Endangered and threatened species: Plant and animal taxa that are candidates or proposed for listing, findings on recycled petitions, and description of progress on listing actions; review,

As Enacted ( Federal Register)

Cited authorities 1

Cited in

[Federal Register: October 25, 1999 (Volume 64, Number 205)]

[Proposed Rules]

[Page 57533-57547]

From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]

[DOCID:fr25oc99-26]

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Part V

Department of the Interior

Fish and Wildlife Service

50 CFR Part 17

Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Review of Plant and Animal Taxa That Are Candidates or Proposed for Listing as Endangered or Threatened; Annual Notice of Findings on Recycled Petitions; Annual Description of Progress on Listing Actions; Proposed Rule

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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

Fish and Wildlife Service

50 CFR Part 17

Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Review of Plant and Animal Taxa That Are Candidates or Proposed for Listing as Endangered or Threatened; Annual Notice of Findings on Recycled Petitions; and Annual Description of Progress on Listing Actions

AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior.

ACTION: Notice of review.

SUMMARY: In this document, we present an updated list of plant and animal taxa native to the United States that we regard as candidates or have proposed for possible addition to the Lists of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended. Identification of candidate taxa can assist environmental planning efforts by providing advance notice of potential listings, allowing resource managers to alleviate threats and thereby possibly remove the need to list taxa as endangered or threatened. Even if we subsequently list a candidate taxon, the early notice provided here could result in fewer restrictions on activities by prompting candidate conservation measures to alleviate threats to the taxon.

We request additional status information that may be available for the identified candidate taxa and information on taxa that we should include as candidates in future updates of this list. We will consider this information in preparing listing documents and future revisions to the notice of review. This information will help us in monitoring changes in the status of candidate taxa and in conserving candidate taxa.

We announce the availability of listing priority assignment forms for candidate taxa and listing priority determinations for proposed taxa. These documents describe the status and threats that we evaluated in order to assign a listing priority number to each taxon.

We also announce our findings on recycled petitions and describe our progress in revising the Lists of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants during the period September 3, 1997, to October 1, 1999.

DATES: We will accept comments on the candidate notice of review at any time.

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments regarding a particular taxon to the Regional Director of the Region identified as having the lead responsibility for that taxon. You may submit comments of a more general nature to the Chief, Division of Endangered Species, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1849 C Street, NW, Mail Stop 420 ARLSQ, Washington, DC 20240 (703/358-2171). Written comments and materials received in response to this notice will be available for public inspection by appointment at the appropriate Regional Office listed below.

Information regarding the range, status, and habitat needs of and listing priority assignment for a particular taxon is available for review at the appropriate Regional Office listed below or at the Division of Endangered Species, 4401 N. Fairfax Drive, Room 420, Arlington, Virginia 22203.

Region 1: California, Hawaii, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Washington, American Samoa, Guam, and Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands

Regional Director (TE), US Fish and Wildlife Service, Eastside Federal Complex, 911 NE 11th Avenue, Portland, Oregon 97232-4181 (503/ 231-6158). Region 2: Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas

Regional Director (TE), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 500 Gold Avenue S.W., Room 4012, P.O. Box 1306, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87102 (505/248-6920). Region 3: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin

Regional Director (TE), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bishop Henry Whipple Federal Building, One Federal Drive, Fort Snelling, Minnesota 55111-4056 (612/725-5334). Region 4: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands

Regional Director (TE), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1875 Century Boulevard, Suite 200, Atlanta, Georgia 30345 (404/679-4156). Region 5: Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and West Virginia

Regional Director (TE), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 300 Westgate Center Drive, Hadley, Massachusetts 01035-9589 (413/253-8615). Region 6: Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming

Regional Director (TE), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, P.O. Box 25486, Denver Federal Center, Denver, Colorado 80225-0486 (303/236- 7400). Region 7: Alaska

Regional Director (TE), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1011 East Tudor Road, Anchorage, Alaska 99503-6199 (907/786-3505).

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: The Endangered Species Coordinator(s) in the appropriate Regional Office(s) or Nancy Gloman Chief, Division of Endangered Species (703/358-2171).

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Candidate Notice of Review

Background

The Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (Act) (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), requires that we identify taxa of wildlife and plants that are endangered or threatened, based on the best available scientific and commercial information. As part of this program, we have maintained a list of taxa we regard as candidates for listing. A candidate is one for which we have on file sufficient information on biological vulnerability and threats to support a proposal to list as endangered or threatened. We maintain this list for a variety of reasons, including: to provide advance knowledge of potential listings that could affect decisions of environmental planners and developers; to solicit input from interested parties to identify those candidate taxa that may not require protection under the Act or additional taxa that may require the Act's protections; and to solicit information needed to prioritize the order in which we will propose taxa for listing. Table 1 of this notice includes 258 taxa that we regard as candidates for possible addition to the Lists of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants, as well as 56 taxa for which we have published proposed rules to list, most of which we identified as candidates in the September 19, 1997, Candidate Notice of Review (62 FR 49398). We encourage consideration of these taxa in environmental planning, such as in environmental impact analysis under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (implemented at 40 CFR parts 1500- 1508) and in local and Statewide land use planning. Table 2 of this notice contains 18 taxa identified as candidates in the September 19, 1997, Candidate Notice of Review that we have removed from candidate status, 93 taxa identified

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as proposed species in the 1997 notice that we have listed as threatened or endangered, and 15 taxa identified as proposed species in the 1997 notice for which we have withdrawn proposed rules. The Regional Offices identified as having lead responsibility for the particular taxa will revise and update the information on candidate taxa continually. We intend to publish an updated combined notice of review for animals and plants annually in the Federal Register. This will include our findings on recycled petitions and a description of our progress on listing actions.

Previous Notices of Review

The Act directed the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution to prepare a report on endangered and threatened plant taxa, which was published as House Document No. 94-51. We published a notice in the Federal Register on July 1, 1975 (40 FR 27823), in which we announced that we would review more than 3,000 native plant taxa named in the Smithsonian's report and other taxa added by the 1975 notice for possible addition to the List of Endangered and Threatened Plants. A new comprehensive notice of review for native plants, that took into account the earlier Smithsonian report and other accumulated information, superseded the 1975 notice on December 15, 1980 (45 FR 82479). On November 28, 1983 (48 FR 53640), a supplemental plant notice of review noted changes in the status of various taxa. We published complete updates of the plant notice on September 27, 1985 (50 FR 39526), February 21, 1990 (55 FR 6184), September 30, 1993 (58 FR 51144), and, as part of combined animal and plant notices, on February 28, 1996 (61 FR 7596) and September 19, 1997 (62 FR 49398).

Previous animal notices of review included many of the animal taxa in the accompanying Table 1. We published earlier comprehensive reviews for vertebrate animals in the Federal Register on December 30, 1982 (47 FR 58454), and on September 18, 1985 (50 FR 37958). We published an initial comprehensive review for invertebrate animals on May 22, 1984 (49 FR 21664). We published a combined animal notice of review on January 6, 1989 (54 FR 554), and with minor corrections on August 10, 1989 (54 FR 32833). We again published comprehensive animal notices on November 21, 1991 (56 FR 58804), November 15, 1994 (59 FR 58982), and, as part of combined animal and plant notices, on February 28, 1996 (61 FR 7596), and September 19, 1997 (62 FR 49398). This revised notice supersedes all previous animal, plant, and combined notices of review.

Current Notice of Review

We gather data on plants and animals native to the United States that appear to merit consideration for addition to the Lists of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants. This notice identifies those taxa (including, by definition, biological species, subspecies, and distinct population segments of vertebrate animals, and biological species, subspecies, and varieties of plants) that we currently regard as candidates for addition to the Lists of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants. In issuing this compilation, we rely on information from status surveys conducted for candidate assessment and on information from State Natural Heritage Programs, other State and Federal agencies (such as the Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management), knowledgeable scientists, public and private natural resource interests, and comments received in response to previous notices of review.

Tables 1 and 2 are arranged alphabetically by names of genera, species, and relevant subspecies and varieties under the major group headings for animals first, then plants. Animals are grouped by class or order. Plants are subdivided into three groups: flowering plants, conifers and cycads, and ferns and their allies. Useful synonyms and subgeneric scientific names appear in parentheses (the synonyms preceded by an equal sign). Several taxa that have not yet been formally described in the scientific literature are included; such taxa are identified by a generic or specific name (in italics) followed by ``sp.'' or ``ssp.'' We incorporate standardized common names in these notices as they become available. The flux in common names, the inclusion of vernacular and composite subspecific names, and the fact that a majority of invertebrates still lack a standardized name combine to make common names relatively impractical for organizing the tables.

Table 1 lists all taxa that we regard as candidates for listing and all taxa proposed for listing under the Act. Candidate taxa are those taxa for which we have on file sufficient information on biological vulnerability and threats to support issuance of a proposed rule to list, but issuance of the proposed rule is precluded by other higher priority listing actions. We emphasize that we are not proposing these candidate taxa for listing by this notice, but we anticipate developing and publishing proposed listing rules for these taxa in the future. We encourage State agencies, other Federal agencies and other parties to give consideration to these taxa in environmental planning. Proposed taxa are those taxa for which we have published a proposed rule to list as endangered or threatened in the Federal Register (exclusive of taxa for which we have withdrawn or finalized the proposed rule).

Taxa in Table 1 of this notice are assigned to several status categories, noted in the ``Category'' column at the left side of the table. We explain the codes for the category status column of taxa in Table 1 below:

PE--Taxa proposed for listing as endangered. PT--Taxa proposed for listing as threatened. C--Candidates: Taxa for which we have on file sufficient information on biological vulnerability and threats to support proposals to list them as endangered or threatened. Issuance of proposed rules for these taxa is precluded at present by other higher priority listing actions. This category includes taxa for which we have made a ``warranted but precluded'' 12-month finding on a petition to list. We have recycled all petitions for which we have previously made ``warranted but precluded'' findings. We identify the taxa for which we have made a continued ``warranted but precluded'' finding on a recycled petition by the code ``C*'' in the category column. We anticipate developing and publishing proposed rules for candidate taxa in the future. We encourage State and other Federal agencies as well as other parties to give consideration to these taxa in environmental planning.

The column labeled ``Priority'' indicates the listing priority number for candidate taxa. We assign this number based on the immediacy and magnitude of threats as well as on taxonomic status. We published a complete description of our listing priority system in the September 21, 1983, Federal Register notice (48 FR 43098).

The third column identifies the Regional Office (R1-R7) to which you should direct comments or questions (see ADDRESSES section). We provided the comments received in response to the 1997 notice of review to the Region having lead responsibility for each candidate taxon mentioned in the comment. We will likewise consider all information provided in response to this notice of review in deciding whether to propose taxa for listing and when to undertake necessary listing actions. Comments received will become part of the administrative record for the taxa.

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Following the scientific name of each taxon (fourth column) is the family designation (fifth column) and the common name if one exists (sixth column). The seventh column provides the known historical range for the taxon, indicated by postal code abbreviations for States and US territories (many taxa no longer occur in all of the areas listed). In the section on birds, the abbreviation ``N'' indicates the nesting range of the taxon, and the abbreviation ``V'' indicates additional areas in which the taxon spends other parts of its life cycle.

Taxa in Table 2 of this notice are taxa we included either as proposed taxa or as candidates in the 1997 notice of review but have since removed from such status for a variety of reasons. We have added many of the taxa identified as proposed in the last notice of review, to the Lists of Endangered or Threatened Wildlife and Plants. Table 2 also includes taxa that became candidates or were proposed for listing since the 1997 notice of review and are no longer classified as either candidates or proposed taxa (for example candidates or proposed species that we have listed or withdrawn since the 1997 notice of review). The first column indicates the present status of the taxa, using the following codes:

E--Taxa we listed as endangered. T--Taxa we listed as threatened. Rc--Taxa we removed from the candidate list because currently available information does not support issuance of a proposed listing. Rp--Taxa we removed from the candidate list because we have withdrawn the proposed listing.

The second column provides a coded explanation of why we no longer regard the taxon as a candidate or proposed. Descriptions of the codes are as follows:

A--Taxa that are more abundant or widespread than previously believed and taxa that are not subject to the degree of threats sufficient to warrant continuance of candidate status, issuance of a proposed listing, or a final listing. F--Taxa whose range is no longer a U.S. Territory. I--Taxa for which we have insufficient information on biological vulnerability and threats to support issuance of a proposed rule to list. L--Taxa we added to the Lists of Endangered or Threatened Wildlife and Plants. M--Taxa we mistakenly included as candidates or proposed taxa in the last notice of review. N--Taxa that are not a listable entity (do not meet the Act's definition of ``species'') based on current taxonomic understanding. X--Taxa we believe to be extinct.

The columns describing lead region, scientific name, family, common name, and historic range include information as previously described for Table 1.

Summary

Since publication of the 1997 notice of review, we reviewed the available information on candidate taxa to ensure that issuance of a proposed listing is justified for each taxon and to reevaluate the relative listing priority assignment of each taxon. We undertook this effort to ensure that we are focusing conservation efforts on those taxa at greatest risk. As of October 1, 1999, there are 16 plants and 25 animals proposed for endangered status; 7 plants and 8 animals proposed for threatened status; and 154 plant and 104 animal candidates awaiting preparation of proposed rules (see Table 1). Table 2 includes 126 taxa that we classified as either proposed for listing or candidates that we no longer classify in those categories.

Petition of a Candidate Species

The Act provides two mechanisms for considering species for listing. First, the Act places on the Service the duty to identify and propose for listing those species which the Service finds require listing under the standards of section 4(a)(1). We implement this duty with the candidate program, discussed above. Second, the Act allows the public to petition us to add a species to the Threatened and Endangered Species Lists. Under section 4(b)(3)(A), when we receive such a petition, we must determine within 90 days, to the maximum extent practicable, whether the petition presents substantial information that listing is warranted (a ``90-day finding''). If we make a positive 90- day finding, under section 4(b)(3)(B) we must make one of three possible findings within 12 months of the receipt of the petition (a ``12-month finding'').

The first possible 12-month finding is that listing is not warranted, in which case we need take no further action on the petition. Second, we may find that listing is warranted, in which case we must promptly publish a proposed rule to list the species. Once we publish a proposed rule for a species, section 4(b)(5) and (6) govern further procedures, regardless of whether or not we issued the proposal in response to a petition. Third, we may find that listing is ``warranted but precluded.'' Such a finding means that immediate publication of a proposed rule to list the species is precluded by higher priority listing proposals, and that we are making expeditious progress to add and remove species from the Lists, as appropriate.

The standard for making a 12-month warranted but precluded finding on a petition to list a species is identical to our standard for making a species a candidate for listing. Therefore, we add all petitioned species subject to such a finding to the candidate list. Likewise, it follows that we can treat all candidates as having been subject to both a positive 90-day finding and a warranted but precluded 12-month finding; this notice constitutes publication of such findings pursuant to section 4(b)(3) for each species listed in Table 1 that is the subject of a subsequent petition to list as threatened or endangered. Pursuant to our Petition Management Guidance, made available on July 9, 1996 (61 FR 36075), we consider a petition to list a species already on the candidate list to be a second petition, and therefore redundant. We do not interpret the petition provisions of the Act to require us to make a duplicative finding; therefore, we will not make additional 90- day findings or initial 12-month findings on petitions to list candidate species. As discussed below, we will make recycled petition findings for petitions on such species via Candidate Notices of Review such as this one.

Findings on Recycled Petitions

Pursuant to section 4(b)(3)(C)(i), when, in response to a petition, we find that listing a species is warranted but precluded, we must make a new 12-month finding each year until we publish a proposed rule or make a determination that listing is not warranted. These subsequent 12-month findings are referred to as recycled petition findings.

We reviewed the current status and threats to the taxa that were the subjects of the 25 outstanding warranted but precluded findings. As a result of this review, we have made continued warranted but precluded findings for all 25 species. For the 21 of these species that are candidates, we maintain them as candidates and identify them by the code ``C*'' in the category column on the left side of Table 1.

We have also previously made warranted but precluded findings on four petitions that sought to reclassify to endangered status, species already listed as threatened. Because these species are already listed, they are not technically candidates for listing and are not included in Table 1. However, this notice also constitutes the recycled petition findings for these species. We

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find that reclassification to endangered status is currently warranted but precluded for the:

(1) North Cascades Ecosystem grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis) population (Region 6); (2) Cabinet-Yaak and Selkirk grizzly bear populations (Region 6); (3) spikedace (Meda fulgida) (Region 2); and (4) loach minnow (Tiaroga cobitis) (Region 2).

We recently published a recycled warranted but precluded finding to reclassify the Cabinet-Yaak and Selkirk grizzly bear populations from threatened to endangered on May 17, 1999 (64 FR 26725). This recycled petition finding was prepared separately from this notice in response to litigation; however, as noted above, we are making another recycled petition finding at this time so that its annual reevaluation will come due at the same time as the others.

Progress in Revising the Lists

As described in section 4(b)(3)(B)(iii) of the Act, in order for us to make a ``warranted but precluded'' finding on a petitioned action, we must be making expeditious progress to add qualified taxa to the Lists of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants and to remove from the lists taxa for which the protections of the Act are no longer necessary. This notice describes our annual progress in revising the lists during the period September 3, 1997, to October 1, 1999. We intend to publish these descriptions annually.

Our progress in listing and delisting qualified taxa during the period September 3, 1997, to October 1, 1999, is represented by the publication in the Federal Register of emergency rules for 2 taxa, final listing actions for 94 taxa, proposed listing actions for 65 taxa, final delisting actions for 2 taxa, proposed delisting actions for 7 taxa, and withdrawals of proposed rules for 15 taxa. One taxon listed as threatened due to similarity of appearance, the southern population of the bog turtle (Clemmys muhlenbergii), is not included in the counts above.

Request for Information

We request you submit any further information on the taxa named in this notice as soon as possible or whenever it becomes available. We especially seek information:

(1) indicating that we should remove a taxon from candidate or proposed status;

(2) indicating that we should add a taxon to the list of candidate taxa;

(3) recommending areas that we should designate as critical habitat for a taxon, or indicating that designation of critical habitat would not be prudent for a taxon;

(4) documenting threats to any of the included taxa;

(5) describing the immediacy or magnitude of threats facing candidate taxa;

(6) pointing out taxonomic or nomenclatural changes for any of the taxa;

(7) suggesting appropriate common names; or

(8) noting any mistakes, such as errors in the indicated historical ranges.

List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 17

Endangered and threatened species, Exports, Imports, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Transportation.

Authority

This document is published under the authority of the Endangered Species Act (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.).

Dated: October 1, 1999. Jamie Rappaport Clark, Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Table 1.--Candidate Notice of Review (Animal and Plant)

Status

Lead Cate-

region Scientific name

Family

Common name Historic range gory Priority

Mammals: C

3 R1

Emballonura Emballonuridae............ Bat, sheath- U.S.A. (AS, GU, semicaudata.

tailed

MP (Aguijan)) (Aguijan, American Samoa pops.). PT

3 R6

Lynx canadensis. Felidae................... Lynx, Canada U.S.A. (AK, CO, (contiguous ID, ME, MI, MN, U.S. pop.). MT, ND, NH, NY, OR, PA, UT, VT, WA, WI, WY), Canada, circumboreal PE

3 R1

Neotoma fuscipes Muridae................... Woodrat,

U.S.A. (CA) riparia.

riparian (=San Joaquin Valley). PE

3 R1

Ovis canadensis. Bovidae................... Sheep, bighorn U.S.A. (Western (Sierra Nevada conterminous pop.).

states), Canada (southwestern), Mexico (northern) PT

3 R1

Pteropus

Pteropodidae.............. Bat, Mariana U.S.A. (MP) mariannus

fruit (Aguijan, mariannus.

Tinian, Saipan pops.). C

3 R1

Sorex ornatus Soricidae................. Shrew, Buena U.S.A. (CA) relictus.

Vista Lake ornate. PT

3 R1

Spermophilus Sciuridae................. Squirrel,

U.S.A. (ID) brunneus

northern Idaho brunneus.

ground. C

5 R1

Spermophilus Sciuridae................. Squirrel,

U.S.A. (CA) tereticaudus

Coachella ssp. chlorus.

Valley round- tailed ground. C

5 R1

Spermophilus Sciuridae................. Squirrel,

U.S.A. (WA, OR) washingtoni.

Washington ground squirrel. PE

3 R1

Sylvilagus

Leporidae................. Rabbit, riparian U.S.A. (CA) bachmani

brush. riparius. C*

9 R6

Vulpes velox.... Canidae................... Fox, swift (U.S. U.S.A. (CO, IA, pop.).

KS, MN, MT, ND, NE, NM, OK, SD, TX, WY), Canada Birds: PT

2 R6

Charadrius

Charadriidae.............. Plover, mountain U.S.A. montanus.

(western), Canada, Mexico

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3 R1

Chasiempis

Musicapidae............... Elepaio, Oahu... U.S.A. (HI) sandwichensis ibidus. C

5 R4

Dendroica

Emberizidae............... Warbler, elfin U.S.A. (PR) angelae.

woods. C

6 R1

Gallicolumba Columbidae................ Dove, friendly U.S.A. (AS), stairi.

ground

Fiji, Tonga, (American Somoa Western Samoa pop.). C

3 R1

Oceanodroma Hydrobatidae.............. Petrel, band- U.S.A. (HI) castro.

rumped storm (=Harcourt's). C

5 R1

Oreomystis

Fringillidae.............. Creeper, Kauai.. U.S.A. (HI) bairdi. PE

3 R7

Phoebastris Diomedeidae............... Albatross, short- North Pacific albatrus.

tailed (U.S. Ocean--U.S.A. pop.).

(AK, CA, HI, OR, WA), Canada, Japan, Russia C

6 R1

Porzana

Rallidae.................. Crake, spotless U.S.A. (AS), tubuensis.

(American Samoa Figi, pop.).

Marquesas, Polynesia, Philippines, Australia, Society Islands, Tonga, Western Samoa C

6 R1

Ptilinopus

Columbidae................ Dove, many- U.S.A. (AS) perousii

colored fruit. perousii. C*

8 R2

Tympanuchus Phasianidae............... Prairie-chicken, U.S.A. (CO, KA, pallidicinctus.

lesser.

NM, OK, TX) C

6 R1

Zosterops

Zosteropidae.............. White-eye, Rota U.S.A. (MP) conspicillata

bridled. rotensis. Reptiles: C*

5 R2

Graptemys caglei Emydidae.................. Turtle, Cagles U.S.A. (TX) map. C

3 R2

Kinosternon Kinosternidae............. Turtle, Sonoyta U.S.A. (AZ), sonoriense

mud.

Mexico longifemorale. C

6 R4

Pituophis

Colubridae................ Snake, black U.S.A. (AL, LA, melanoleucus

pine.

MS) ssp. lodingi. C

5 R4

Pituophis

Colubridae................ Snake, Louisiana U.S.A. (LA, TX) melanoleucus.

pine. C

9 R3

Sistrurus

Viperidae................. Massasauga, U.S.A. (IL, IN, catenatus

eastern.

IA, MI, MN, MO, catenatus.

NY, OH, PA, WI), Canada (Ont.) Amphibians: C*

5 R1

Ambystoma

Ambystomatidae............ Salamander, U.S.A. (CA) californiense

California (=A. tigrinum

tiger. c.). C*

3 R6

Bufo boreas Bufonidae................. Toad, boreal U.S.A. (CO, NM, boreas.

(Southern Rocky WY) Mountain pop.). C

5 R4

Necturus

Proteidae................. Waterdog, Black U.S.A. (AL) alabamensis.

Warrior. C

2 R4

Rana capito Ranidae................... Frog,

U.S.A. (AL, LA, sevosa (=R.

Mississippi MS) sevosa).

gopher. C*

2 R2

Rana

Ranidae................... Frog, Chiricahua U.S.A. (AZ, NM), chiricahuensis.

leopard.

Mexico C*

9 R1

Rana

Ranidae................... Frog, Columbia U.S.A. (AK, CA, luteiventris

spotted

ID, MT, NV, OR, (formerly incl.

(formerly

UT, WA, WY), in R. pretiosa).

spotted) (Great Canada Basin pop.). C*

6 R1

Rana pretiosa... Ranidae................... Frog, Oregon U.S.A. (CA, OR, spotted

WA) (formerly spotted frog (W. Coast pop.)). Fishes: PT

8 R1

Catostomus

Catostoidae............... Sucker, Santa U.S.A. (CA) santaanae.

Ana. PE

2 R2

Cyprinodon

Cyprinodontidae........... Pupfish, Pecos.. U.S.A. (NM, TX) pecosensis. PE

2 R2

Dionda diaboli.. Cyprinidae................ Minnow, Devils U.S.A. (TX), River.

Mexico C

5 R6

Etheostoma

Percidae.................. Darter, Arkansas U.S.A. (AR, CO, cragini.

KS, MO, OK) C

6 R4

Etheostoma

Percidae.................. Darter,

U.S.A. (KY, TN) nigrum ssp.

Cumberland susanae.

johnny. PE

3 R1

Gila bicolor Cyprinidae................ Chub, Cowhead U.S.A. (CA) vaccaceps.

Lake tui. C*

2 R2

Gila intermedia. Cyprinidae................ Chub, Gila...... U.S.A. (AZ, NM), Mexico C

2 R6

Macrhybopsis Cyprinidae................ Chub, sturgeon.. U.S.A. (AR, IA, gelida.

IL, KY, KS, LA, MO, MS, MT, NE, ND, SD, TN, WY) C*

2 R6

Macrhybopsis Cyprinidae................ Chub, sicklefin. U.S.A. (AR, IA, meeki.

IL, KS, KY, LA, MO, MS, MT, NE, ND, SD, TN) PT

6 R1

Oncorhynchus Salmonidae................ Trout, coastal U.S.A. (AK, CA, (=Salmo) clarki

cutthroat (SW OR, WA), Canada clarki.

Washington/ Columbia R. pop.). C

5 R4

Percina aurora.. Percidae.................. Darter, Pearl... U.S.A. (LA, MS) C

3 R5

Salmo salar..... Salmonidae................ Salmon, Atlantic U.S.A. (ME) (distinct population in 8 Maine Rivers).

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9 R1

Salvelinus

Salmonidae................ Trout, bull..... U.S.A. (Pacific confluentus.

NW), Canada (NW Territories) PE

5 R4

Scaphirhynchus Acipenseridae............. Sturgeon,

U.S.A. (AL, MS) suttkusi.

Alabama. C*

9 R6

Thymallus

Salmonidae................ Grayling, Arctic U.S.A. (MT, WY) arcticus.

(Upper Missouri R. fluvial pop.). Clams: PE

2 R3

Leptodea

Unionidae................. Scaleshell

U.S.A. (AL, AR, leptodon.

(mussel).

IL, IN, IA, KY, MN, MO, OH, OK, SD, TN, WI) C

5 R4

Lexingtonia Unionidae................. Pearlymussel, U.S.A. (AL, KY, dolabelloides.

slabside.

TN, VA) C

5 R4

Margaritifera Margaritiferidae.......... Pearlshell, U.S.A. (AL) marrianae.

Alabama. C

5 R4

Pleurobema

Unionidae................. Clubshell,

U.S.A. (AL, GA, chattanoogaense.

painted.

TN) C

5 R4

Pleurobema

Unionidae................. Pigtoe, Georgia. U.S.A. (AL, GA, hanleyanum.

TN) C

5 R4

Pleurobema

Unionidae................. Clubshell,

U.S.A. (AL, GA, troshelianum.

Alabama.

TN) C

5 R4

Ptychobranchus Unionidae................. Kidneyshell, U.S.A. (AL, KY, subtentum.

fluted.

TN, VA) Snails: C

7 R3

Antrobia culveri Hydrobiidae............... Cavesnail,

U.S.A. (MO) Tumbling Creek. C*

2 R2

Assiminea pecos. Assimineidae.............. Snail, Pecos U.S.A. (NM, TX), assiminea.

Mexico PE

5 R4

Campeloma

Viviparidae............... Campeloma,

U.S.A. (AL) decampi.

slender. PT

7 R1

Erinna newcombi. Lymnaeidae................ Snail, Newcomb's U.S.A. (HI) C

2 R1

Eua zebrina..... Partulidae................ Snail, Tutuila U.S.A. (AS) tree. C

5 R4

Leptoxis downei. Pleuroceridae............. Rocksnail,

U.S.A. (GA, AL) Georgia. C

5 R1

Newcombia

Achatinellidae............ Newcomb's tree U.S.A. (Hl) cumingi.

snail. C

9 R6

Oreohelix

Oreohelicidae............. Mountainsnail, U.S.A. (UT) peripherica

Ogden (=Ogden wasatchensis.

Rocky). C

2 R1

Ostodes

Potaridae................. Sisi (snail).... U.S.A. (AS) strigatus. C

2 R1

Partula gibba... Partulidae................ Snail, Humped U.S.A. (GU, MP) tree. C

2 R1

Partula

Partulidae................ Snail,

U.S.A. (MP) langfordi.

Langford's tree. C

2 R1

Partula

Partulidae................ Snail, Guam tree U.S.A. (GU) radiolata. C

2 R1

Partulina

Achatinellidae............ Snail, Lanai U.S.A. (HI) semicarinata.

tree or pupu kani oe. C

2 R1

Partulina

Achatinellidae............ Snail, Lanai U.S.A. (HI) variabilis.

tree or pupu kani oe. PE

5 R4

Pyrgulopsis Hydrobiidae............... Armored (=thick- U.S.A. (AL) (=Marstonia)

shelled) snail pachyta.

(=marstonia). C*

8 R2

Pyrgulopsis Hydrobiidae............... Springsnail, U.S.A. (NM) chupaderae.

Chupadera. C*

11 R2

Pyrgulopsis Hydrobiidae............... Springsnail, U.S.A. (NM) gilae.

Gila. C

2 R2

Pyrgulopsis Hydrobiidae............... Springsnail, U.S.A. (AZ) morrisoni.

Page. C*

2 R2

Pyrgulopsis Hydrobiidae............... Springsnail, U.S.A. (NM) roswellensis.

Roswell. C*

11 R2

Pyrgulopsis Hydrobiidae............... Springsnail, New U.S.A. (NM) thermalis.

Mexico. C

5 R2

Pyrgulopsis Hydrobiidae............... Springsnail, U.S.A. (AZ), thompsoni.

Huachuca.

Mexico C

2 R1

Samoana fragilis Partulidae................ Snail, fragile U.S.A. (GU, MP) tree. C

5 R2

Sonorella

Helminthoglyptida......... Talussnail, Wet U.S.A. (AZ) macrophallus.

Canyon. C

2 R6

Stagnicola

Lymnaeidae................ Pondsnail,

U.S.A. (UT) bonnevillensis.

Bonneville (=fat-whorled). C

5 R2

Tryonia

Hydrobiidae............... Snail, Diamond Y U.S.A. (TX) adamantina.

Spring. C*

2 R2

Tryonia kosteri. Hydrobiidae............... Snail, Koster's U.S.A. (NM) tryonia. C

5 R2

Tryonia

Hydrobiidae............... Springsnail, U.S.A. (TX) stocktonensis.

Gonzales. Insects: PE

2 R2

Batrisodes

Pselaphidae............... Beetle, Helotes U.S.A. (TX) venyivi.

mold. C

2 R4

Cicindela

Cicindelidae.............. Beetle,

U.S.A. (FL) highlandensis.

highlands tiger. C

2 R1

Cicindela ohlone Cicindelidae.............. Beetle, Ohlone U.S.A. (CA) tiger. C

5 R4

Glyphopsyche Limnephilidae............. Caddisfly,

U.S.A. (TN) sequatchie.

Sequatchie. PE

2 R2

Rhadine exilis.. Carabidae................. Beetle, [no U.S.A. (TX) common name]. PE

2 R2

Rhadine

Carabidae................. Beetle, [no U.S.A. (TX) infernalis.

common name]. C

5 R1

Polites mardon.. Hesperiidae............... Skipper, Mardon. U.S.A. (CA, OR, WA) C

12 R1

Pseudocopaeodes Hesperiidae............... Carson wandering U.S.A. (CA, NV) eunus ssp.

skipper. obscurus. C

1 R1

Tinostoma

Sphingidae................ Moth, fabulous U.S.A. (HI) smaragditis.

green sphinx. C*

9 R6

Cicindela

Cicindelidae.............. Beetle, Coral U.S.A. (UT) limbata

Pink Sand Dunes albissima.

tiger. C

2 R1

Drosophila

Drosophilidae............. Pomace fly, [no U.S.A. (HI) aglaia.

common name]. C

2 R1

Drosophila

Drosophilidae............. Pomace fly, [no U.S.A. (HI) attigua.

common name]. C

2 R1

Drosophila

Drosophilidae............. Pomace fly, [no U.S.A. (HI) differens.

common name]. C

2 R1

Drosophila

Drosophilidae............. Pomace fly, [no U.S.A. (HI) digressa.

common name].

[[Page 57540]]

2 R1

Drosophila

Drosophilidae............. Pomace fly, [no U.S.A. (HI) hemipeza.

common name]. C

2 R1

Drosophila

Drosophilidae............. Pomace fly, [no U.S.A. (HI) heteroneura.

common name]. C

2 R1

Drosophila

Drosophilidae............. Pomace fly, [no U.S.A. (HI) montgomeryi.

common name]. C

2 R1

Drosophila mulli Drosophilidae............. Pomace fly, [no U.S.A. (HI) common name]. C

2 R1

Drosophila

Drosophilidae............. Pomace fly, [no U.S.A. (HI) musaphila.

common name]. C

2 R1

Drosophila

Drosophilidae............. Pomace fly, [no U.S.A. (HI) neoclavisetae.

common name]. C

2 R1

Drosophila

Drosophilidae............. Pomace fly, [no U.S.A. (HI) obatai.

common name]. C

2 R1

Drosophila

Drosophilidae............. Pomace fly, [no U.S.A. (HI) ochrobasis.

common name]. C

2 R1

Drosophila

Drosophilidae............. Pomace fly, [no U.S.A. (HI) substenoptera.

common name]. C

2 R1

Drosophila

Drosophilidae............. Pomace fly, [no U.S.A. (HI) tarphytrichia.

common name]. C

3 R1

Hypolimnas

Nymphalidae............... Butterfly,

U.S.A. (GU, MP) octucula

Mariana eight- mariannensis.

spot. PE

3 R1

Icaricia

Lycaenidae................ Butterfly,

U.S.A. (OR) icarioides

Fender's blue. fenderi. PE

2 R1

Manduca

Sphingidae................ Moth,

U.S.A. (HI) blackburni.

Blackburn's sphinx. C

2 R1