February 7, 2018.
Applicability of State Plans
Sec. 60.2550 What CISWI units must I address in my state plan?
(a) Your state plan must address incineration units that meet all three criteria described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) CISWI units and air curtain incinerators in your state that commenced construction on or before June 4, 2010, or commenced modification or reconstruction after June 4, 2010 but no later than August 7, 2013.
(2) Incineration units that meet the definition of a CISWI unit as defined in Sec. 60.2875.
(3) Incineration units not exempt under Sec. 60.2555.
(b) If the owner or operator of a CISWI unit or air curtain incinerator makes changes that meet the definition of modification or reconstruction after August 7, 2013, the CISWI unit becomes subject to subpart CCCC of this part and the state plan no longer applies to that unit.
(c) If the owner or operator of a CISWI unit makes physical or operational changes to an existing CISWI unit primarily to comply with your state plan, subpart CCCC of this part does not apply to that unit. Such changes do not qualify as modifications or reconstructions under subpart CCCC of this part.
Sec. 60.2555 What combustion units are exempt from my state plan?
This subpart exempts the types of units described in paragraphs (a), (c) through (i), (m), and (n) of this section, but some units are required to provide notifications. Air curtain incinerators are exempt from the requirements in this subpart except for the provisions in Sec. Sec. 60.2805, 60.2860, and 60.2870.
(a) Pathological waste incineration units. Incineration units burning 90 percent or more by weight (on a calendar quarter basis and excluding the weight of auxiliary fuel and combustion air) of pathological waste, low-level radioactive waste, and/or chemotherapeutic waste as defined in Sec. 60.2875 are not subject to this subpart if you meet the two requirements specified in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) Notify the Administrator that the unit meets these criteria.
(2) Keep records on a calendar quarter basis of the weight of pathological waste, low-level radioactive waste, and/or chemotherapeutic waste burned, and the weight of all other fuels and wastes burned in the unit.
(b) Reserved
(c) Municipal waste combustion units. Incineration units that are subject to subpart Ea of this part (Standards of Performance for Municipal Waste Combustors); subpart Eb of this part (Standards of Performance for Large Municipal Waste Combustors); subpart Cb of this part (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Time for Large Municipal Combustors); AAAA of this part
Page 3059
(Standards of Performance for Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units); or subpart BBBB of this part (Emission Guidelines for Small Municipal Waste Combustion Units).
(d) Medical waste incineration units. Incineration units regulated under subpart Ec of this part (Standards of Performance for Hospital/
Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators for Which Construction is Commenced After June 20, 1996) or subpart Ca of this part (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Hospital/Medical/Infectious Waste Incinerators).
(e) Small power production facilities. Units that meet the three requirements specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (e)(4) of this section.
(1) The unit qualifies as a small power-production facility under section 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(17)(C)).
(2) The unit burns homogeneous waste (not including refuse-derived fuel) to produce electricity.
(3) You submit documentation to the Administrator notifying the Agency that the qualifying small power production facility is combusting homogenous waste.
(4) You maintain the records specified in Sec. 60.2740(v).
(f) Cogeneration facilities. Units that meet the three requirements specified in paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(4) of this section.
(1) The unit qualifies as a cogeneration facility under section 3(18)(B) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(18)(B)).
(2) The unit burns homogeneous waste (not including refuse-derived fuel) to produce electricity and steam or other forms of energy used for industrial, commercial, heating, or cooling purposes.
(3) You submit documentation to the Administrator notifying the Agency that the qualifying cogeneration facility is combusting homogenous waste.
(4) You maintain the records specified in Sec. 60.2740(w).
(g) Hazardous waste combustion units. Units for which you are required to get a permit under section 3005 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act.
(h) Materials recovery units. Units that combust waste for the primary purpose of recovering metals, such as primary and secondary smelters.
(i) Air curtain incinerators. Air curtain incinerators that burn only the materials listed in paragraphs (i)(1) through (3) of this section are only required to meet the requirements under Sec. 60.2805 and under ``Air Curtain Incinerators'' (Sec. Sec. 60.2810 through 60.2870).
(1) 100 percent wood waste.
(2) 100 percent clean lumber.
(3) 100 percent mixture of only wood waste, clean lumber, and/or yard waste.
(j)-(l) Reserved
(m) Sewage treatment plants. Incineration units regulated under subpart O of this part (Standards of Performance for Sewage Treatment Plants).
(n) Sewage sludge incineration units. Incineration units combusting sewage sludge for the purpose of reducing the volume of the sewage sludge by removing combustible matter that are subject to subpart LLLL of this part (Standards of Performance for Sewage Sludge Incineration Units) or subpart MMMM of this part (Emission Guidelines for Sewage Sludge Incineration Units).
(o) Other solid waste incineration units. Incineration units that are subject to subpart EEEE of this part (Standards of Performance for Other Solid Waste Incineration Units) or subpart FFFF of this part (Emission Guidelines and Compliance Times for Other Solid Waste Incineration Units).
Use of Model Rule
Sec. 60.2560 What is the ``model rule'' in this subpart?
(a) The model rule is the portion of these emission guidelines (Sec. Sec. 60.2575 through 60.2875) that addresses the regulatory requirements applicable to CISWI units. The model rule provides these requirements in regulation format. You must develop a state plan that is at least as protective as the model rule. You may use the model rule language as part of your state plan. Alternative language may be used in your state plan if you demonstrate that the alternative language is at least as protective as the model rule contained in this subpart.
(b) In the model rule of Sec. Sec. 60.2575 to 60.2875, ``you'' means the owner or operator of a CISWI unit.
Sec. 60.2565 How does the model rule relate to the required elements of my state plan?
Use the model rule to satisfy the state plan requirements specified in Sec. 60.2515(a)(4) and (5).
Sec. 60.2570 What are the principal components of the model rule?
The model rule contains the eleven major components listed in paragraphs (a) through (k) of this section.
(a) Increments of progress toward compliance.
(b) Waste management plan.
(c) Operator training and qualification.
(d) Emission limitations and operating limits.
(e) Performance testing.
(f) Initial compliance requirements.
(g) Continuous compliance requirements.
(h) Monitoring.
(i) Recordkeeping and reporting.
(j) Definitions.
(k) Tables.
Model Rule--Increments of Progress
Sec. 60.2575 What are my requirements for meeting increments of progress and achieving final compliance?
If you plan to achieve compliance more than 1 year following the effective date of state plan approval, you must meet the two increments of progress specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
(a) Submit a final control plan.
(b) Achieve final compliance.
Sec. 60.2580 When must I complete each increment of progress?
Table 1 of this subpart specifies compliance dates for each of the increments of progress.
Sec. 60.2585 What must I include in the notifications of achievement of increments of progress?
Your notification of achievement of increments of progress must include the three items specified in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section.
(a) Notification that the increment of progress has been achieved.
(b) Any items required to be submitted with each increment of progress.
(c) Signature of the owner or operator of the CISWI unit.
Sec. 60.2590 When must I submit the notifications of achievement of increments of progress?
Notifications for achieving increments of progress must be postmarked no later than 10 business days after the compliance date for the increment.
Sec. 60.2595 What if I do not meet an increment of progress?
If you fail to meet an increment of progress, you must submit a notification to the Administrator postmarked within 10 business days after the date for that increment of progress in table 1 of this subpart. You must inform the Administrator that you did not meet the increment, and you must continue to submit reports each subsequent calendar month until the increment of progress is met.
Sec. 60.2600 How do I comply with the increment of progress for submittal of a control plan?
For your control plan increment of progress, you must satisfy the two
Page 3060
requirements specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
(a) Submit the final control plan that includes the five items described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) A description of the devices for air pollution control and process changes that you will use to comply with the emission limitations and other requirements of this subpart.
(2) The type(s) of waste to be burned.
(3) The maximum design waste burning capacity.
(4) The anticipated maximum charge rate.
(5) If applicable, the petition for site-specific operating limits under Sec. 60.2680.
(b) Maintain an onsite copy of the final control plan.
Sec. 60.2605 How do I comply with the increment of progress for achieving final compliance?
For the final compliance increment of progress, you must complete all process changes and retrofit construction of control devices, as specified in the final control plan, so that, if the affected CISWI unit is brought online, all necessary process changes and air pollution control devices would operate as designed.
Sec. 60.2610 What must I do if I close my CISWI unit and then restart it?
(a) If you close your CISWI unit but will restart it prior to the final compliance date in your state plan, you must meet the increments of progress specified in Sec. 60.2575.
(b) If you close your CISWI unit but will restart it after your final compliance date, you must complete emission control retrofits and meet the emission limitations and operating limits on the date your unit restarts operation.
Sec. 60.2615 What must I do if I plan to permanently close my CISWI unit and not restart it?
If you plan to close your CISWI unit rather than comply with the state plan, submit a closure notification, including the date of closure, to the Administrator by the date your final control plan is due.
Model Rule--Waste Management Plan
Sec. 60.2620 What is a waste management plan?
A waste management plan is a written plan that identifies both the feasibility and the methods used to reduce or separate certain components of solid waste from the waste stream in order to reduce or eliminate toxic emissions from incinerated waste.
Sec. 60.2625 When must I submit my waste management plan?
You must submit a waste management plan no later than the date specified in table 1 of this subpart for submittal of the final control plan.
Sec. 60.2630 What should I include in my waste management plan?
A waste management plan must include consideration of the reduction or separation of waste-stream elements such as paper, cardboard, plastics, glass, batteries, or metals; or the use of recyclable materials. The plan must identify any additional waste management measures, and the source must implement those measures considered practical and feasible, based on the effectiveness of waste management measures already in place, the costs of additional measures, the emissions reductions expected to be achieved, and any other environmental or energy impacts they might have.
Model Rule--Operator Training and Qualification
Sec. 60.2635 What are the operator training and qualification requirements?
(a) No CISWI unit can be operated unless a fully trained and qualified CISWI unit operator is accessible, either at the facility or can be at the facility within 1 hour. The trained and qualified CISWI unit operator may operate the CISWI unit directly or be the direct supervisor of one or more other plant personnel who operate the unit. If all qualified CISWI unit operators are temporarily not accessible, you must follow the procedures in Sec. 60.2665.
(b) Operator training and qualification must be obtained through a state-approved program or by completing the requirements included in paragraph (c) of this section.
(c) Training must be obtained by completing an incinerator operator training course that includes, at a minimum, the three elements described in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Training on the eleven subjects listed in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (xi) of this section.
(i) Environmental concerns, including types of emissions.
(ii) Basic combustion principles, including products of combustion.
(iii) Operation of the specific type of incinerator to be used by the operator, including proper startup, waste charging, and shutdown procedures.
(iv) Combustion controls and monitoring.
(v) Operation of air pollution control equipment and factors affecting performance (if applicable).
(vi) Inspection and maintenance of the incinerator and air pollution control devices.
(vii) Actions to prevent and correct malfunctions or to prevent conditions that may lead to malfunctions.
(viii) Bottom and fly ash characteristics and handling procedures.
(ix) Applicable federal, state, and local regulations, including Occupational Safety and Health Administration workplace standards.
(x) Pollution prevention.
(xi) Waste management practices.
(2) An examination designed and administered by the instructor.
(3) Written material covering the training course topics that can serve as reference material following completion of the course.
Sec. 60.2640 When must the operator training course be completed?
The operator training course must be completed by the later of the three dates specified in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section.
(a) The final compliance date (Increment 2).
(b) Six months after CISWI unit startup.
(c) Six months after an employee assumes responsibility for operating the CISWI unit or assumes responsibility for supervising the operation of the CISWI unit.
Sec. 60.2645 How do I obtain my operator qualification?
(a) You must obtain operator qualification by completing a training course that satisfies the criteria under Sec. 60.2635(b).
(b) Qualification is valid from the date on which the training course is completed and the operator successfully passes the examination required under Sec. 60.2635(c)(2).
Sec. 60.2650 How do I maintain my operator qualification?
To maintain qualification, you must complete an annual review or refresher course covering, at a minimum, the five topics described in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section.
(a) Update of regulations.
(b) Incinerator operation, including startup and shutdown procedures, waste charging, and ash handling.
(c) Inspection and maintenance.
(d) Prevention and correction of malfunctions or conditions that may lead to malfunction.
(e) Discussion of operating problems encountered by attendees.
Sec. 60.2655 How do I renew my lapsed operator qualification?
You must renew a lapsed operator qualification by one of the two methods
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specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
(a) For a lapse of less than 3 years, you must complete a standard annual refresher course described in Sec. 60.2650.
(b) For a lapse of 3 years or more, you must repeat the initial qualification requirements in Sec. 60.2645(a).
Sec. 60.2660 What site-specific documentation is required?
(a) Documentation must be available at the facility and readily accessible for all CISWI unit operators that addresses the ten topics described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (10) of this section. You must maintain this information and the training records required by paragraph (c) of this section in a manner that they can be readily accessed and are suitable for inspection upon request.
(1) Summary of the applicable standards under this subpart.
(2) Procedures for receiving, handling, and charging waste.
(3) Incinerator startup, shutdown, and malfunction procedures.
(4) Procedures for maintaining proper combustion air supply levels.
(5) Procedures for operating the incinerator and associated air pollution control systems within the standards established under this subpart.
(6) Monitoring procedures for demonstrating compliance with the incinerator operating limits.
(7) Reporting and recordkeeping procedures.
(8) The waste management plan required under Sec. Sec. 60.2620 through 60.2630.
(9) Procedures for handling ash.
(10) A list of the wastes burned during the performance test.
(b) You must establish a program for reviewing the information listed in paragraph (a) of this section with each incinerator operator.
(1) The initial review of the information listed in paragraph (a) of this section must be conducted by the later of the three dates specified in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) The final compliance date (Increment 2).
(ii) Six months after CISWI unit startup.
(iii) Six months after being assigned to operate the CISWI unit.
(2) Subsequent annual reviews of the information listed in paragraph (a) of this section must be conducted no later than 12 months following the previous review.
(c) You must also maintain the information specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Records showing the names of CISWI unit operators who have completed review of the information in Sec. 60.2660(a) as required by Sec. 60.2660(b), including the date of the initial review and all subsequent annual reviews.
(2) Records showing the names of the CISWI operators who have completed the operator training requirements under Sec. 60.2635, met the criteria for qualification under Sec. 60.2645, and maintained or renewed their qualification under Sec. 60.2650 or Sec. 60.2655. Records must include documentation of training, the dates of the initial refresher training, and the dates of their qualification and all subsequent renewals of such qualifications.
(3) For each qualified operator, the phone and/or pager number at which they can be reached during operating hours.
Sec. 60.2665 What if all the qualified operators are temporarily not accessible?
If all qualified operators are temporarily not accessible (i.e., not at the facility and not able to be at the facility within 1 hour), you must meet one of the two criteria specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, depending on the length of time that a qualified operator is not accessible.
(a) When all qualified operators are not accessible for more than 8 hours, but less than 2 weeks, the CISWI unit may be operated by other plant personnel familiar with the operation of the CISWI unit who have completed a review of the information specified in Sec. 60.2660(a) within the past 12 months. However, you must record the period when all qualified operators were not accessible and include this deviation in the annual report as specified under Sec. 60.2770.
(b) When all qualified operators are not accessible for 2 weeks or more, you must take the two actions that are described in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) Notify the Administrator of this deviation in writing within 10 days. In the notice, state what caused this deviation, what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible, and when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be accessible.
(2) Submit a status report to the Administrator every 4 weeks outlining what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible, stating when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be accessible and requesting approval from the Administrator to continue operation of the CISWI unit. You must submit the first status report 4 weeks after you notify the Administrator of the deviation under paragraph (b)(1) of this section. If the Administrator notifies you that your request to continue operation of the CISWI unit is disapproved, the CISWI unit may continue operation for 90 days, then must cease operation. Operation of the unit may resume if you meet the two requirements in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) A qualified operator is accessible as required under Sec. 60.2635(a).
(ii) You notify the Administrator that a qualified operator is accessible and that you are resuming operation.
Model Rule--Emission Limitations and Operating Limits
Sec. 60.2670 What emission limitations must I meet and by when?
(a) You must meet the emission limitations for each CISWI unit, including bypass stack or vent, specified in table 2 of this subpart or tables 6 through 9 of this subpart by the final compliance date under the approved state plan, federal plan, or delegation, as applicable. The emission limitations apply at all times the unit is operating including and not limited to startup, shutdown, or malfunction.
(b) Units that do not use wet scrubbers must maintain opacity to less than or equal to the percent opacity (three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values) specified in table 2 of this subpart, as applicable.
Sec. 60.2675 What operating limits must I meet and by when?
(a) If you use a wet scrubber(s) to comply with the emission limitations, you must establish operating limits for up to four operating parameters (as specified in table 3 of this subpart) as described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section during the initial performance test.
(1) Maximum charge rate, calculated using one of the two different procedures in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or (ii), as appropriate.
(i) For continuous and intermittent units, maximum charge rate is 110 percent of the average charge rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limitations.
(ii) For batch units, maximum charge rate is 110 percent of the daily charge rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limitations.
(2) Minimum pressure drop across the wet particulate matter scrubber, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average pressure drop across the wet scrubber measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating
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compliance with the particulate matter emission limitations; or minimum amperage to the wet scrubber, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average amperage to the wet scrubber measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the particulate matter emission limitations.
(3) Minimum scrubber liquid flow rate, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average liquid flow rate at the inlet to the wet acid gas or particulate matter scrubber measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with all applicable emission limitations.
(4) Minimum scrubber liquor pH, which is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average liquor pH at the inlet to the wet acid gas scrubber measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the HCl emission limitation.
(b) You must meet the operating limits established during the initial performance test on the date the initial performance test is required or completed (whichever is earlier). You must conduct an initial performance evaluation of each continuous monitoring system and continuous parameter monitoring system within 60 days of installation of the monitoring system.
(c) If you use a fabric filter to comply with the emission limitations, you must operate each fabric filter system such that the bag leak detection system alarm does not sound more than 5 percent of the operating time during a 6-month period. In calculating this operating time percentage, if inspection of the fabric filter demonstrates that no corrective action is required, no alarm time is counted. If corrective action is required, each alarm shall be counted as a minimum of 1 hour. If you take longer than 1 hour to initiate corrective action, the alarm time shall be counted as the actual amount of time taken by you to initiate corrective action.
(d) If you use an electrostatic precipitator to comply with the emission limitations, you must measure the (secondary) voltage and amperage of the electrostatic precipitator collection plates during the particulate matter performance test. Calculate the average electric power value (secondary voltage x secondary current = secondary electric power) for each test run. The operating limit for the electrostatic precipitator is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average secondary electric power measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the particulate matter emission limitations.
(e) If you use activated carbon sorbent injection to comply with the emission limitations, you must measure the sorbent flow rate during the performance testing. The operating limit for the carbon sorbent injection is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average sorbent flow rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the mercury emission limitations. For energy recovery units, when your unit operates at lower loads, multiply your sorbent injection rate by the load fraction, as defined in this subpart, to determine the required injection rate (e.g., for 50 percent load, multiply the injection rate operating limit by 0.5).
(f) If you use selective noncatalytic reduction to comply with the emission limitations, you must measure the charge rate, the secondary chamber temperature (if applicable to your CISWI unit), and the reagent flow rate during the nitrogen oxides performance testing. The operating limits for the selective noncatalytic reduction are calculated as the highest 1-hour average charge rate, lowest secondary chamber temperature, and lowest reagent flow rate measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limitations.
(g) If you use a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations, you must measure the injection rate of each sorbent during the performance testing. The operating limit for the injection rate of each sorbent is calculated as the lowest 1-hour average injection rate of each sorbent measured during the most recent performance test demonstrating compliance with the hydrogen chloride emission limitations. For energy recovery units, when your unit operates at lower loads, multiply your sorbent injection rate by the load fraction, as defined in this subpart, to determine the required injection rate (e.g., for 50 percent load, multiply the injection rate operating limit by 0.5).
(h) If you do not use a wet scrubber, electrostatic precipitator, or fabric filter to comply with the emission limitations, and if you do not determine compliance with your particulate matter emission limitation with a particulate matter CEMS, you must maintain opacity to less than or equal to ten percent opacity (1-hour block average).
(i) If you use a PM CPMS to demonstrate compliance, you must establish your PM CPMS operating limit and determine compliance with it according to paragraphs (i)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compliance with the PM limit, record all hourly average output values (milliamps, or the digital signal equivalent) from the PM CPMS for the periods corresponding to the test runs (e.g., three 1-hour average PM CPMS output values for three 1-hour test runs).
(i) Your PM CPMS must provide a 4-20 milliamp output, or the digital signal equivalent, and the establishment of its relationship to manual reference method measurements must be determined in units of milliamps or digital bits.
(ii) Your PM CPMS operating range must be capable of reading PM concentrations from zero to a level equivalent to at least two times your allowable emission limit. If your PM CPMS is an auto-ranging instrument capable of multiple scales, the primary range of the instrument must be capable of reading PM concentration from zero to a level equivalent to two times your allowable emission limit.
(iii) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compliance with the PM limit, record and average all milliamp output values, or their digital equivalent, from the PM CPMS for the periods corresponding to the compliance test runs (e.g., average all your PM CPMS output values for three corresponding 2-hour Method 5I test runs).
(2) If the average of your three PM performance test runs are below 75 percent of your PM emission limit, you must calculate an operating limit by establishing a relationship of PM CPMS signal to PM concentration using the PM CPMS instrument zero, the average PM CPMS values corresponding to the three compliance test runs, and the average PM concentration from the Method 5 or performance test with the procedures in (i)(1)through (5) of this section.
(i) Determine your instrument zero output with one of the following procedures:
(A) Zero point data for in-situ instruments should be obtained by removing the instrument from the stack and monitoring ambient air on a test bench.
(B) Zero point data for extractive instruments should be obtained by removing the extractive probe from the stack and drawing in clean ambient air.
(C) The zero point can also can be established obtained by performing manual reference method measurements when the flue gas is free of PM emissions or contains very low PM concentrations (e.g., when your process is not operating, but the fans are operating or your source is combusting only natural gas) and plotting these with the compliance data to find the zero intercept.
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(D) If none of the steps in paragraphs (i)(2)(i)(A) through (i)(2)(i)(C) of this section are possible, you must use a zero output value provided by the manufacturer.
(ii) Determine your PM CPMS instrument average in milliamps, or the digital equivalent, and the average of your corresponding three PM compliance test runs, using equation 1.
GRAPHIC TIFF OMITTED TP21JA15.014
Where:
X1 = the PM CPMS data points for the three runs constituting the performance test,
Y1 = the PM concentration value for the three runs constituting the performance test, and
n = the number of data points.
(iii) With your instrument zero expressed in milliamps, or the digital equivalent, your three run average PM CPMS milliamp or digital value, and your three run average PM concentration from your three compliance tests, determine a relationship of mg/dscm per milliamp, or per digital signal equivalent, with equation 2.
GRAPHIC TIFF OMITTED TP21JA15.015
Where:
R = the relative mg/dscm per milliamp, or the digital equivalent, for your PM CPMS,
Y1 = the three run average mg/dscm PM concentration,
X1 = the three run average milliamp output, or the digital equivalent, from you PM CPMS, and
z = the milliamp or digital signal equivalent of your instrument zero determined from paragraph (i)(2)(i) of this section.
(iv) Determine your source specific 30-day rolling average operating limit using the mg/dscm per milliamp value, or per digital signal equivalent, from equation 2 in equation 3, below. This sets your operating limit at the PM CPMS output value corresponding to 75 percent of your emission limit.
GRAPHIC TIFF OMITTED TP21JA15.016
Where:
Ol = the operating limit for your PM CPMS on a 30-day rolling average, in milliamps or digital bits.
L = your source emission limit expressed in mg/dscm,
z = your instrument zero in milliamps or digital bits, determined from paragraph (i)(2)(i) of this section, and
R = the relative mg/dscm per milliamp, or per digital bits, for your PM CPMS, from equation 2.
(3) If the average of your three PM compliance test runs is at or above 75 percent of your PM emission limit you must determine your operating limit by averaging the PM CPMS milliamp or digital signal output corresponding to your three PM performance test runs that demonstrate compliance with the emission limit using equation 4 and you must submit all compliance test and PM CPMS data according to the reporting requirements in paragraph (i)(5) of this section.
GRAPHIC TIFF OMITTED TP21JA15.017
Where:
X1 = the PM CPMS data points for all runs i,
n = the number of data points, and
Oh = your site specific operating limit, in milliamps or digital bits.
(4) To determine continuous compliance, you must record the PM CPMS output data for all periods when the process is operating and the PM CPMS is not out-of-control. You must demonstrate continuous compliance by using all quality-assured hourly average data collected by the PM CPMS for all operating hours to calculate the arithmetic average operating parameter in units of the operating limit (e.g., milliamps or digital bits, PM concentration, raw data signal) on a 30-day rolling average basis.
(5) For PM performance test reports used to set a PM CPMS operating limit, the electronic submission of the test report must also include the make and model of the PM CPMS instrument, serial number of the instrument, analytical principle of the instrument (e.g., beta attenuation), span of the instruments primary analytical range, milliamp or digital signal value equivalent to the instrument zero output, technique by which this zero value was determined, and the average milliamp or digital signals corresponding to each PM compliance test run.
Sec. 60.2680 What if I do not use a wet scrubber, fabric filter, activated carbon injection, selective noncatalytic reduction, an electrostatic precipitator, or a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations?
(a) If you use an air pollution control device other than a wet scrubber, activated carbon injection, selective noncatalytic reduction, fabric filter, an electrostatic precipitator, or a dry scrubber or limit emissions in some other manner, including mass balances, to comply with the emission limitations under Sec. 60.2670, you must petition the
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EPA Administrator for specific operating limits to be established during the initial performance test and continuously monitored thereafter. You must submit the petition at least sixty days before the performance test is scheduled to begin. Your petition must include the five items listed in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) Identification of the specific parameters you propose to use as additional operating limits.
(2) A discussion of the relationship between these parameters and emissions of regulated pollutants, identifying how emissions of regulated pollutants change with changes in these parameters and how limits on these parameters will serve to limit emissions of regulated pollutants.
(3) A discussion of how you will establish the upper and/or lower values for these parameters which will establish the operating limits on these parameters.
(4) A discussion identifying the methods you will use to measure and the instruments you will use to monitor these parameters, as well as the relative accuracy and precision of these methods and instruments.
(5) A discussion identifying the frequency and methods for recalibrating the instruments you will use for monitoring these parameters.
(b) Reserved
Model Rule--Performance Testing
Sec. 60.2690 How do I conduct the initial and annual performance test?
(a) All performance tests must consist of a minimum of three test runs conducted under conditions representative of normal operations.
(b) You must document that the waste burned during the performance test is representative of the waste burned under normal operating conditions by maintaining a log of the quantity of waste burned (as required in Sec. 60.2740(b)(1)) and the types of waste burned during the performance test.
(c) All performance tests must be conducted using the minimum run duration specified in tables 2 and 6 through 9 of this subpart.
(d) Method 1 of appendix A of this part must be used to select the sampling location and number of traverse points.
(e) Method 3A or 3B of appendix A of this part must be used for gas composition analysis, including measurement of oxygen concentration. Method 3A or 3B of appendix A of this part must be used simultaneously with each method.
(f) All pollutant concentrations, except for opacity, must be adjusted to 7 percent oxygen using equation 5 of this section:
GRAPHIC TIFF OMITTED TP21JA15.018
Where:
Cadj = pollutant concentration adjusted to 7 percent oxygen;
Cmeas = pollutant concentration measured on a dry basis;
(20.9-7) = 20.9 percent oxygen--7 percent oxygen (defined oxygen correction basis);
20.9 = oxygen concentration in air, percent; and
%O2 = oxygen concentration measured on a dry basis, percent.
(g) You must determine dioxins/furans toxic equivalency by following the procedures in paragraphs (g)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Measure the concentration of each dioxin/furan tetra- through octa-isomer emitted using EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.
(2) Quantify isomers meeting identification criteria 2, 3, 4, and 5 in Section 5.3.2.5 of Method 23, regardless of whether the isomers meet identification criteria 1 and 7. You must quantify the isomers per Section 9.0 of Method 23. (Note: You may reanalyze the sample aliquot or split to reduce the number of isomers not meeting identification criteria 1 or 7 of Section 5.3.2.5.)
(3) For each dioxin/furan (tetra- through octa-chlorinated) isomer measured in accordance with paragraph (g)(1) and (2) of this section, multiply the isomer concentration by its corresponding toxic equivalency factor specified in table 4 of this subpart.
(4) Sum the products calculated in accordance with paragraph (g)(3) of this section to obtain the total concentration of dioxins/furans emitted in terms of toxic equivalency.
(h) Method 22 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 must be used to determine compliance with the fugitive ash emission limit in table 2 of this subpart or tables 6 through 9 of this subpart.
(i) If you have an applicable opacity operating limit, you must determine compliance with the opacity limit using Method 9 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4, based on three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values, unless you are required to install a continuous opacity monitoring system, consistent with Sec. 60.2710 and Sec. 60.2730.
(j) You must determine dioxins/furans total mass basis by following the procedures in paragraphs (j)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Measure the concentration of each dioxin/furan tetra- through octa-chlorinated isomer emitted using EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7.
(2) Quantify isomers meeting identification criteria 2, 3, 4, and 5 in Section 5.3.2.5 of Method 23, regardless of whether the isomers meet identification criteria 1 and 7. You must quantify the isomers per Section 9.0 of Method 23. (Note: You may reanalyze the sample aliquot or split to reduce the number of isomers not meeting identification criteria 1 or 7 of Section 5.3.2.5.)
(3) Sum the quantities measured in accordance with paragraphs (j)(1) and (2) of this section to obtain the total concentration of dioxins/furans emitted in terms of total mass basis.
Sec. 60.2695 How are the performance test data used?
You use results of performance tests to demonstrate compliance with the emission limitations in table 2 of this subpart or tables 6 through 9 of this subpart.
Model Rule--Initial Compliance Requirements
Sec. 60.2700 How do I demonstrate initial compliance with the amended emission limitations and establish the operating limits?
You must conduct a performance test, as required under Sec. Sec. 60.2690 and 60.2670, to determine compliance with the emission limitations in table 2 of this subpart and tables 6 through 9 of this subpart, to establish compliance with any opacity operating limits in Sec. 60.2675, to establish the kiln-specific emission limit in Sec. 60.2710(y), as applicable, and to establish operating limits using the procedures in Sec. 60.2675 or Sec. 60.2680. The performance test must be conducted using the test methods listed in table 2 of this subpart and tables 6 through 9 of this subpart and the procedures in Sec. 60.2690. The use of the bypass stack during a performance test shall invalidate the performance test. You must conduct a performance evaluation of each continuous
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monitoring system within 60 days of installation of the monitoring system.
Sec. 60.2705 By what date must I conduct the initial performance test?
(a) The initial performance test must be conducted no later than 180 days after your final compliance date. Your final compliance date is specified in table 1 of this subpart.
(b) If you commence or recommence combusting a solid waste at an existing combustion unit at any commercial or industrial facility and you conducted a test consistent with the provisions of this subpart while combusting the given solid waste within the 6 months preceding the reintroduction of that solid waste in the combustion chamber, you do not need to retest until 6 months from the date you reintroduce that solid waste.
(c) If you commence or recommence combusting a solid waste at an existing combustion unit at any commercial or industrial facility and you have not conducted a performance test consistent with the provisions of this subpart while combusting the given solid waste within the 6 months preceding the reintroduction of that solid waste in the combustion chamber, you must conduct a performance test within 60 days from the date you reintroduce solid waste.
Sec. 60.2706 By what date must I conduct the initial air pollution control device inspection?
(a) The initial air pollution control device inspection must be conducted within 60 days after installation of the control device and the associated CISWI unit reaches the charge rate at which it will operate, but no later than 180 days after the final compliance date for meeting the amended emission limitations.
(b) Within 10 operating days following an air pollution control device inspection, all necessary repairs must be completed unless the owner or operator obtains written approval from the state agency establishing a date whereby all necessary repairs of the designated facility must be completed.
Model Rule--Continuous Compliance Requirements
Sec. 60.2710 How do I demonstrate continuous compliance with the amended emission limitations and the operating limits?
(a) Compliance with standards. (1) The emission standards and operating requirements set forth in this subpart apply at all times.
(2) If you cease combusting solid waste you may opt to remain subject to the provisions of this subpart. Consistent with the definition of CISWI unit, you are subject to the requirements of this subpart at least 6 months following the last date of solid waste combustion. Solid waste combustion is ceased when solid waste is not in the combustion chamber (i.e., the solid waste feed to the combustor has been cut off for a period of time not less than the solid waste residence time).
(3) If you cease combusting solid waste you must be in compliance with any newly applicable standards on the effective date of the waste-
to-fuel switch. The effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch is a date selected by you, that must be at least 6 months from the date that you ceased combusting solid waste, consistent with Sec. 60.2710(a)(2). Your source must remain in compliance with this subpart until the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch.
(4) If you own or operate an existing commercial or industrial combustion unit that combusted a fuel or non-waste material, and you commence or recommence combustion of solid waste, you are subject to the provisions of this subpart as of the first day you introduce or reintroduce solid waste to the combustion chamber, and this date constitutes the effective date of the fuel-to-waste switch. You must complete all initial compliance demonstrations for any Section 112 standards that are applicable to your facility before you commence or recommence combustion of solid waste. You must provide 30 days prior notice of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch. The notification must identify:
(i) The name of the owner or operator of the CISWI unit, the location of the source, the emissions unit(s) that will cease burning solid waste, and the date of the notice;
(ii) The currently applicable subcategory under this subpart, and any 40 CFR part 63 subpart and subcategory that will be applicable after you cease combusting solid waste;
(iii) The fuel(s), non-waste material(s) and solid waste(s) the CISWI unit is currently combusting and has combusted over the past 6 months, and the fuel(s) or non-waste materials the unit will commence combusting;
(iv) The date on which you became subject to the currently applicable emission limits;
(v) The date upon which you will cease combusting solid waste, and the date (if different) that you intend for any new requirements to become applicable (i.e., the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch), consistent with paragraphs (a)(2) and (3) of this section.
(5) All air pollution control equipment necessary for compliance with any newly applicable emissions limits which apply as a result of the cessation or commencement or recommencement of combusting solid waste must be installed and operational as of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel, or fuel-to-waste switch.
(6) All monitoring systems necessary for compliance with any newly applicable monitoring requirements which apply as a result of the cessation or commencement or recommencement of combusting solid waste must be installed and operational as of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel, or fuel-to-waste switch. All calibration and drift checks must be performed as of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel, or fuel-to-waste switch. Relative accuracy tests must be performed as of the performance test deadline for PM CEMS (if PM CEMS are elected to demonstrate continuous compliance with the particulate matter emission limits). Relative accuracy testing for other CEMS need not be repeated if that testing was previously performed consistent with section 112 monitoring requirements or monitoring requirements under this subpart.
(b) You must conduct an annual performance test for the pollutants listed in table 2 of this subpart or tables 6 through 9 of this subpart and opacity for each CISWI unit as required under Sec. 60.2690. The annual performance test must be conducted using the test methods listed in table 2 of this subpart or tables 6 through 9 of this subpart and the procedures in Sec. 60.2690. Opacity must be measured using EPA Reference Method 9 at 40 CFR part 60. Annual performance tests are not required if you use CEMS or continuous opacity monitoring systems to determine compliance.
(c) You must continuously monitor the operating parameters specified in Sec. 60.2675 or established under Sec. 60.2680 and as specified in Sec. 60.2735. Operation above the established maximum or below the established minimum operating limits constitutes a deviation from the established operating limits. Three-hour block average values are used to determine compliance (except for baghouse leak detection system alarms) unless a different averaging period is established under Sec. 60.2680 or, for energy recovery units, where the averaging time for each operating parameter is a 30-day rolling, calculated each hour as the average of the previous 720 operating hours over the previous 30 days of operation. Operation above the established maximum, below the established minimum, or outside the allowable range of the operating limits specified in paragraph (a) of this section
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constitutes a deviation from your operating limits established under this subpart, except during performance tests conducted to determine compliance with the emission and operating limits or to establish new operating limits. Operating limits are confirmed or reestablished during performance tests.
(d) You must burn only the same types of waste and fuels used to establish subcategory applicability (for ERUs) and operating limits during the performance test.
(e) For energy recovery units, incinerators, and small remote units, you must perform annual visual emissions test for ash handling.
(f) For energy recovery units, you must conduct an annual performance test for opacity using EPA Reference Method 9 at 40 CFR part 60 (except where particulate matter continuous monitoring system or continuous parameter monitoring systems are used) and the pollutants listed in table 7 of this subpart.
(g) For facilities using a CEMS to demonstrate compliance with the carbon monoxide emission limit, compliance with the carbon monoxide emission limit may be demonstrated by using the CEMS according to the following requirements:
(1) You must measure emissions according to Sec. 60.13 to calculate 1-hour arithmetic averages, corrected to 7 percent oxygen. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. You must demonstrate initial compliance with the carbon monoxide emissions limit using a 30-day rolling average of the 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, calculated using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7.
(2) Operate the carbon monoxide continuous emissions monitoring system in accordance with the applicable requirements of performance specification 4A of appendix B and the quality assurance procedures of appendix F of this part.
(h) Coal and liquid/gas energy recovery units with annual average heat input rates greater than 250 MMBtu/hr may elect to demonstrate continuous compliance with the particulate matter emissions limit using a particulate matter CEMS according to the procedures in Sec. 60.2730(n) instead of the continuous parameter monitoring system specified in Sec. 60.2710(i). Coal and liquid/gas energy recovery units with annual average heat input rates less than 250 MMBtu/hr, incinerators, and small remote incinerators may also elect to demonstrate compliance using a particulate matter CEMS according to the procedures in Sec. 60.2730(n) instead of particulate matter testing with EPA Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 and, if applicable, the continuous opacity monitoring requirements in paragraph (i) of this section.
(i) For energy recovery units with annual average heat input rates greater than or equal to 10 MMBTU/hour but less than 250 MMBtu/hr you must install, operate, certify and maintain a continuous opacity monitoring system (COMS) according to the procedures in Sec. 60.2730.
(j) For waste-burning kilns, you must conduct an annual performance test for the pollutants (except mercury and particulate matter, and hydrogen chloride if no acid gas wet scrubber is used) listed in table 8 of this subpart. If your waste-burning kiln is not equipped with a wet scrubber or dry scrubber, you must determine compliance with the hydrogen chloride emission limit using a CEMS as specified in Sec. 60.2730. You must determine compliance with particulate matter using CPMS. You must determine compliance with the mercury emissions limit using a mercury CEMS according to the following requirements:
(1) Operate a CEMS in accordance with performance specification 12A at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B or a sorbent trap based integrated monitor in accordance with performance specification 12B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B. The duration of the performance test must be a calendar month. For each calendar month in which the waste-burning kiln operates, hourly mercury concentration data and stack gas volumetric flow rate data must be obtained. You must demonstrate compliance with the mercury emissions limit using a 30-day rolling average of these 1-
hour mercury concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, calculated using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 of this part. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content.
(2) Owners or operators using a mercury continuous emissions monitoring systems must install, operate, calibrate and maintain an instrument for continuously measuring and recording the mercury mass emissions rate to the atmosphere according to the requirements of performance specifications 6 and 12A at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B and quality assurance procedure 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix F.
(3) The owner or operator of a waste-burning kiln must demonstrate initial compliance by operating a mercury CEMS while the raw mill of the in-line kiln/raw mill is operating under normal conditions and including at least one period when the raw mill is off.
(k) If you use an air pollution control device to meet the emission limitations in this subpart, you must conduct an initial and annual inspection of the air pollution control device. The inspection must include, at a minimum, the following:
(1) Inspect air pollution control device(s) for proper operation.
(2) Develop a site-specific monitoring plan according to the requirements in paragraph (l) of this section. This requirement also applies to you if you petition the EPA Administrator for alternative monitoring parameters under Sec. 60.13(i).
(l) For each CMS required in this section, you must develop and submit to the EPA Administrator for approval a site-specific monitoring plan according to the requirements of this paragraph (l) that addresses paragraphs (l)(1)(i) through (vi) of this section.
(1) You must submit this site-specific monitoring plan at least 60 days before your initial performance evaluation of your continuous monitoring system.
(i) Installation of the continuous monitoring system sampling probe or other interface at a measurement location relative to each affected process unit such that the measurement is representative of control of the exhaust emissions (e.g., on or downstream of the last control device).
(ii) Performance and equipment specifications for the sample interface, the pollutant concentration or parametric signal analyzer and the data collection and reduction systems.
(iii) Performance evaluation procedures and acceptance criteria (e.g., calibrations).
(iv) Ongoing operation and maintenance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of Sec. 60.11(d).
(v) Ongoing data quality assurance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of Sec. 60.13.
(vi) Ongoing recordkeeping and reporting procedures in accordance with the general requirements of Sec. 60.7(b), (c), (c)(1), (c)(4), (d), (e), (f) and (g).
(2) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each continuous
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monitoring system in accordance with your site-specific monitoring plan.
(3) You must operate and maintain the continuous monitoring system in continuous operation according to the site-specific monitoring plan.
(m) If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a flow monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and (m)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Install the flow sensor and other necessary equipment in a position that provides a representative flow.
(2) Use a flow sensor with a measurement sensitivity at full scale of no greater than 2 percent.
(3) Minimize the effects of swirling flow or abnormal velocity distributions due to upstream and downstream disturbances.
(4) Conduct a flow monitoring system performance evaluation in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.
(n) If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a pressure monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and (n)(1) through (6) of this section.
(1) Install the pressure sensor(s) in a position that provides a representative measurement of the pressure (e.g., PM scrubber pressure drop).
(2) Minimize or eliminate pulsating pressure, vibration, and internal and external corrosion.
(3) Use a pressure sensor with a minimum tolerance of 1.27 centimeters of water or a minimum tolerance of 1 percent of the pressure monitoring system operating range, whichever is less.
(4) Perform checks at the frequency outlined in your site-specific monitoring plan to ensure pressure measurements are not obstructed (e.g., check for pressure tap pluggage daily).
(5) Conduct a performance evaluation of the pressure monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.
(6) If at any time the measured pressure exceeds the manufacturer's specified maximum operating pressure range, conduct a performance evaluation of the pressure monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan and confirm that the pressure monitoring system continues to meet the performance requirements in your monitoring plan. Alternatively, install and verify the operation of a new pressure sensor.
(o) If you have an operating limit that requires a pH monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and (o)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Install the pH sensor in a position that provides a representative measurement of scrubber effluent pH.
(2) Ensure the sample is properly mixed and representative of the fluid to be measured.
(3) Conduct a performance evaluation of the pH monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at least once each process operating day.
(4) Conduct a performance evaluation (including a two-point calibration with one of the two buffer solutions having a pH within 1 of the pH of the operating limit) of the pH monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than quarterly.
(p) If you have an operating limit that requires a secondary electric power monitoring system for an electrostatic precipitator, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and (p)(1) through (2) of this section.
(1) Install sensors to measure (secondary) voltage and current to the precipitator collection plates.
(2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the electric power monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.
(q) If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a monitoring system to measure sorbent injection rate (e.g., weigh belt, weigh hopper, or hopper flow measurement device), you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (l) and (q)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Install the system in a position(s) that provides a representative measurement of the total sorbent injection rate.
(2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the sorbent injection rate monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.
(r) If you elect to use a fabric filter bag leak detection system to comply with the requirements of this subpart, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate a bag leak detection system as specified in paragraphs (l) and (r)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) Install a bag leak detection sensor(s) in a position(s) that will be representative of the relative or absolute particulate matter loadings for each exhaust stack, roof vent, or compartment (e.g., for a positive pressure fabric filter) of the fabric filter.
(2) Use a bag leak detection system certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matter emissions at concentrations of 10 milligrams per actual cubic meter or less.
(3) Conduct a performance evaluation of the bag leak detection system in accordance with your monitoring plan and consistent with the guidance provided in EPA-454/R-98-015 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17).
(4) Use a bag leak detection system equipped with a device to continuously record the output signal from the sensor.
(5) Use a bag leak detection system equipped with a system that will sound an alarm when an increase in relative particulate matter emissions over a preset level is detected. The alarm must be located where it is observed readily by plant operating personnel.
(s) For facilities using a CEMS to demonstrate compliance with the sulfur dioxide emission limit, compliance with the sulfur dioxide emission limit may be demonstrated by using the CEMS specified in Sec. 60.2730 to measure sulfur dioxide. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. You must calculate a 30-day rolling average of the 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. The sulfur dioxide CEMS must be operated according to performance specification 2 in appendix B of this part and must follow the procedures and methods specified in this paragraph(s). For sources that have actual inlet emissions less than 100 parts per million dry volume, the relative accuracy criterion for inlet sulfur dioxide CEMS should be no greater than 20 percent of the mean value of the reference method test data in terms of the units of the emission standard, or 5 parts per million dry volume absolute value of the mean difference between the reference method and the CEMS, whichever is greater.
(1) During each relative accuracy test run of the CEMS required by performance specification 2 in appendix B of this part, collect sulfur dioxide and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) data concurrently (or within a 30- to 60-minute period) with both the CEMS and the test methods specified in paragraphs (s)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) For sulfur dioxide, EPA Reference Method 6 or 6C, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17) must be used.
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(ii) For oxygen (or carbon dioxide), EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17), as applicable, must be used.
(2) The span value of the CEMS at the inlet to the sulfur dioxide control device must be 125 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential sulfur dioxide emissions of the unit subject to this rule. The span value of the CEMS at the outlet of the sulfur dioxide control device must be 50 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential sulfur dioxide emissions of the unit subject to this rule.
(3) Conduct accuracy determinations quarterly and calibration drift tests daily in accordance with procedure 1 in appendix F of this part.
(t) For facilities using a CEMS to demonstrate continuous compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limit, compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limit may be demonstrated by using the CEMS specified in Sec. 60.2730 to measure nitrogen oxides. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. You must calculate a 30-day rolling average of the 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentration using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. The nitrogen oxides CEMS must be operated according to performance specification 2 in appendix B of this part and must follow the procedures and methods specified in paragraphs (t)(1) through (t)(5) of this section.
(1) During each relative accuracy test run of the CEMS required by performance specification 2 of appendix B of this part, collect nitrogen oxides and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) data concurrently (or within a 30- to 60-minute period) with both the CEMS and the test methods specified in paragraphs (t)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) For nitrogen oxides, EPA Reference Method 7 or 7E at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4 must be used.
(ii) For oxygen (or carbon dioxide), EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17), as applicable, must be used.
(2) The span value of the CEMS must be 125 percent of the maximum estimated hourly potential nitrogen oxide emissions of unit.
(3) Conduct accuracy determinations quarterly and calibration drift tests daily in accordance with procedure 1 in appendix F of this part.
(4) The owner or operator of an affected facility may request that compliance with the nitrogen oxides emission limit be determined using carbon dioxide measurements corrected to an equivalent of 7 percent oxygen. If carbon dioxide is selected for use in diluent corrections, the relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide levels must be established during the initial performance test according to the procedures and methods specified in paragraphs (t)(4)(i) through (t)(4)(iv) of this section. This relationship may be reestablished during performance compliance tests.
(i) The fuel factor equation in Method 3B must be used to determine the relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide at a sampling location. Method 3A, 3B, or as an alternative ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17), as applicable, must be used to determine the oxygen concentration at the same location as the carbon dioxide monitor.
(ii) Samples must be taken for at least 30 minutes in each hour.
(iii) Each sample must represent a 1-hour average.
(iv) A minimum of 3 runs must be performed.
(u) For facilities using a continuous emissions monitoring system to demonstrate continuous compliance with any of the emission limits of this subpart, you must complete the following:
(1) Demonstrate compliance with the appropriate emission limit(s) using a 30-day rolling average of 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, calculated using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content.
(2) Operate all CEMS in accordance with the applicable procedures under appendices B and F of this part.
(v) Use of the bypass stack at any time is an emissions standards deviation for particulate matter, HCl, Pb, Cd, Hg, NOX, SO2, and dioxin/furans.
(w) For energy recovery units with a design heat input capacity of 100 MMBtu per hour or greater that do not use a carbon monoxide CEMS, you must install, operate, and maintain an oxygen analyzer system as defined in Sec. 60.2875 according to the procedures in paragraphs (w)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) The oxygen analyzer system must be installed by the initial performance test date specified in Sec. 60.2675.
(2) You must operate the oxygen trim system within compliance with paragraph (w)(3) of this section at all times.
(3) You must maintain the oxygen level such that the 30-day rolling average that is established as the operating limit for oxygen is not below the lowest hourly average oxygen concentration measured during the most recent CO performance test.
(4) You must calculate and record a 30-day rolling average oxygen concentration using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 of Appendix A-7 of this part.
(x) For energy recovery units with annual average heat input rates greater than or equal to 250 MMBtu/hour and waste-burning kilns, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a PM CPMS and record the output of the system as specified in paragraphs (x)(1) through (8) of this section. For other energy recovery units, you may elect to use PM CPMS operated in accordance with this section. PM CPMS are suitable in lieu of using other CMS for monitoring PM compliance (e.g., bag leak detectors, ESP secondary power, PM scrubber pressure).
(1) Install, calibrate, operate, and maintain your PM CPMS according to the procedures in your approved site-specific monitoring plan developed in accordance with paragraphs (l) and (x)(1)(i) through (x)(1)(iii) of this section.
(i) The operating principle of the PM CPMS must be based on in-
stack or extractive light scatter, light scintillation, beta attenuation, or mass accumulation of the exhaust gas or representative sample. The reportable measurement output from the PM CPMS must be expressed as milliamps or the digital signal equivalent.
(ii) The PM CPMS must have a cycle time (i.e., period required to complete sampling, measurement, and reporting for each measurement) no longer than 60 minutes.
(iii) The PM CPMS must be capable of detecting and responding to particulate matter concentrations increments no greater than 0.5 mg/
actual cubic meter.
(2) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compliance with the PM limit, you must adjust the site-specific operating limit in accordance with the results of the performance test according to the procedures specified in Sec. 60.2675.
(3) Collect PM CPMS hourly average output data for all energy recovery unit
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or waste-burning kiln operating hours. Express the PM CPMS output as milliamps or the digital signal equivalent.
(4) Calculate the arithmetic 30-day rolling average of all of the hourly average PM CPMS output collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours data (milliamps, or digital bits).
(5) You must collect data using the PM CPMS at all times the energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln is operating and at the intervals specified in paragraph (x)(1)(ii) of this section, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments), and any scheduled maintenance as defined in your site-specific monitoring plan.
(6) You must use all the data collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours in assessing the compliance with your operating limit except:
(i) Any data collected during monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during monitoring system malfunctions are not used in calculations (report any such periods in your annual deviation report);
(ii) Any data collected during periods when the monitoring system is out of control as specified in your site-specific monitoring plan, repairs associated with periods when the monitoring system is out of control, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during out-of-control periods are not used in calculations (report emissions or operating levels and report any such periods in your annual deviation report);
(iii) Any PM CPMS data recorded during periods of CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart.
(7) You must record and make available upon request results of PM CPMS system performance audits, as well as the dates and duration of periods from when the PM CPMS is out of control until completion of the corrective actions necessary to return the PM CPMS to operation consistent with your site-specific monitoring plan.
(8) For any deviation of the 30-day rolling average PM CPMS average value from the established operating parameter limit, you must:
(i) Within 48 hours of the deviation, visually inspect the air pollution control device;
(ii) If inspection of the air pollution control device identifies the cause of the deviation, take corrective action as soon as possible and return the PM CPMS measurement to within the established value; and
(iii) Within 30 days of the deviation or at the time of the annual compliance test, whichever comes first, conduct a PM emissions compliance test to determine compliance with the PM emissions limit and to verify. Within 45 days of the deviation, you must re-establish the CPMS operating limit. You are not required to conduct additional testing for any deviations that occur between the time of the original deviation and the PM emissions compliance test required under this paragraph.
(iv) PM CPMS deviations leading to more than four required performance tests in a 12-month process operating period (rolling monthly) constitute a violation of this subpart.
(y) When there is an alkali bypass and/or an in-line coal mill that exhaust emissions through a separate stack, the combined emissions are subject to the emission limits applicable to waste-burning kilns. To determine the kiln-specific emission limit for demonstrating compliance, you must:
(1) Calculate a kiln-specific emission limit using equation 6:
GRAPHIC TIFF OMITTED TP21JA15.019
Where:
Cks = Kiln stack concentration (ppmvd, mg/dscm, ng/dscm, depending on pollutant. Each corrected to 7% O2.)
Qab = Alkali bypass flow rate (volume/hr)
Cab = Alkali bypass concentration (ppmvd, mg/dscm, ng/
dscm, depending on pollutant. Each corrected to 7% O2.)
Qcm = In-line coal mill flow rate (volume/hr)
Ccm = In-line coal mill concentration (ppmvd, mg/dscm, ng/dscm, depending on pollutant. Each corrected to 7% O2.)
Qks = Kiln stack flow rate (volume/hr)
(2) Particulate matter concentration must be measured downstream of the in-line coal mill. All other pollutant concentrations must be measured either upstream or downstream of the in-line coal mill.
Sec. 60.2715 By what date must I conduct the annual performance test?
You must conduct annual performance tests between 11 and 13 months of the previous performance test.
Sec. 60.2716 By what date must I conduct the annual air pollution control device inspection?
On an annual basis (no more than 12 months following the previous annual air pollution control device inspection), you must complete the air pollution control device inspection as described in Sec. 60.2706.
Sec. 60.2720 May I conduct performance testing less often?
(a) You must conduct annual performance tests according to the schedule specified in Sec. 60.2715, with the following exceptions:
(1) You may conduct a repeat performance test at any time to establish new values for the operating limits to apply from that point forward, as specified in Sec. 60.2725. The Administrator may request a repeat performance test at any time.
(2) You must repeat the performance test within 60 days of a process change, as defined in Sec. 60.2875.
(3) If the initial or any subsequent performance test for any pollutant in table 2 or tables 6 through 9 of this subpart, as applicable, demonstrates that the emission level for the pollutant is no greater than the emission level specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) or (a)(3)(ii) of this section, as applicable, and you are not required to conduct a performance test for the pollutant in response to a request by the Administrator in paragraph (a)(1) of this section or a process change in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, you may elect to skip conducting a performance test for the pollutant for the next 2 years. You must conduct a performance test for the pollutant during the third year and no more than 37 months following the previous performance test for the pollutant. For cadmium and lead, both cadmium and lead must be emitted at emission levels no greater than their respective emission levels specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section for you
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to qualify for less frequent testing under this paragraph.
(i) For particulate matter, hydrogen chloride, mercury, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, cadmium, lead, and dioxins/
furans, the emission level equal to 75 percent of the applicable emission limit in table 2 or tables 6 through 9 of this subpart, as applicable, to this subpart.
(ii) For fugitive emissions, visible emissions (of combustion ash from the ash conveying system) for 2 percent of the time during each of the three 1-hour observation periods.
(4) If you are conducting less frequent testing for a pollutant as provided in paragraph (a)(3) of this section and a subsequent performance test for the pollutant indicates that your CISWI unit does not meet the emission level specified in paragraph (a)(3)(i) or (a)(3)(ii) of this section, as applicable, you must conduct annual performance tests for the pollutant according to the schedule specified in paragraph (a) of this section until you qualify for less frequent testing for the pollutant as specified in paragraph (a)(3) of this section.
(b) Reserved
Sec. 60.2725 May I conduct a repeat performance test to establish new operating limits?
(a) Yes. You may conduct a repeat performance test at any time to establish new values for the operating limits. The Administrator may request a repeat performance test at any time.
(b) You must repeat the performance test if your feed stream is different than the feed streams used during any performance test used to demonstrate compliance.
Model Rule--Monitoring
Sec. 60.2730 What monitoring equipment must I install and what parameters must I monitor?
(a) If you are using a wet scrubber to comply with the emission limitation under Sec. 60.2670, you must install, calibrate (to manufacturers' specifications), maintain, and operate devices (or establish methods) for monitoring the value of the operating parameters used to determine compliance with the operating limits listed in table 3 of this subpart. These devices (or methods) must measure and record the values for these operating parameters at the frequencies indicated in table 3 of this subpart at all times except as specified in Sec. 60.2735(a).
(b) If you use a fabric filter to comply with the requirements of this subpart, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate a bag leak detection system as specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (8) of this section.
(1) You must install and operate a bag leak detection system for each exhaust stack of the fabric filter.
(2) Each bag leak detection system must be installed, operated, calibrated, and maintained in a manner consistent with the manufacturer's written specifications and recommendations.
(3) The bag leak detection system must be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting particulate matter emissions at concentrations of 10 milligrams per actual cubic meter or less.
(4) The bag leak detection system sensor must provide output of relative or absolute particulate matter loadings.
(5) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with a device to continuously record the output signal from the sensor.
(6) The bag leak detection system must be equipped with an alarm system that will alert automatically an operator when an increase in relative particulate matter emission over a preset level is detected. The alarm must be located where it is observed easily by plant operating personnel.
(7) For positive pressure fabric filter systems, a bag leak detection system must be installed in each baghouse compartment or cell. For negative pressure or induced air fabric filters, the bag leak detector must be installed downstream of the fabric filter.
(8) Where multiple detectors are required, the system's instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detectors.
(c) If you are using something other than a wet scrubber, activated carbon, selective non-catalytic reduction, an electrostatic precipitator, or a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limitations under Sec. 60.2670, you must install, calibrate (to the manufacturers' specifications), maintain, and operate the equipment necessary to monitor compliance with the site-specific operating limits established using the procedures in Sec. 60.2680.
(d) If you use activated carbon injection to comply with the emission limitations in this subpart, you must measure the minimum sorbent flow rate once per hour.
(e) If you use selective noncatalytic reduction to comply with the emission limitations, you must complete the following:
(1) Following the date on which the initial performance test is completed or is required to be completed under Sec. 60.2690, whichever date comes first, ensure that the affected facility does not operate above the maximum charge rate, or below the minimum secondary chamber temperature (if applicable to your CISWI unit) or the minimum reagent flow rate measured as 3-hour block averages at all times.
(2) Operation of the affected facility above the maximum charge rate, below the minimum secondary chamber temperature and below the minimum reagent flow rate simultaneously constitute a violation of the nitrogen oxides emissions limit.
(f) If you use an electrostatic precipitator to comply with the emission limits of this subpart, you must monitor the secondary power to the electrostatic precipitator collection plates and maintain the 3-
hour block averages at or above the operating limits established during the mercury or particulate matter performance test.
(g) For waste-burning kilns not equipped with a wet scrubber or dry scrubber, in place of hydrogen chloride testing with EPA Method 321 at 40 CFR part 63, appendix A, an owner or operator must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS for monitoring hydrogen chloride emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. To demonstrate continuous compliance with the hydrogen chloride emissions limit for units other than waste-burning kilns not equipped with a wet scrubber or dry scrubber, a facility may substitute use of a hydrogen chloride CEMS for conducting the hydrogen chloride annual performance test, monitoring the minimum hydrogen chloride sorbent flow rate, monitoring the minimum scrubber liquor pH.
(h) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the particulate matter emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a particulate matter CEMS for conducting the particulate matter annual performance test and other CMS monitoring for PM compliance (e.g., bag leak detectors, ESP secondary power, PM scrubber pressure).
(i) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the dioxin/furan emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the dioxin/furan annual performance test. You must record the output of the system and analyze the sample according to EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7. This option to use a continuous automated sampling system takes effect on the date a final performance specification applicable to dioxin/furan from continuous monitors is published in the Federal Register. The owner or operator who elects to continuously sample dioxin/furan emissions instead of
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sampling and testing using EPA Method 23 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-
7 must install, calibrate, maintain and operate a continuous automated sampling system and must comply with the requirements specified in Sec. 60.58b(p) and (q). A facility may substitute continuous dioxin/
furan monitoring for the minimum sorbent flow rate, if activated carbon sorbent injection is used solely for compliance with the dioxin/furan emission limit.
(j) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the mercury emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the mercury annual performance test. You must record the output of the system and analyze the sample at set intervals using any suitable determinative technique that can meet performance specification 12B criteria. This option to use a continuous automated sampling system takes effect on the date a final performance specification applicable to mercury from monitors is published in the Federal Register. The owner or operator who elects to continuously sample mercury emissions instead of sampling and testing using EPA Method 29 or 30B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-8, ASTM D6784-02 (Reapproved 2008) (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17), or an approved alternative method for measuring mercury emissions, must install, calibrate, maintain and operate a continuous automated sampling system and must comply with the requirements specified in Sec. 60.58b(p) and (q). A facility may substitute continuous mercury monitoring for the minimum sorbent flow rate, if activated carbon sorbent injection is used solely for compliance with the mercury emission limit.
(k) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the nitrogen oxides emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a CEMS for the nitrogen oxides annual performance test to demonstrate compliance with the nitrogen oxides emissions limits and monitoring the charge rate, secondary chamber temperature and reagent flow for selective noncatalytic reduction, if applicable.
(1) Install, calibrate, maintain and operate a CEMS for measuring nitrogen oxides emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The requirements under performance specification 2 of appendix B of this part, the quality assurance procedure 1 of appendix F of this part and the procedures under Sec. 60.13 must be followed for installation, evaluation and operation of the CEMS.
(2) Following the date that the initial performance test for nitrogen oxides is completed or is required to be completed under Sec. 60.2690, compliance with the emission limit for nitrogen oxides required under Sec. 60.52b(d) must be determined based on the 30-day rolling average of the hourly emission concentrations using CEMS outlet data. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be expressed in parts per million by volume corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and used to calculate the 30-day rolling average concentrations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under Sec. 60.13(e)(2).
(l) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the sulfur dioxide emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the sulfur dioxide annual performance test to demonstrate compliance with the sulfur dioxide emissions limits.
(1) Install, calibrate, maintain and operate a CEMS for measuring sulfur dioxide emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The requirements under performance specification 2 of appendix B of this part, the quality assurance requirements of procedure 1 of appendix F of this part and the procedures under Sec. 60.13 must be followed for installation, evaluation and operation of the CEMS.
(2) Following the date that the initial performance test for sulfur dioxide is completed or is required to be completed under Sec. 60.2690, compliance with the sulfur dioxide emission limit may be determined based on the 30-day rolling average of the hourly arithmetic average emission concentrations using CEMS outlet data. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be expressed in parts per million corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and used to calculate the 30-day rolling average emission concentrations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under Sec. 60.13(e)(2).
(m) For energy recovery units over 10 MMBtu/hr but less than 250 MMBtu/hr annual average heat input rates that do not use a wet scrubber, fabric filter with bag leak detection system, or particulate matter CEMS, you must install, operate, certify and maintain a continuous opacity monitoring system according to the procedures in paragraphs (m)(1) through (5) of this section by the compliance date specified in Sec. 60.2670. Energy recovery units that use a particulate matter CEMS to demonstrate initial and continuing compliance according to the procedures in Sec. 60.2730(n) are not required to install a continuous opacity monitoring system and must perform the annual performance tests for opacity consistent with Sec. 60.2710(f).
(1) Install, operate and maintain each continuous opacity monitoring system according to performance specification 1 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B.
(2) Conduct a performance evaluation of each continuous opacity monitoring system according to the requirements in Sec. 60.13 and according to performance specification 1 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B.
(3) As specified in Sec. 60.13(e)(1), each continuous opacity monitoring system must complete a minimum of one cycle of sampling and analyzing for each successive 10-second period and one cycle of data recording for each successive 6-minute period.
(4) Reduce the continuous opacity monitoring system data as specified in Sec. 60.13(h)(1).
(5) Determine and record all the 6-minute averages (and 1-hour block averages as applicable) collected.
(n) For coal and liquid/gas energy recovery units, incinerators, and small remote incinerators, an owner or operator may elect to install, calibrate, maintain and operate a CEMS for monitoring particulate matter emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The owner or operator of an affected facility who continuously monitors particulate matter emissions instead of conducting performance testing using EPA Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 or, as applicable, monitor with a particulate matter CPMS according to paragraph (r) of this section, must install, calibrate, maintain and operate a CEMS and must comply with the requirements specified in paragraphs (n)(1) through (13) of this section.
(1) Notify the Administrator 1 month before starting use of the system.
(2) Notify the Administrator 1 month before stopping use of the system.
(3) The monitor must be installed, evaluated and operated in accordance with the requirements of performance specification 11 of appendix B of this part and quality assurance requirements of procedure 2 of appendix F of this part and Sec. 60.13.
(4) The initial performance evaluation must be completed no later than 180 days after the final compliance date for
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meeting the amended emission limitations, as specified under Sec. 60.2690 or within 180 days of notification to the Administrator of use of the continuous monitoring system if the owner or operator was previously determining compliance by Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 performance tests, whichever is later.
(5) The owner or operator of an affected facility may request that compliance with the particulate matter emission limit be determined using carbon dioxide measurements corrected to an equivalent of 7 percent oxygen. The relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide levels for the affected facility must be established according to the procedures and methods specified in Sec. 60.2710(s)(5)(i) through (s)(5)(iv).
(6) The owner or operator of an affected facility must conduct an initial performance test for particulate matter emissions as required under Sec. 60.2690. Compliance with the particulate matter emission limit, if PM CEMS are elected for demonstrating compliance, must be determined by using the CEMS specified in paragraph (n) of this section to measure particulate matter. You must calculate a 30-day rolling average of 1-hour arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 of this part.
(7) Compliance with the particulate matter emission limit must be determined based on the 30-day rolling average calculated using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, Appendix A-7 of the part from the 1-hour arithmetic average of the CEMS outlet data.
(8) At a minimum, valid continuous monitoring system hourly averages must be obtained as specified Sec. 60.2735.
(9) The 1-hour arithmetic averages required under paragraph (n)(7) of this section must be expressed in milligrams per dry standard cubic meter corrected to 7 percent oxygen (or carbon dioxide)(dry basis) and must be used to calculate the 30-day rolling average emission concentrations. CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under Sec. 60.13(e)(2).
(10) All valid CEMS data must be used in calculating average emission concentrations even if the minimum CEMS data requirements of paragraph (n)(8) of this section are not met.
(11) The CEMS must be operated according to performance specification 11 in appendix B of this part.
(12) During each relative accuracy test run of the CEMS required by performance specification 11 in appendix B of this part, particulate matter and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) data must be collected concurrently (or within a 30-to 60-minute period) by both the CEMS and the following test methods.
(i) For particulate matter, EPA Reference Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 must be used.
(ii) For oxygen (or carbon dioxide), EPA Reference Method 3A or 3B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-2, as applicable, must be used.
(13) Quarterly accuracy determinations and daily calibration drift tests must be performed in accordance with procedure 2 in appendix F of this part.
(o) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the carbon monoxide emissions limit, a facility may substitute use of a continuous automated sampling system for the carbon monoxide annual performance test to demonstrate compliance with the carbon monoxide emissions limits.
(1) Install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS for measuring carbon monoxide emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system. The requirements under performance specification 4B of appendix B of this part, the quality assurance procedure 1 of appendix F of this part and the procedures under Sec. 60.13 must be followed for installation, evaluation, and operation of the CEMS.
(2) Following the date that the initial performance test for carbon monoxide is completed or is required to be completed under Sec. 60.2690, compliance with the carbon monoxide emission limit may be determined based on the 30-day rolling average of the hourly arithmetic average emission concentrations, including CEMS data during startup and shutdown as defined in this subpart, using CEMS outlet data. Except for CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart, the 1-hour arithmetic averages must be expressed in parts per million corrected to 7 percent oxygen (dry basis) and used to calculate the 30-
day rolling average emission concentrations. CEMS data collected during startup or shutdown, as defined in this subpart, are not corrected to 7 percent oxygen, and are measured at stack oxygen content. The 1-hour arithmetic averages must be calculated using the data points required under Sec. 60.13(e)(2).
(p) The owner/operator of an affected source with a bypass stack shall install, calibrate (to manufacturers' specifications), maintain and operate a device or method for measuring the use of the bypass stack including date, time and duration.
(q) For energy recovery units with a heat input capacity of 100 MMBtu per hour or greater that do not use a carbon monoxide CEMS, you must install, operate and maintain the continuous oxygen monitoring system as defined in Sec. 60.2875 according to the procedures in paragraphs (q)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) The oxygen analyzer system must be installed by the initial performance test date specified in Sec. 60.2675.
(2) You must operate the oxygen trim system within compliance with paragraph (q)(3) of this section at all times.
(3) You must maintain the oxygen level such that the 30-day rolling average that is established as the operating limit for oxygen according to paragraph (q)(4) of this section is not below the lowest hourly average oxygen concentration measured during the most recent CO performance test.
(4) You must calculate and record a 30-day rolling average oxygen concentration using equation 19-19 in section 12.4.1 of EPA Reference Method 19 of Appendix A-7 of this part.
(r) For energy recovery units with annual average heat input rates greater than or equal to 250 MMBtu/hour and waste-burning kilns, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a PM CPMS and record the output of the system as specified in paragraphs (r)(1) through (8) of this section. For other energy recovery units, you may elect to use PM CPMS operated in accordance with this section. PM CPMS are suitable in lieu of using other CMS for monitoring PM compliance (e.g., bag leak detectors, ESP secondary power, PM scrubber pressure).
(1) Install, calibrate, operate, and maintain your PM CPMS according to the procedures in your approved site-specific monitoring plan developed in accordance with Sec. 60.2710(l) and (r)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) The operating principle of the PM CPMS must be based on in-
stack or extractive light scatter, light scintillation, beta attenuation, or mass accumulation of the exhaust gas or representative sample. The reportable measurement output from the PM CPMS must be expressed as milliamps or the digital signal equivalent.
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(ii) The PM CPMS must have a cycle time (i.e., period required to complete sampling, measurement, and reporting for each measurement) no longer than 60 minutes.
(iii) The PM CPMS must be capable of detecting and responding to particulate matter concentrations increments no greater than 0.5 mg/
actual cubic meter.
(2) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compliance with the PM limit, you must adjust the site-specific operating limit in accordance with the results of the performance test according to the procedures specified in Sec. 60.2675.
(3) Collect PM CPMS hourly average output data for all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours. Express the PM CPMS output as milliamps or the digital signal equivalent.
(4) Calculate the arithmetic 30-day rolling average of all of the hourly average PM CPMS output collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours data (milliamps, or the digital signal equivalent).
(5) You must collect data using the PM CPMS at all times the energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln is operating and at the intervals specified in paragraph (r)(1)(ii) of this section, except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments), and any scheduled maintenance as defined in your site-specific monitoring plan.
(6) You must use all the data collected during all energy recovery unit or waste-burning kiln operating hours in assessing the compliance with your operating limit except:
(i) Any data collected during monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during monitoring system malfunctions are not used in calculations (report any such periods in your annual deviation report);
(ii) Any data collected during periods when the monitoring system is out of control as specified in your site-specific monitoring plan, repairs associated with periods when the monitoring system is out of control, or required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities conducted during out-of-control periods are not used in calculations (report emissions or operating levels and report any such periods in your annual deviation report);
(iii) Any PM CPMS data recorded during periods of CEMS data during startup and shutdown, as defined in this subpart.
(7) You must record and make available upon request results of PM CPMS system performance audits, as well as the dates and duration of periods from when the PM CPMS is out of control until completion of the corrective actions necessary to return the PM CPMS to operation consistent with your site-specific monitoring plan.
(8) For any deviation of the 30-day rolling average PM CPMS average value from the established operating parameter limit, you must:
(i) Within 48 hours of the deviation, visually inspect the air pollution control device;
(ii) If inspection of the air pollution control device identifies the cause of the deviation, take corrective action as soon as possible and return the PM CPMS measurement to within the established value; and
(iii) Within 30 days of the deviation or at the time of the annual compliance test, whichever comes first, conduct a PM emissions compliance test to determine compliance with the PM emissions limit and to verify the operation of the emissions control device(s). Within 45 days of the deviation, you must re-establish the CPMS operating limit. You are not required to conduct additional testing for any deviations that occur between the time of the original deviation and the PM emissions compliance test required under this paragraph.
(iv) PM CPMS deviations leading to more than four required performance tests in a 12-month process operating period (rolling monthly) constitute a violation of this subpart.
(s) If you use a dry scrubber to comply with the emission limits of this subpart, you must monitor the injection rate of each sorbent and maintain the 3-hour block averages at or above the operating limits established during the hydrogen chloride performance test.
Sec. 60.2735 Is there a minimum amount of monitoring data I must obtain?
For each continuous monitoring system required or optionally allowed under Sec. 60.2730, you must monitor and collect data according to this section:
(a) You must operate the monitoring system and collect data at all required intervals at all times compliance is required except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-
control periods (as specified in Sec. 60.2770(o)), and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments. A monitoring system malfunction is any sudden, infrequent, not reasonably preventable failure of the monitoring system to provide valid data. Monitoring system failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions. You are required to effect monitoring system repairs in response to monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods and to return the monitoring system to operation as expeditiously as practicable.
(b) You may not use data recorded during the monitoring system malfunctions, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions or out-of control periods, or required monitoring system quality assurance or control activities in calculations used to report emissions or operating levels. You must use all the data collected during all other periods in assessing the operation of the control device and associated control system.
(c) Except for periods of monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-
control periods, repairs associated with monitoring system malfunctions or out-of-control periods, and required monitoring system quality assurance or quality control activities including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments, failure to collect required data is a deviation of the monitoring requirements.
Model Rule--Recordkeeping and Reporting
Sec. 60.2740 What records must I keep?
You must maintain the items (as applicable) as specified in paragraphs (a), (b), and (e) through (w) of this section for a period of at least 5 years:
(a) Calendar date of each record.
(b) Records of the data described in paragraphs (b)(1) through (6) of this section:
(1) The CISWI unit charge dates, times, weights, and hourly charge rates.
(2) Liquor flow rate to the wet scrubber inlet every 15 minutes of operation, as applicable.
(3) Pressure drop across the wet scrubber system every 15 minutes of operation or amperage to the wet scrubber every 15 minutes of operation, as applicable.
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(4) Liquor pH as introduced to the wet scrubber every 15 minutes of operation, as applicable.
(5) For affected CISWI units that establish operating limits for controls other than wet scrubbers under Sec. 60.2675(d) through (g) or Sec. 60.2680, you must maintain data collected for all operating parameters used to determine compliance with the operating limits. For energy recovery units using activated carbon injection or a dry scrubber, you must also maintain records of the load fraction and corresponding sorbent injection rate records.
(6) If a fabric filter is used to comply with the emission limitations, you must record the date, time, and duration of each alarm and the time corrective action was initiated and completed, and a brief description of the cause of the alarm and the corrective action taken. You must also record the percent of operating time during each 6-month period that the alarm sounds, calculated as specified in Sec. 60.2675(c).
(c)-(d) Reserved
(e) Identification of calendar dates and times for which data show a deviation from the operating limits in table 3 of this subpart or a deviation from other operating limits established under Sec. 60.2675(d) through (g) or Sec. 60.2680 with a description of the deviations, reasons for such deviations, and a description of corrective actions taken.
(f) The results of the initial, annual, and any subsequent performance tests conducted to determine compliance with the emission limits and/or to establish operating limits, as applicable. Retain a copy of the complete test report including calculations.
(g) Records showing the names of CISWI unit operators who have completed review of the information in Sec. 60.2660(a) as required by Sec. 60.2660(b), including the date of the initial review and all subsequent annual reviews.
(h) Records showing the names of the CISWI operators who have completed the operator training requirements under Sec. 60.2635, met the criteria for qualification under Sec. 60.2645, and maintained or renewed their qualification under Sec. 60.2650 or Sec. 60.2655. Records must include documentation of training, the dates of the initial and refresher training, and the dates of their qualification and all subsequent renewals of such qualifications.
(i) For each qualified operator, the phone and/or pager number at which they can be reached during operating hours.
(j) Records of calibration of any monitoring devices as required under Sec. 60.2730.
(k) Equipment vendor specifications and related operation and maintenance requirements for the incinerator, emission controls, and monitoring equipment.
(l) The information listed in Sec. 60.2660(a).
(m) On a daily basis, keep a log of the quantity of waste burned and the types of waste burned (always required).
(n) Maintain records of the annual air pollution control device inspections that are required for each CISWI unit subject to the emissions limits in table 2 of this subpart or tables 6 through 9 of this subpart, any required maintenance and any repairs not completed within 10 days of an inspection or the timeframe established by the state regulatory agency.
(o) For continuously monitored pollutants or parameters, you must document and keep a record of the following parameters measured using continuous monitoring systems.
(1) All 6-minute average levels of opacity.
(2) All 1-hour average concentrations of sulfur dioxide emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown.
(3) All 1-hour average concentrations of nitrogen oxides emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown.
(4) All 1-hour average concentrations of carbon monoxide emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown.
(5) All 1-hour average concentrations of particulate matter emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown.
(6) All 1-hour average concentrations of mercury emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown.
(7) All 1-hour average concentrations of hydrogen chloride emissions. You must indicate which data are CEMS data during startup and shutdown.
(8) All 1-hour average percent oxygen concentrations.
(9) All 1-hour average PM CPMS readings or particulate matter CEMS outputs.
(p) Records indicating use of the bypass stack, including dates, times and durations.
(q) If you choose to stack test less frequently than annually, consistent with Sec. 60.2720(a) through (c), you must keep annual records that document that your emissions in the previous stack test(s) were less than 75 percent of the applicable emission limit and document that there was no change in source operations including fuel composition and operation of air pollution control equipment that would cause emissions of the relevant pollutant to increase within the past year.
(r) Records of the occurrence and duration of each malfunction of operation (i.e., process equipment) or the air pollution control and monitoring equipment.
(s) Records of all required maintenance performed on the air pollution control and monitoring equipment.
(t) Records of actions taken during periods of malfunction to minimize emissions in accordance with Sec. 60.11(d), including corrective actions to restore malfunctioning process and air pollution control and monitoring equipment to its normal or usual manner of operation.
(u) For operating units that combust non-hazardous secondary materials that have been determined not to be solid waste pursuant to Sec. 241.3(b)(1), you must keep a record which documents how the secondary material meets each of the legitimacy criteria under Sec. 241.3(d)(1). If you combust a fuel that has been processed from a discarded non-hazardous secondary material pursuant to Sec. 241.3(b)(4), you must keep records as to how the operations that produced the fuel satisfies the definition of processing in Sec. 241.2 and each of the legitimacy criteria in Sec. 241.3(d)(1) of this chapter. If the fuel received a non-waste determination pursuant to the petition process submitted under Sec. 241.3(c), you must keep a record that documents how the fuel satisfies the requirements of the petition process. For operating units that combust non-hazardous secondary materials as fuel per Sec. 241.4, you must keep records documenting that the material is a listed non-waste under Sec. 241.4(a).
(v) Records of the criteria used to establish that the unit qualifies as a small power production facility under section 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(17)(C)) and that the waste material the unit is proposed to burn is homogeneous.
(w) Records of the criteria used to establish that the unit qualifies as a cogeneration facility under section 3(18)(B) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(18)(B)) and that the waste material the unit is proposed to burn is homogeneous.
Sec. 60.2745 Where and in what format must I keep my records?
All records must be available onsite in either paper copy or computer-readable format that can be printed upon request,
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unless an alternative format is approved by the Administrator.
Sec. 60.2750 What reports must I submit?
See table 5 of this subpart for a summary of the reporting requirements.
Sec. 60.2755 When must I submit my waste management plan?
You must submit the waste management plan no later than the date specified in table 1 of this subpart for submittal of the final control plan.
Sec. 60.2760 What information must I submit following my initial performance test?
You must submit the information specified in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section no later than 60 days following the initial performance test. All reports must be signed by the facilities manager.
(a) The complete test report for the initial performance test results obtained under Sec. 60.2700, as applicable.
(b) The values for the site-specific operating limits established in Sec. 60.2675 or Sec. 60.2680.
(c) If you are using a fabric filter to comply with the emission limitations, documentation that a bag leak detection system has been installed and is being operated, calibrated, and maintained as required by Sec. 60.2730(b).
Sec. 60.2765 When must I submit my annual report?
You must submit an annual report no later than 12 months following the submission of the information in Sec. 60.2760. You must submit subsequent reports no more than 12 months following the previous report. (If the unit is subject to permitting requirements under title V of the Clean Air Act, you may be required by the permit to submit these reports more frequently.)
Sec. 60.2770 What information must I include in my annual report?
The annual report required under Sec. 60.2765 must include the ten items listed in paragraphs (a) through (j) of this section. If you have a deviation from the operating limits or the emission limitations, you must also submit deviation reports as specified in Sec. Sec. 60.2775, 60.2780, and 60.2785.
(a) Company name and address.
(b) Statement by a responsible official, with that official's name, title, and signature, certifying the accuracy of the content of the report.
(c) Date of report and beginning and ending dates of the reporting period.
(d) The values for the operating limits established pursuant to Sec. 60.2675 or Sec. 60.2680.
(e) If no deviation from any emission limitation or operating limit that applies to you has been reported, a statement that there was no deviation from the emission limitations or operating limits during the reporting period.
(f) The highest recorded 3-hour average and the lowest recorded 3-
hour average, as applicable, for each operating parameter recorded for the calendar year being reported.
(g) Information recorded under Sec. 60.2740(b)(6) and (c) through (e) for the calendar year being reported.
(h) For each performance test conducted during the reporting period, if any performance test is conducted, the process unit(s) tested, the pollutant(s) tested and the date that such performance test was conducted. Submit, following the procedure specified in Sec. 60.2795(b)(1), the performance test report no later than the date that you submit the annual report.
(i) If you met the requirements of Sec. 60.2720(a) or (b), and did not conduct a performance test during the reporting period, you must state that you met the requirements of Sec. 60.2720(a) or (b), and, therefore, you were not required to conduct a performance test during the reporting period.
(j) Documentation of periods when all qualified CISWI unit operators were unavailable for more than 8 hours, but less than 2 weeks.
(k) If you had a malfunction during the reporting period, the compliance report must include the number, duration, and a brief description for each type of malfunction that occurred during the reporting period and that caused or may have caused any applicable emission limitation to be exceeded. The report must also include a description of actions taken by an owner or operator during a malfunction of an affected source to minimize emissions in accordance with Sec. 60.11(d), including actions taken to correct a malfunction.
(l) For each deviation from an emission or operating limitation that occurs for a CISWI unit for which you are not using a CMS to comply with the emission or operating limitations in this subpart, the annual report must contain the following information.
(1) The total operating time of the CISWI unit at which the deviation occurred during the reporting period.
(2) Information on the number, duration, and cause of deviations (including unknown cause, if applicable), as applicable, and the corrective action taken.
(m) If there were periods during which the continuous monitoring system, including the CEMS, was out of control as specified in paragraph (o) of this section, the annual report must contain the following information for each deviation from an emission or operating limitation occurring for a CISWI unit for which you are using a continuous monitoring system to comply with the emission and operating limitations in this subpart.
(1) The date and time that each malfunction started and stopped.
(2) The date, time, and duration that each CMS was inoperative, except for zero (low-level) and high-level checks.
(3) The date, time, and duration that each continuous monitoring system was out-of-control, including start and end dates and hours and descriptions of corrective actions taken.
(4) The date and time that each deviation started and stopped, and whether each deviation occurred during a period of malfunction or during another period.
(5) A summary of the total duration of the deviation during the reporting period, and the total duration as a percent of the total source operating time during that reporting period.
(6) A breakdown of the total duration of the deviations during the reporting period into those that are due to control equipment problems, process problems, other known causes, and other unknown causes.
(7) A summary of the total duration of continuous monitoring system downtime during the reporting period, and the total duration of continuous monitoring system downtime as a percent of the total operating time of the CISWI unit at which the continuous monitoring system downtime occurred during that reporting period.
(8) An identification of each parameter and pollutant that was monitored at the CISWI unit.
(9) A brief description of the CISWI unit.
(10) A brief description of the continuous monitoring system.
(11) The date of the latest continuous monitoring system certification or audit.
(12) A description of any changes in continuous monitoring system, processes, or controls since the last reporting period.
(n) If there were periods during which the continuous monitoring system, including the CEMS, was not out of control as specified in paragraph (o) of this section, a statement that there were not periods during which the continuous monitoring system was out of control during the reporting period.
(o) A continuous monitoring system is out of control if any of the following occur.
(1) The zero (low-level), mid-level (if applicable), or high-level calibration drift exceeds two times the applicable
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calibration drift specification in the applicable performance specification or in the relevant standard.
(2) The continuous monitoring system fails a performance test audit (e.g., cylinder gas audit), relative accuracy audit, relative accuracy test audit, or linearity test audit.
(3) The continuous opacity monitoring system calibration drift exceeds two times the limit in the applicable performance specification in the relevant standard.
(p) For energy recovery units, include the annual heat input and average annual heat input rate of all fuels being burned in the unit to verify which subcategory of energy recovery unit applies.
Sec. 60.2775 What else must I report if I have a deviation from the operating limits or the emission limitations?
(a) You must submit a deviation report if any recorded 3-hour average parameter level is above the maximum operating limit or below the minimum operating limit established under this subpart, if the bag leak detection system alarm sounds for more than 5 percent of the operating time for the 6-month reporting period, or if a performance test was conducted that deviated from any emission limitation.
(b) The deviation report must be submitted by August 1 of that year for data collected during the first half of the calendar year (January 1 to June 30), and by February 1 of the following year for data you collected during the second half of the calendar year (July 1 to December 31).
Sec. 60.2780 What must I include in the deviation report?
In each report required under Sec. 60.2775, for any pollutant or parameter that deviated from the emission limitations or operating limits specified in this subpart, include the four items described in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section.
(a) The calendar dates and times your unit deviated from the emission limitations or operating limit requirements.
(b) The averaged and recorded data for those dates.
(c) Durations and causes of the following:
(1) Each deviation from emission limitations or operating limits and your corrective actions.
(2) Bypass events and your corrective actions.
(d) A copy of the operating limit monitoring data during each deviation and for any test report that documents the emission levels the process unit(s) tested, the pollutant(s) tested and the date that the performance test was conducted. Submit, following the procedure specified in Sec. 60.2795(b)(1), the performance test report no later than the date that you submit the deviation report.
Sec. 60.2785 What else must I report if I have a deviation from the requirement to have a qualified operator accessible?
(a) If all qualified operators are not accessible for 2 weeks or more, you must take the two actions in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) Submit a notification of the deviation within 10 days that includes the three items in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) A statement of what caused the deviation.
(ii) A description of what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible.
(iii) The date when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be available.
(2) Submit a status report to the Administrator every 4 weeks that includes the three items in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) A description of what you are doing to ensure that a qualified operator is accessible.
(ii) The date when you anticipate that a qualified operator will be accessible.
(iii) Request approval from the Administrator to continue operation of the CISWI unit.
(b) If your unit was shut down by the Administrator, under the provisions of Sec. 60.2665(b)(2), due to a failure to provide an accessible qualified operator, you must notify the Administrator that you are resuming operation once a qualified operator is accessible.
Sec. 60.2790 Are there any other notifications or reports that I must submit?
(a) Yes. You must submit notifications as provided by Sec. 60.7.
(b) If you cease combusting solid waste but continue to operate, you must provide 30 days prior notice of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch, consistent with Sec. 60.2710(a). The notification must identify:
(1) The name of the owner or operator of the CISWI unit, the location of the source, the emissions unit(s) that will cease burning solid waste, and the date of the notice;
(2) The currently applicable subcategory under this subpart, and any 40 CFR part 63 subpart and subcategory that will be applicable after you cease combusting solid waste;
(3) The fuel(s), non-waste material(s) and solid waste(s) the CISWI unit is currently combusting and has combusted over the past 6 months, and the fuel(s) or non-waste materials the unit will commence combusting;
(4) The date on which you became subject to the currently applicable emission limits;
(5) The date upon which you will cease combusting solid waste, and the date (if different) that you intend for any new requirements to become applicable (i.e., the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch), consistent with paragraphs (b)(2) and (3) of this section.
Sec. 60.2795 In what form can I submit my reports?
(a) Submit initial, annual and deviation reports electronically on or before the submittal due dates. Submit the reports to the EPA via the Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI). (CEDRI can be accessed through the EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX) (http://cdx.epa.gov/epa_home.asp).) Use the appropriate electronic report in CEDRI for this subpart. Instead of using the electronic report in CEDRI for this subpart, you may submit an alternate electronic file format consistent with the extensible markup language (XML) schema listed on the CEDRI Web site (http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/cedri/index.html), once the XML schema is available. If the reporting form specific to this subpart is not available in CEDRI at the time that the report is due, submit the report to the Administrator at the appropriate address listed in Sec. 60.4. Begin submitting reports via CEDRI no later than 90 days after the form becomes available in CEDRI. The reports must be submitted by the deadlines specified in this subpart, regardless of the method in which the report is submitted.
(b) Submit results of each performance test and CEMS performance evaluation required by this subpart as follows.
(1) Within 60 days after the date of completing each performance test (see Sec. 60.8), submit the results of the performance test following the procedure specified in either paragraph (b)(1)(i) or (b)(1)(ii) of this section.
(i) For data collected using test methods supported by the EPA's Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) as listed on the EPA's ERT Web site (http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ert/index.html) at the time of the test, submit the results of the performance test to the EPA via the CEDRI. (CEDRI can be accessed through the EPA's CDX.) Performance test data must be submitted in a file format generated through the use of the EPA's ERT. Instead of submitting performance test
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data in a file format generated through the use of the EPA's ERT, you may submit an alternate electronic file format consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT Web site, once the XML schema is available. If you claim that some of the performance test information being submitted is confidential business information (CBI), submit a complete file generated through the use of the EPA's ERT (or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT Web site once the XML schema is available), including information claimed to be CBI, on a compact disc, flash drive, or other commonly used electronic storage media to the EPA. The electronic media must be clearly marked as CBI and mailed to U.S. EPA/OAQPS/CORE CBI Office, Attention: Group Leader, Measurement Policy Group, MD C404-02, 4930 Old Page Road, Durham, NC 27703. The same ERT or alternate file with the CBI omitted must be submitted to the EPA via the EPA's CDX as described earlier in this paragraph.
(ii) For data collected using test methods that are not supported by the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT Web site at the time of the test, submit the results of the performance test to the Administrator at the appropriate address listed in Sec. 60.4.
(2) Within 60 days after the date of completing each CEMS performance evaluation, submit the results of the performance evaluation following the procedure specified in either paragraph (b)(2)(i) or (b)(2)(ii) of this section.
(i) For performance evaluations of continuous monitoring systems measuring relative accuracy test audit (RATA) pollutants that are supported by the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT Web site at the time of the test, submit the results of the performance evaluation to the EPA via the CEDRI. (CEDRI can be accessed through the EPA's CDX.) Performance evaluation data must be submitted in a file format generated through the use of the EPA's ERT. Instead of submitting performance evaluation data in a file format generated through the use of the EPA's ERT, you may submit an alternate electronic file format consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT Web site, once the XML schema is available. If you claim that some of the performance evaluation information being submitted is CBI, submit a complete file generated through the use of the EPA's ERT (or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA's ERT Web site once the XML schema is available), including information claimed to be CBI, on a compact disc, flash drive, or other commonly used electronic storage media to the EPA. The electronic media must be clearly marked as CBI and mailed to U.S. EPA/OAQPS/CORE CBI Office, Attention: Group Leader, Measurement Policy Group, MD C404-02, 4930 Old Page Road, Durham, NC 27703. The same ERT or alternate file with the CBI omitted must be submitted to the EPA via the EPA's CDX as described earlier in this paragraph.
(ii) For any performance evaluations of continuous monitoring systems measuring RATA pollutants that are not supported by the EPA's ERT as listed on the EPA's ERT Web site at the time of the test, submit the results of the performance evaluation to the Administrator at the appropriate address listed in Sec. 60.4.
(c) All information required in this subpart to be submitted to the EPA must also be submitted in paper format to the appropriate state, local or tribal agency unless the state, local or tribal agency specifies another format. Information submitted in paper format must be postmarked no later than the date that the report is required to be submitted to the EPA's CDX electronically. Any information required to be submitted electronically to the EPA's CDX may, at the discretion of the state, local or tribal agency, satisfy the requirements of this paragraph.
Sec. 60.2800 Can reporting dates be changed?
If the Administrator agrees, you may change the semiannual or annual reporting dates. See Sec. 60.19(c) for procedures to seek approval to change your reporting date.
Model Rule--Title V Operating Permits
Sec. 60.2805 Am I required to apply for and obtain a Title V operating permit for my unit?
Yes. Each CISWI unit and air curtain incinerator subject to standards under this subpart must operate pursuant to a permit issued under Clean Air Act sections 129(e) and Title V.
Model Rule--Air Curtain Incinerators
Sec. 60.2810 What is an air curtain incinerator?
(a) An air curtain incinerator operates by forcefully projecting a curtain of air across an open chamber or open pit in which combustion occurs. Incinerators of this type can be constructed above or below ground and with or without refractory walls and floor. (Air curtain incinerators are not to be confused with conventional combustion devices with enclosed fireboxes and controlled air technology such as mass burn, modular, and fluidized bed combustors.)
(b) Air curtain incinerators that burn only the materials listed in paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section are only required to meet the requirements under Sec. 60.2805 and under ``Air Curtain Incinerators'' (Sec. Sec. 60.2810 through 60.2870).
(1) 100 percent wood waste.
(2) 100 percent clean lumber.
(3) 100 percent mixture of only wood waste, clean lumber, and/or yard waste.
Sec. 60.2815 What are my requirements for meeting increments of progress and achieving final compliance?
If you plan to achieve compliance more than 1 year following the effective date of state plan approval, you must meet the two increments of progress specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
(a) Submit a final control plan.
(b) Achieve final compliance.
Sec. 60.2820 When must I complete each increment of progress?
Table 1 of this subpart specifies compliance dates for each of the increments of progress.
Sec. 60.2825 What must I include in the notifications of achievement of increments of progress?
Your notification of achievement of increments of progress must include the three items described in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section.
(a) Notification that the increment of progress has been achieved.
(b) Any items required to be submitted with each increment of progress (see Sec. 60.2840).
(c) Signature of the owner or operator of the incinerator.
Sec. 60.2830 When must I submit the notifications of achievement of increments of progress?
Notifications for achieving increments of progress must be postmarked no later than 10 business days after the compliance date for the increment.
Sec. 60.2835 What if I do not meet an increment of progress?
If you fail to meet an increment of progress, you must submit a notification to the Administrator postmarked within 10 business days after the date for that increment of progress in table 1 of this subpart. You must inform the Administrator that you did not meet the increment, and you must continue to submit reports each subsequent calendar month until the increment of progress is met.
Sec. 60.2840 How do I comply with the increment of progress for submittal of a control plan?
For your control plan increment of progress, you must satisfy the two
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requirements specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
(a) Submit the final control plan, including a description of any devices for air pollution control and any process changes that you will use to comply with the emission limitations and other requirements of this subpart.
(b) Maintain an onsite copy of the final control plan.
Sec. 60.2845 How do I comply with the increment of progress for achieving final compliance?
For the final compliance increment of progress, you must complete all process changes and retrofit construction of control devices, as specified in the final control plan, so that, if the affected incinerator is brought online, all necessary process changes and air pollution control devices would operate as designed.
Sec. 60.2850 What must I do if I close my air curtain incinerator and then restart it?
(a) If you close your incinerator but will reopen it prior to the final compliance date in your state plan, you must meet the increments of progress specified in Sec. 60.2815.
(b) If you close your incinerator but will restart it after your final compliance date, you must complete emission control retrofits and meet the emission limitations on the date your incinerator restarts operation.
Sec. 60.2855 What must I do if I plan to permanently close my air curtain incinerator and not restart it?
If you plan to close your incinerator rather than comply with the state plan, submit a closure notification, including the date of closure, to the Administrator by the date your final control plan is due.
Sec. 60.2860 What are the emission limitations for air curtain incinerators?
After the date the initial stack test is required or completed (whichever is earlier), you must meet the limitations in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
(a) Maintain opacity to less than or equal to 10 percent opacity (as determined by the average of three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values), except as described in paragraph (b) of this section.
(b) Maintain opacity to less than or equal to 35 percent opacity (as determined by the average of three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values) during the startup period that is within the first 30 minutes of operation.
Sec. 60.2865 How must I monitor opacity for air curtain incinerators?
(a) Use Method 9 of appendix A of this part to determine compliance with the opacity limitation.
(b) Conduct an initial test for opacity as specified in Sec. 60.8 no later than 180 days after your final compliance date.
(c) After the initial test for opacity, conduct annual tests no more than 12 calendar months following the date of your previous test.
Sec. 60.2870 What are the recordkeeping and reporting requirements for air curtain incinerators?
(a) Keep records of results of all initial and annual opacity tests onsite in either paper copy or electronic format, unless the Administrator approves another format, for at least 5 years.
(b) Make all records available for submittal to the Administrator or for an inspector's onsite review.
(c) Submit an initial report no later than 60 days following the initial opacity test that includes the information specified in paragraphs (c) (1) and (2) of this section.
(1) The types of materials you plan to combust in your air curtain incinerator.
(2) The results (as determined by the average of three 1-hour blocks consisting of ten 6-minute average opacity values) of the initial opacity tests.
(d) Submit annual opacity test results within 12 months following the previous report.
(e) Submit initial and annual opacity test reports as electronic or paper copy on or before the applicable submittal date and keep a copy onsite for a period of 5 years.
Model Rule--Definitions
Sec. 60.2875 What definitions must I know?
Terms used but not defined in this subpart are defined in the Clean Air Act and subparts A and B of this part.
30-day rolling average means the arithmetic mean of the previous 720 hours of valid operating data. Valid data excludes periods when this unit is not operating. The 720 hours should be consecutive, but not necessarily continuous if operations are intermittent.
Administrator means the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency or his/her authorized representative or Administrator of a State Air Pollution Control Agency.
Agricultural waste means vegetative agricultural materials such as nut and grain hulls and chaff (e.g., almond, walnut, peanut, rice, and wheat), bagasse, orchard prunings, corn stalks, coffee bean hulls and grounds, and other vegetative waste materials generated as a result of agricultural operations.
Air curtain incinerator means an incinerator that operates by forcefully projecting a curtain of air across an open chamber or pit in which combustion occurs. Incinerators of this type can be constructed above or below ground and with or without refractory walls and floor. (Air curtain incinerators are not to be confused with conventional combustion devices with enclosed fireboxes and controlled air technology such as mass burn, modular, and fluidized bed combustors.)
Annual heat input means the heat input for the 12 months preceding the compliance demonstration.
Auxiliary fuel means natural gas, liquified petroleum gas, fuel oil, or diesel fuel.
Average annual heat input rate means annual heat input divided by the hours of operation for the 12 months preceding the compliance demonstration.
Bag leak detection system means an instrument that is capable of monitoring particulate matter loadings in the exhaust of a fabric filter (i.e., baghouse) in order to detect bag failures. A bag leak detection system includes, but is not limited to, an instrument that operates on triboelectric, light scattering, light transmittance, or other principle to monitor relative particulate matter loadings.
Burn-off oven means any rack reclamation unit, part reclamation unit, or drum reclamation unit. A burn-off oven is not an incinerator, waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart.
Bypass stack means a device used for discharging combustion gases to avoid severe damage to the air pollution control device or other equipment.
Calendar quarter means three consecutive months (nonoverlapping) beginning on: January 1, April 1, July 1, or October 1.
Calendar year means 365 consecutive days starting on January 1 and ending on December 31.
CEMS data during startup and shutdown means the following:
(1) For incinerators, small remote incinerators, and energy recovery units: CEMS data collected during the first hours of operation of a CISWI unit startup from a cold start until waste is fed into the unit and the hours of operation following the cessation of waste material being fed to the CISWI unit during a unit shutdown. For each startup event, the length of time that
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CEMS data may be claimed as being CEMS data during startup must be 48 operating hours or less. For each shutdown event, the length of time that CEMS data may be claimed as being CEMS data during shutdown must be 24 operating hours or less.
(2) For waste-burning kilns: CEMS data collected during the periods of kiln operation that do not include normal operations. Startup begins when the kiln's induced fan is turned on and continues until continuous feed is introduced into the kiln, at which time the kiln is in normal operating mode. Shutdown begins when feed to the kiln is halted.
Chemical recovery unit means combustion units burning materials to recover chemical constituents or to produce chemical compounds where there is an existing commercial market for such recovered chemical constituents or compounds. A chemical recovery unit is not an incinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart. The following seven types of units are considered chemical recovery units:
(1) Units burning only pulping liquors (i.e., black liquor) that are reclaimed in a pulping liquor recovery process and reused in the pulping process.
(2) Units burning only spent sulfuric acid used to produce virgin sulfuric acid.
(3) Units burning only wood or coal feedstock for the production of charcoal.
(4) Units burning only manufacturing byproduct streams/residue containing catalyst metals that are reclaimed and reused as catalysts or used to produce commercial grade catalysts.
(5) Units burning only coke to produce purified carbon monoxide that is used as an intermediate in the production of other chemical compounds.
(6) Units burning only hydrocarbon liquids or solids to produce hydrogen, carbon monoxide, synthesis gas, or other gases for use in other manufacturing processes.
(7) Units burning only photographic film to recover silver.
Chemotherapeutic waste means waste material resulting from the production or use of antineoplastic agents used for the purpose of stopping or reversing the growth of malignant cells.
Clean lumber means wood or wood products that have been cut or shaped and include wet, air-dried, and kiln-dried wood products. Clean lumber does not include wood products that have been painted, pigment-
stained, or pressure-treated by compounds such as chromate copper arsenate, pentachlorophenol, and creosote.
Commercial and industrial solid waste incineration (CISWI) unit means any distinct operating unit of any commercial or industrial facility that combusts, or has combusted in the preceding 6 months, any solid waste as that term is defined in 40 CFR part 241. If the operating unit burns materials other than traditional fuels as defined in Sec. 241.2 that have been discarded, and you do not keep and produce records as required by Sec. 60.2740(u), the operating unit is a CISWI unit. While not all CISWI units will include all of the following components, a CISWI unit includes, but is not limited to, the solid waste feed system, grate system, flue gas system, waste heat recovery equipment, if any, and bottom ash system. The CISWI unit does not include air pollution control equipment or the stack. The CISWI unit boundary starts at the solid waste hopper (if applicable) and extends through two areas: The combustion unit flue gas system, which ends immediately after the last combustion chamber or after the waste heat recovery equipment, if any; and the combustion unit bottom ash system, which ends at the truck loading station or similar equipment that transfers the ash to final disposal. The CISWI unit includes all ash handling systems connected to the bottom ash handling system.
Contained gaseous material means gases that are in a container when that container is combusted.
Continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) means the total equipment that may be required to meet the data acquisition and availability requirements of this subpart, used to sample, condition (if applicable), analyze, and provide a record of emissions.
Continuous monitoring system (CMS) means the total equipment, required under the emission monitoring sections in applicable subparts, used to sample and condition (if applicable), to analyze, and to provide a permanent record of emissions or process parameters. A particulate matter continuous parameter monitoring system (PM CPMS) is a type of CMS.
Cyclonic burn barrel means a combustion device for waste materials that is attached to a 55 gallon, open-head drum. The device consists of a lid, which fits onto and encloses the drum, and a blower that forces combustion air into the drum in a cyclonic manner to enhance the mixing of waste material and air. A cyclonic burn barrel is not an incinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart.
Deviation means any instance in which an affected source subject to this subpart, or an owner or operator of such a source:
(1) Fails to meet any requirement or obligation established by this subpart, including but not limited to any emission limitation, operating limit, or operator qualification and accessibility requirements.
(2) Fails to meet any term or condition that is adopted to implement an applicable requirement in this subpart and that is included in the operating permit for any affected source required to obtain such a permit.
Dioxins/furans means tetra-through octachlorinated dibenzo-p-
dioxins and dibenzofurans.
Discard means, for purposes of this subpart and 40 CFR part 60, subpart DDDD, only, burned in an incineration unit without energy recovery.
Drum reclamation unit means a unit that burns residues out of drums (e.g., 55 gallon drums) so that the drums can be reused.
Dry scrubber means an add-on air pollution control system that injects dry alkaline sorbent (dry injection) or sprays an alkaline sorbent (spray dryer) to react with and neutralize acid gas in the exhaust stream forming a dry powder material. Sorbent injection systems in fluidized bed boilers and process heaters are included in this definition. A dry scrubber is a dry control system.
Energy recovery means the process of recovering thermal energy from combustion for useful purposes such as steam generation or process heating.
Energy recovery unit means a combustion unit combusting solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator in 40 CFR part 241) for energy recovery. Energy recovery units include units that would be considered boilers and process heaters if they did not combust solid waste.
Energy recovery unit designed to burn biomass (Biomass) means an energy recovery unit that burns solid waste, biomass, and non-coal solid materials but less than 10 percent coal, on a heat input basis on an annual average, either alone or in combination with liquid waste, liquid fuel or gaseous fuels.
Energy recovery unit designed to burn coal (Coal) means an energy recovery unit that burns solid waste and at least 10 percent coal on a heat input basis on an annual average, either alone or in combination with liquid waste, liquid fuel or gaseous fuels.
Energy recovery unit designed to burn liquid waste materials and gas (Liquid/gas) means an energy recovery unit that
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burns a liquid waste with liquid or gaseous fuels not combined with any solid fuel or waste materials.
Energy recovery unit designed to burn solid materials (Solids) includes energy recovery units designed to burn coal and energy recovery units designed to burn biomass
Fabric filter means an add-on air pollution control device used to capture particulate matter by filtering gas streams through filter media, also known as a baghouse.
Foundry sand thermal reclamation unit means a type of part reclamation unit that removes coatings that are on foundry sand. A foundry sand thermal reclamation unit is not an incinerator, a waste-
burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart.
Incinerator means any furnace used in the process of combusting solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator in 40 CFR part 241) for the purpose of reducing the volume of the waste by removing combustible matter. Incinerator designs include single chamber and two-chamber.
In-line coal mill means those coal mills using kiln exhaust gases in their process. Coal mills with a heat source other than the kiln or coal mills using exhaust gases from the clinker cooler alone are not an in-line coal mill.
In-line kiln/raw mill means a system in a Portland Cement production process where a dry kiln system is integrated with the raw mill so that all or a portion of the kiln exhaust gases are used to perform the drying operation of the raw mill, with no auxiliary heat source used. In this system the kiln is capable of operating without the raw mill operating, but the raw mill cannot operate without the kiln gases, and consequently, the raw mill does not generate a separate exhaust gas stream.
Kiln means an oven or furnace, including any associated preheater or precalciner devices, in-line raw mills, in-line coal mills or alkali bypasses used for processing a substance by burning, firing or drying. Kilns include cement kilns that produce clinker by heating limestone and other materials for subsequent production of Portland Cement. Because the alkali bypass, in-line raw mill and in-line coal mill are considered an integral part of the kiln, the kiln emissions limits also apply to the exhaust of the alkali bypass, in-line raw mill and in-line coal mill.
Laboratory analysis unit means units that burn samples of materials for the purpose of chemical or physical analysis. A laboratory analysis unit is not an incinerator, waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart.
Load fraction means the actual heat input of an energy recovery unit divided by heat input during the performance test that established the minimum sorbent injection rate or minimum activated carbon injection rate, expressed as a fraction (e.g., for 50 percent load the load fraction is 0.5).
Low-level radioactive waste means waste material which contains radioactive nuclides emitting primarily beta or gamma radiation, or both, in concentrations or quantities that exceed applicable federal or state standards for unrestricted release. Low-level radioactive waste is not high-level radioactive waste, spent nuclear fuel, or by-product material as defined by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2014(e)(2)).
Malfunction means any sudden, infrequent, and not reasonably preventable failure of air pollution control equipment, process equipment, or a process to operate in a normal or usual manner. Failures that are caused, in part, by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions.
Minimum voltage or amperage means 90 percent of the lowest test-run average voltage or amperage to the electrostatic precipitator measured during the most recent particulate matter or mercury performance test demonstrating compliance with the applicable emission limits.
Modification or modified CISWI unit means a CISWI unit that has been changed later than August 7, 2013, and that meets one of two criteria:
(1) The cumulative cost of the changes over the life of the unit exceeds 50 percent of the original cost of building and installing the CISWI unit (not including the cost of land) updated to current costs (current dollars). To determine what systems are within the boundary of the CISWI unit used to calculate these costs, see the definition of CISWI unit.
(2) Any physical change in the CISWI unit or change in the method of operating it that increases the amount of any air pollutant emitted for which section 129 or section 111 of the Clean Air Act has established standards.
Municipal solid waste or municipal-type solid waste means household, commercial/retail, or institutional waste. Household waste includes material discarded by residential dwellings, hotels, motels, and other similar permanent or temporary housing. Commercial/retail waste includes material discarded by stores, offices, restaurants, warehouses, nonmanufacturing activities at industrial facilities, and other similar establishments or facilities. Institutional waste includes materials discarded by schools, by hospitals (nonmedical), by nonmanufacturing activities at prisons and government facilities, and other similar establishments or facilities. Household, commercial/
retail, and institutional waste does include yard waste and refuse-
derived fuel. Household, commercial/retail, and institutional waste does not include used oil; sewage sludge; wood pallets; construction, renovation, and demolition wastes (which include railroad ties and telephone poles); clean wood; industrial process or manufacturing wastes; medical waste; or motor vehicles (including motor vehicle parts or vehicle fluff).
Opacity means the degree to which emissions reduce the transmission of light and obscure the view of an object in the background.
Operating day means a 24-hour period between 12:00 midnight and the following midnight during which any amount of solid waste is combusted at any time in the CISWI unit.
Oxygen analyzer system means all equipment required to determine the oxygen content of a gas stream and used to monitor oxygen in the boiler or process heater flue gas, boiler/process heater, firebox, or other appropriate location. This definition includes oxygen trim systems and certified oxygen CEMS. The source owner or operator is responsible to install, calibrate, maintain, and operate the oxygen analyzer system in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
Oxygen trim system means a system of monitors that is used to maintain excess air at the desired level in a combustion device over its operating range. A typical system consists of a flue gas oxygen and/or carbon monoxide monitor that automatically provides a feedback signal to the combustion air controller or draft controller.
Part reclamation unit means a unit that burns coatings off parts (e.g., tools, equipment) so that the parts can be reconditioned and reused.
Particulate matter means total particulate matter emitted from CISWI units as measured by Method 5 or Method 29 of appendix A of this part.
Pathological waste means waste material consisting of only human or animal remains, anatomical parts, and/or tissue, the bags/containers used to collect and transport the waste material, and animal bedding (if applicable).
Performance evaluation means the conduct of relative accuracy testing, calibration error testing, and other
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measurements used in validating the continuous monitoring system data.
Performance test means the collection of data resulting from the execution of a test method (usually three emission test runs) used to demonstrate compliance with a relevant emission standard as specified in the performance test section of the relevant standard.
Process change means any of the following physical or operational changes:
(1) A physical change (maintenance activities excluded) to the CISWI unit which may increase the emission rate of any air pollutant to which a standard applies;
(2) An operational change to the CISWI unit where a new type of non-hazardous secondary material is being combusted;
(3) A physical change (maintenance activities excluded) to the air pollution control devices used to comply with the emission limits for the CISWI unit (e.g., replacing an electrostatic precipitator with a fabric filter);
(4) An operational change to the air pollution control devices used to comply with the emission limits for the affected CISWI unit (e.g., change in the sorbent injection rate used for activated carbon injection).
Rack reclamation unit means a unit that burns the coatings off racks used to hold small items for application of a coating. The unit burns the coating overspray off the rack so the rack can be reused.
Raw mill means a ball or tube mill, vertical roller mill or other size reduction equipment, that is not part of an in-line kiln/raw mill, used to grind feed to the appropriate size. Moisture may be added or removed from the feed during the grinding operation. If the raw mill is used to remove moisture from feed materials, it is also, by definition, a raw material dryer. The raw mill also includes the air separator associated with the raw mill.
Reconstruction means rebuilding a CISWI unit and meeting two criteria:
(1) The reconstruction begins on or after August 7, 2013.
(2) The cumulative cost of the construction over the life of the incineration unit exceeds 50 percent of the original cost of building and installing the CISWI unit (not including land) updated to current costs (current dollars). To determine what systems are within the boundary of the CISWI unit used to calculate these costs, see the definition of CISWI unit.
Refuse-derived fuel means a type of municipal solid waste produced by processing municipal solid waste through shredding and size classification. This includes all classes of refuse-derived fuel including two fuels:
(1) Low-density fluff refuse-derived fuel through densified refuse-
derived fuel.
(2) Pelletized refuse-derived fuel.
Responsible official means one of the following:
(1) For a corporation: A president, secretary, treasurer, or vice-
president of the corporation in charge of a principal business function, or any other person who performs similar policy or decision-
making functions for the corporation, or a duly authorized representative of such person if the representative is responsible for the overall operation of one or more manufacturing, production, or operating facilities applying for or subject to a permit and either:
(i) The facilities employ more than 250 persons or have gross annual sales or expenditures exceeding $25 million (in second quarter 1980 dollars); or
(ii) The delegation of authority to such representatives is approved in advance by the permitting authority;
(2) For a partnership or sole proprietorship: a general partner or the proprietor, respectively;
(3) For a municipality, state, federal, or other public agency: Either a principal executive officer or ranking elected official. For the purposes of this part, a principal executive officer of a Federal agency includes the chief executive officer having responsibility for the overall operations of a principal geographic unit of the agency (e.g., a Regional Administrator of EPA); or
(4) For affected facilities:
(i) The designated representative in so far as actions, standards, requirements, or prohibitions under Title IV of the Clean Air Act or the regulations promulgated thereunder are concerned; or
(ii) The designated representative for any other purposes under part 60.
Shutdown means the period of time after all waste has been combusted in the primary chamber.
Small, remote incinerator means an incinerator that combusts solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator in 40 CFR part 241) and combusts 3 tons per day or less solid waste and is more than 25 miles driving distance to the nearest municipal solid waste landfill.
Soil treatment unit means a unit that thermally treats petroleum-
contaminated soils for the sole purpose of site remediation. A soil treatment unit may be direct-fired or indirect fired. A soil treatment unit is not an incinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart.
Solid waste means the term solid waste as defined in 40 CFR 241.2.
Solid waste incineration unit means a distinct operating unit of any facility which combusts any solid waste (as that term is defined by the Administrator in 40 CFR part 241) material from commercial or industrial establishments or the general public (including single and multiple residences, hotels and motels). Such term does not include incinerators or other units required to have a permit under section 3005 of the Solid Waste Disposal Act. The term ``solid waste incineration unit'' does not include:
(1) Materials recovery facilities (including primary or secondary smelters) which combust waste for the primary purpose of recovering metals;
(2) Qualifying small power production facilities, as defined in section 3(17)(C) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 769(17)(C)), or qualifying cogeneration facilities, as defined in section 3(18)(B) of the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796(18)(B)), which burn homogeneous waste (such as units which burn tires or used oil, but not including refuse-derived fuel) for the production of electric energy or in the case of qualifying cogeneration facilities which burn homogeneous waste for the production of electric energy and steam or forms of useful energy (such as heat) which are used for industrial, commercial, heating or cooling purposes; or
(3) Air curtain incinerators provided that such incinerators only burn wood wastes, yard wastes and clean lumber and that such air curtain incinerators comply with opacity limitations to be established by the Administrator by rule.
Space heater means a unit that meets the requirements of 40 CFR 279.23. A space heater is not an incinerator, a waste-burning kiln, an energy recovery unit or a small, remote incinerator under this subpart.
Standard conditions, when referring to units of measure, means a temperature of 68emsp14degF (20 degC) and a pressure of 1 atmosphere (101.3 kilopascals).
Startup period means the period of time between the activation of the system and the first charge to the unit.
Waste-burning kiln means a kiln that is heated, in whole or in part, by combusting solid waste (as the term is defined by the Administrator in 40 CFR part 241). Secondary materials used in Portland cement kilns shall not be deemed to be combusted unless they are introduced into the flame zone in the
Page 3082
hot end of the kiln or mixed with the precalciner fuel.
Wet scrubber means an add-on air pollution control device that uses an aqueous or alkaline scrubbing liquor to collect particulate matter (including nonvaporous metals and condensed organics) and/or to absorb and neutralize acid gases.
Wood waste means untreated wood and untreated wood products, including tree stumps (whole or chipped), trees, tree limbs (whole or chipped), bark, sawdust, chips, scraps, slabs, millings, and shavings. Wood waste does not include:
(1) Grass, grass clippings, bushes, shrubs, and clippings from bushes and shrubs from residential, commercial/retail, institutional, or industrial sources as part of maintaining yards or other private or public lands.
(2) Construction, renovation, or demolition wastes.
(3) Clean lumber.
Table 1 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Increments of Progress
and Compliance Schedules
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Comply with these increments of progress By these dates \a\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Increment 1--Submit final control plan.... (Dates to be specified in
state plan).
Increment 2--Final compliance............. (Dates to be specified in
state plan).\b\
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ Site-specific schedules can be used at the discretion of the state.
\b\ The date can be no later than 3 years after the effective date of
state plan approval or December 1, 2005 for CISWI units that commenced
construction on or before November 30, 1999. The date can be no later
than 3 years after the effective date of approval of a revised state
plan or February 7, 2018, for CISWI units that commenced construction
on or before June 4, 2010.
Table 2 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Incinerators Before Date to
be specified in state plan \b\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
And determining
For the air pollutant You must meet this Using this averaging compliance using this
emission limitation \a\ time method
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cadmium.............................. 0.004 milligrams per 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
dry standard cubic minimum sample time (Method 29 of appendix
meter. per run). A of this part).
Carbon monoxide...................... 157 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
by dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 10, 10A, or
per run). 10B, of appendix A of
this part).
Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency 0.41 nanograms per dry 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
basis). standard cubic meter. minimum sample time (Method 23 of appendix
per run). A of this part).
Hydrogen chloride.................... 62 parts per million by 3-run average (For Performance test
dry volume. Method 26, collect a (Method 26 or 26A at
minimum volume of 120 40 CFR part 60,
liters per run. For appendix A-8).
Method 26A, collect a
minimum volume of 1
dry standard cubic
meter per run).
Lead................................. 0.04 milligrams per dry 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
standard cubic meter. minimum sample time (Method 29 of appendix
per run). A of this part).
Mercury.............................. 0.47 milligrams per dry 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
standard cubic meter. minimum sample time (Method 29 or 30B at
per run). 40 CFR part 60,
appendix A-8) or ASTM
D6784-02 (Reapproved
2008).\c\
Opacity.............................. 10 percent............. Three 1-hour blocks Performance test
consisting of ten 6- (Method 9 at 40 CFR
minute average opacity part 60, appendix A-
values. 4).
Oxides of nitrogen................... 388 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
by dry volume. minimum sample time (Methods 7 or 7E at 40
per run). CFR part 60, appendix
A-4).
Particulate matter................... 70 milligrams per dry 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
standard cubic meter. minimum sample time (Method 5 or 29 of
per run). appendix A of this
part).
Sulfur dioxide....................... 20 parts per million by 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 6 or 6c of
per run). appendix A of this
part).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ All emission limitations (except for opacity) are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard
conditions.
\b\ Applies only to incinerators subject to the CISWI standards through a state plan or the Federal plan prior
to June 4, 2010. The date specified in the state plan can be no later than 3 years after the effective date of
approval of a revised state plan or February 7, 2018.
\c\ Incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17.
Table 3 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Operating Limits for Wet Scrubbers
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You must establish And monitor using these minimum frequencies
For these operating parameters these operating -----------------------------------------------------------
limits Data measurement Data recording Averaging time
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Charge rate..................... Maximum charge Continuous........ Every hour........ Daily (batch
rate. units). 3-hour
rolling
(continuous and
intermittent
units) \a\
Pressure drop across the wet Minimum pressure Continuous........ Every 15 minutes.. 3-hour rolling \a\
scrubber or amperage to wet drop or amperage.
scrubber.
Scrubber liquor flow rate....... Minimum flow rate. Continuous........ Every 15 minutes.. 3-hour rolling \a\
Page 3083
Scrubber liquor pH.............. Minimum pH........ Continuous........ Every 15 minutes.. 3-hour rolling \a\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ Calculated each hour as the average of the previous 3 operating hours.
Table 4 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Toxic Equivalency
Factors
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Toxic equivalency
Dioxin/furan isomer factor
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin...... 1
1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin.... 0.5
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin... 0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin... 0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin... 0.1
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin 0.01
octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin............... 0.001
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzofuran.......... 0.1
2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzofuran........ 0.5
1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorinated dibenzofuran........ 0.05
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran....... 0.1
1,2,3,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran....... 0.1
1,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran....... 0.1
2,3,4,6,7,8-hexachlorinated dibenzofuran....... 0.1
1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorinated dibenzofuran.... 0.01
1,2,3,4,7,8,9-heptachlorinated dibenzofuran.... 0.01
octachlorinated dibenzofuran................... 0.001
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 5 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Summary of Reporting Requirements \a\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Report Due date Contents Reference
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Waste Management Plan................ No later than the date Waste Sec. 60.2755.
specified in table 1 management plan.
for submittal of the
final control plan.
Initial Test Report.................. No later than 60 days Complete test Sec. 60.2760.
following the initial report for the initial
performance test. performance test.
The values for
the site-specific
operating limits.
Installation
of bag leak detection
systems for fabric
filters.
Annual report........................ No later than 12 months Name and Sec. Sec. 60.2765
following the address. and 60.2770.
submission of the Statement and
initial test report. signature by
Subsequent reports are responsible official..
to be submitted no Date of
more than 12 months report..
following the previous Values for the
report. operating limits..
Highest
recorded 3-hour
average and the lowest
3-hour average, as
applicable, for each
operating parameter
recorded for the
calendar year being
reported.
If a
performance test was
conducted during the
reporting period, the
results of the test.
If a
performance test was
not conducted during
the reporting period,
a statement that the
requirements of Sec.
60.2720(a) were met.
Documentation
of periods when all
qualified CISWI unit
operators were
unavailable for more
than 8 hours but less
than 2 weeks.
If you are
conducting performance
tests once every 3
years consistent with
Sec. 60.2720(a), the
date of the last 2
performance tests, a
comparison of the
emission level you
achieved in the last 2
performance tests to
the 75 percent
emission limit
threshold required in
Sec. 60.2720(a) and
a statement as to
whether there have
been any operational
changes since the last
performance test that
could increase
emissions.
Page 3084
Emission limitation or operating By August 1 of that Dates and Sec. 60.2775 and
limit deviation report. year for data times of deviation. 60.2780.
collected during the Averaged and
first half of the recorded data for
calendar year. By those dates.
February 1 of the Duration and
following year for causes of each
data collected during deviation and the
the second half of the corrective actions
calendar year. taken.
Copy of
operating limit
monitoring data and
any test reports.
Dates, times
and causes for monitor
downtime incidents.
Qualified Operator Deviation Within 10 days of Statement of Sec. 60.2785(a)(1).
Notification. deviation. cause of deviation.
Description of
efforts to have an
accessible qualified
operator.
The date a
qualified operator
will be accessible.
Qualified Operator Deviation Status Every 4 weeks following Description of Sec. 60.2785(a)(2).
Report. deviation. efforts to have an
accessible qualified
operator.
The date a
qualified operator
will be accessible.
Request for
approval to continue
operation.
Qualified Operator Deviation Prior to resuming Notification Sec. 60.2785(b)
Notification of Resumed Operation. operation. that you are resuming
operation.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ This table is only a summary, see the referenced sections of the rule for the complete requirements.
Table 6 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Incinerators on and After
Date to be specified in state plan \a\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
And determining
For the air pollutant You must meet this Using this averaging compliance using this
emission limitation \b\ time method
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cadmium.............................. 0.0026 milligrams per 3-run average (collect Performance test
dry standard cubic a minimum volume of 2 (Method 29 at 40 CFR
meter. dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters). 8). Use ICPMS for the
analytical finish.
Carbon monoxide...................... 17 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 10 at 40 CFR
per run). part 60, appendix A-
4).
Dioxins/furans (total mass basis).... 4.6 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 2 (Method 23 at 40 CFR
dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters). 7).
Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency 0.13 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
basis). standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 2 (Method 23 at 40 CFR
dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters). 7).
Hydrogen chloride.................... 29 parts per million 3-run average (For Performance test
dry volume. Method 26, collect a (Method 26 or 26A at
minimum volume of 60 40 CFR part 60,
liters per run. For appendix A-8).
Method 26A, collect a
minimum volume of 1
dry standard cubic
meter per run).
Lead................................. 0.015 milligrams per 3-run average (collect Performance test
dry standard cubic a minimum volume of 2 (Method 29 at 40 CFR
meter. \c\. dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters). 8). Use ICPMS for the
analytical finish.
Mercury.............................. 0.0048 milligrams per 3-run average (For Performance test
dry standard cubic Method 29 an ASTM (Method 29 or 30B at
meter. D6784-02 (Reapproved 40 CFR part 60,
2008) \d\, collect a appendix A-8) or ASTM
minimum volume of 2 D6784-02 (Reapproved
dry standard cubic 2008). \d\
meters per run. For
Method 30B, collect a
minimum sample as
specified in Method
30B at 40 CFR part 60,
appendix A).
Oxides of nitrogen................... 53 parts per million 3-run average (for Performance test
dry volume. Method 7E, 1 hour (Method 7 or 7E at 40
minimum sample time CFR part 60, appendix
per run). A-4).
Particulate matter filterable........ 34 milligrams per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 1 (Method 5 or 29 at 40
dry standard cubic CFR part 60, appendix
meter). A-3 or appendix A-8).
Sulfur dioxide....................... 11 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 6 or 6c at 40
per run). CFR part 60, appendix
A-4).
Fugitive ash......................... Visible emissions for Three 1-hour Visible emission test
no more than 5% of the observation periods. (Method 22 at 40 CFR
hourly observation part 60, appendix A-
period. 7).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ The date specified in the state plan can be no later than 3 years after the effective date of approval of a
revised state plan or February 7, 2018.
\b\ All emission limitations are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/
furans, you must meet either the total mass basis limit or the toxic equivalency basis limit.
Page 3085
\c\ If you are conducting stack tests to demonstrate compliance and your performance tests for this pollutant
for at least 2 consecutive years show that your emissions are at or below this limit, you can skip testing
according to Sec. 60.2720 if all of the other provisions of Sec. 60.2720 are met. For all other pollutants
that do not contain a footnote ``c'', your performance tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive
years must show that your emissions are at or below 75 percent of this limit in order to qualify for skip
testing.
\d\ Incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17.
Table 7 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Energy Recovery Units After
May 20, 2011
Date to be specified in state plan a
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You must meet this emission
limitation \b\ Using this And determining
For the air pollutant ---------------------------------------- averaging time compliance using
Liquid/gas Solids this method
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cadmium......................... 0.023 milligrams Biomass--0.0014 3-run average Performance test
per dry standard milligrams per (collect a (Method 29 at 40
cubic meter. dry standard minimum volume of CFR part 60,
cubic meter. 2 dry standard appendix A-8).
Coal--0.0095 cubic meters). Use ICPMS for the
milligrams per analytical
dry standard finish.
cubic meter.
Carbon monoxide................. 35 parts per Biomass--260 parts 3-run average (1 Performance test
million dry per million dry hour minimum (Method 10 at 40
volume. volume. Coal--95 sample time per CFR part 60,
parts per million run). appendix A-4).
dry volume.
Dioxins/furans (total mass 2.9 nanograms per Biomass--0.52 3-run average Performance test
basis). dry standard nanograms per dry (collect a (Method 23 at 40
cubic meter. standard cubic minimum volume of CFR part 60,
meter.\c\ Coal-- 4 dry standard appendix A-7).
5.1 nanograms per cubic meter).
dry standard
cubic meter.\c\.
Dioxins/furans (toxic 0.32 nanograms per Biomass--0.12 3-run average Performance test
equivalency basis). dry standard nanograms per dry (collect a (Method 23 at 40
cubic meter. standard cubic minimum volume of CFR part 60,
meter. Coal-- 4 dry standard appendix A-7).
0.075 nanograms cubic meters).
per dry standard
cubic meter.\c\.
Hydrogen chloride............... 14 parts per Biomass--0.20 3-run average (for Performance test
million dry parts per million Method 26, (Method 26 or 26A
volume. dry volume. Coal-- collect a minimum at 40 CFR part
13 parts per of 120 liters; 60, appendix A-
million dry for Method 26A, 8).
volume. collect a minimum
volume of 1 dry
standard cubic
meter).
Lead............................ 0.096 milligrams Biomass--0.014 3-run average Performance test
per dry standard milligrams per (collect a (Method 29 at 40
cubic meter. dry standard minimum volume of CFR part 60,
cubic meter.\c\ 2 dry standard appendix A-8).
Coal--0.14 cubic meters). Use ICPMS for the
milligrams per analytical
dry standard finish.
cubic meter.\c\.
Mercury......................... 0.0024 milligrams Biomass--0.0022 3-run average (For Performance test
per dry standard milligrams per Method 29 and (Method 29 or 30B
cubic meter. dry standard ASTM D6784-02 at 40 CFR part
cubic meter. (Reapproved 2008) 60, appendix A-8)
Coal--0.016 \d\, collect a or ASTM D6784-02
milligrams per minimum volume of (Reapproved 2008)
dry standard 2 dry standard \d\.
cubic meter. cubic meters per
run. For Method
30B, collect a
minimum sample as
specified in
Method 30B at 40
CFR part 60,
appendix A).
Oxides of nitrogen.............. 76 parts per Biomass--290 parts 3-run average (for Performance test
million dry per million dry Method 7E, 1 hour (Method 7 or 7E
volume. volume. Coal--340 minimum sample at 40 CFR part
parts per million time per run). 60, appendix A-
dry volume. 4).
Particulate matter filterable... 110 milligrams per Biomass--11 3-run average Performance test
dry standard milligrams per (collect a (Method 5 or 29
cubic meter. dry standard minimum volume of at 40 CFR part
cubic meter. 1 dry standard 60, appendix A-3
Coal--160 cubic meter). or appendix A-8)
milligrams per if the unit has
dry standard an annual average
cubic meter. heat input rate
less than or
equal to 250
MMBtu/hr; or PM
CPMS (as
specified in Sec.
60.2710(x)) if
the unit has an
annual average
heat input rate
greater than 250
MMBtu/hr.
Page 3086
Sulfur dioxide.................. 720 parts per Biomass--7.3 parts 3-run average (1 Performance test
million dry per million dry hour minimum (Method 6 or 6c
volume. volume. Coal--650 sample time per at 40 CFR part
parts per million run). 60, appendix A-
dry volume. 4).
Fugitive ash.................... Visible emissions Visible emissions Three 1-hour Visible emission
for no more than for no more than observation test (Method 22
5 percent of the 5 percent of the periods. at 40 CFR part
hourly hourly 60, appendix A-
observation observation 7).
period. period.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ The date specified in the state plan can be no later than 3 years after the effective date of approval of a
revised state plan or February 7, 2018.
\b\ All emission limitations (except for opacity) are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard
conditions. For dioxins/furans, you must meet either the total mass basis limit or the toxic equivalency basis
limit.
\c\ If you are conducting stack tests to demonstrate compliance and your performance tests for this pollutant
for at least 2 consecutive years show that your emissions are at or below this limit, you can skip testing
according to Sec. 60.2720 if all of the other provisions of Sec. 60.2720 are met. For all other pollutants
that do not contain a footnote ``c'', your performance tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive
years must show that your emissions are at or below 75 percent of this limit in order to qualify for skip
testing, with the exception of annual performance tests to certify a CEMS or PM CPMS.
\d\ Incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17.
Table 8 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Waste-Burning Kilns After May
20, 2011
Date to be specified in state plan \a\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
And determining
For the air pollutant You must meet this Using this averaging compliance using this
emission limitation \b\ time method
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cadmium.............................. 0.0014 milligrams per 3-run average (collect Performance test
dry standard cubic a minimum volume of 2 (Method 29 at 40 CFR
meter\c\. dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters). 8).
Carbon monoxide...................... 110 (long kilns)/790 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
(preheater/ minimum sample time (Method 10 at 40 CFR
precalciner) parts per per run). part 60, appendix A-
million dry volume. 4).
Dioxins/furans (total mass basis).... 1.3 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
standard cubic a minimum volume of 4 (Method 23 at 40 CFR
meter\c\. dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters). 7).
Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency 0.075 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
basis). standard cubic a minimum volume of 4 (Method 23 at 40 CFR
meter\c\. dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters). 7).
Hydrogen chloride.................... 3.0 parts per million 3-run average (collect Performance test
dry volume\c\. a minimum volume of 1 (Method 321 at 40 CFR
dry standard cubic part 63, appendix A of
meter) or 30-day this part) or HCl CEMS
rolling average if HCl if a wet scrubber or
CEMS is being used. dry scrubber is not
used.
Lead................................. 0.014 milligrams per 3-run average (collect Performance test
dry standard cubic a minimum volume of 2 (Method 29 at 40 CFR
meter\c\. dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters). 8).
Mercury.............................. 0.011 milligrams per 30-day rolling average. Mercury CEMS or sorbent
dry standard cubic trap monitoring system
meter. (performance
specification 12A or
12B, respectively, of
appendix B of this
part.)
Oxides of nitrogen................... 630 parts per million 3-run average (for Performance test
dry volume. Method 7E, 1 hour (Method 7 or 7E at 40
minimum sample time CFR part 60, appendix
per run). A-4).
Particulate matter filterable........ 4.6 milligrams per dry 30-day rolling average. PM CPMS (as specified
standard cubic meter. in Sec. 60.2710(x))
Sulfur dioxide....................... 600 parts per million 3-run average (for Performance test
dry volume. Method 6, collect a (Method 6 or 6c at 40
minimum of 20 liters; CFR part 60, appendix
for Method 6C, 1 hour A-4).
minimum sample time
per run).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\a\ The date specified in the state plan can be no later than 3 years after the effective date of approval of a
revised state plan or February 7, 2018.
\b\ All emission limitations are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard conditions. For dioxins/
furans, you must meet either the total mass basis limit or the toxic equivalency basis limit.
\c\ If you are conducting stack tests to demonstrate compliance and your performance tests for this pollutant
for at least 2 consecutive years show that your emissions are at or below this limit, you can skip testing
according to Sec. 60.2720 if all of the other provisions of Sec. 60.2720 are met. For all other pollutants
that do not contain a footnote ``c'', your performance tests for this pollutant for at least 2 consecutive
years must show that your emissions are at or below 75 percent of this limit in order to qualify for skip
testing, with the exception of annual performance tests to certify a CEMS or PM CPMS.
Page 3087
Table 9 to Subpart DDDD of Part 60--Model Rule--Emission Limitations That Apply to Small, Remote Incinerators
After May 20, 2011
Date to be specified in state plan \a\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
And determining
For the air pollutant You must meet this Using this averaging compliance using this
emission limitation \b\ time method
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cadmium.............................. 0.95 milligrams per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 1 (Method 29 at 40 CFR
dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters per run). 8).
Carbon monoxide...................... 64 parts per million 3-run average (1 hour Performance test
dry volume. minimum sample time (Method 10 at 40 CFR
per run). part 60, appendix A-
4).
Dioxins/furans (total mass basis).... 4,400 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
standard cubic meter a minimum volume of 1 (Method 23 at 40 CFR
\b\. dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters per run). 7).
Dioxins/furans (toxic equivalency 180 nanograms per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
basis). standard cubic meter a minimum volume of 1 (Method 23 at 40 CFR
\b\. dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters). 7).
Fugitive ash......................... Visible emissions for Three 1-hour Visible emissions test
no more than 5 percent observation periods. (Method 22 at 40 CFR
of the hourly part 60, appendix A-
observation period. 7).
Hydrogen chloride.................... 300 parts per million 3-run average (For Performance test
dry volume. Method 26, collect a (Method 26 or 26A at
minimum volume of 120 40 CFR part 60,
liters per run. For appendix A-8).
Method 26A, collect a
minimum volume of 1
dry standard cubic
meter per run).
Lead................................. 2.1 milligrams per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 1 (Method 29 at 40 CFR
dry standard cubic part 60, appendix A-
meters). 8). Use ICPMS for the
analytical finish.
Mercury.............................. 0.0053 milligrams per 3-run average (For Performance test
dry standard cubic Method 29 and ASTM (Method 29 or 30B at
meter. D6784-02 (Reapproved 40 CFR part 60,
2008),\c\ collect a appendix A-8) or ASTM
minimum volume of 2 D6784-02 (Reapproved
dry standard cubic 2008).\c\
meters per run. For
Method 30B, collect a
minimum sample as
specified in Method
30B at 40 CFR part 60,
appendix A).
Oxides of nitrogen................... 190 parts per million 3-run average (for Performance test
dry volume. Method 7E, 1 hour (Method 7 or 7E at 40
minimum sample time CFR part 60, appendix
per run). A-4).
Particulate matter (filterable)...... 270 milligrams per dry 3-run average (collect Performance test
standard cubic meter. a minimum volume of 1 (Method 5 or 29 at 40
dry standard cubic CFR part 60, appendix
meters). A-3 or appendix A-8).
Sulfur dioxide....................... 150 parts per million 3-run average (for Performance test
dry volume. Method 6, collect a (Method 6 or 6c at 40
minimum of 20 liters CFR part 60, appendix
per run; for Method A-4).
6C, 1 hour minimum
sample time per run).
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\a\ The date specified in the state plan can be no later than 3 years after the effective date of approval of a
revised state plan or February 7, 2018.
\b\ All emission limitations (except for opacity) are measured at 7 percent oxygen, dry basis at standard
conditions. For dioxins/furans, you must meet either the total mass basis limit or the toxic equivalency basis
limit.
\c\ Incorporated by reference, see Sec. 60.17.
FR Doc. 2014-29568 Filed 1-20-15; 8:45 am
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P
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